0 Writing an Annotated Bibliography

What is an annotated bibliography?

An annotated bibliography contains the citation of the source and a descriptive

paragraph of about “vi-’E sentences. This paragraph would include a summary, anevaluation and a reflection of the usefulness of the source. When preparing an

annotated bibliography, you need to be a critical and analytical reader.

How do I prepare an annotated bibliography?

The annotated bibliography is written in paragraph form and composed of 4

parts: the citation, the summary of the content, an evaluation of the source, and areflection on its use. Follow these steps.

1. Citation — Create a standard MLA citation for the source. Remember to indent

every line except the first line. Double space the citation but single space theannotated information. Your citations should be in alphabetical order and follow

MLA format. For websites, you will need to search the website and home page

for information about the author; publication, copyright or last update; and the

sponsor of the site. Some website may not provide an author and you will then

alphabetize by title.® 2. Summary - Write 2-3sentences summarizing the content of the material. Besure to include all the main points but add detailed information as you critically

examine the entire source.

3. Evaluation — Add l’wlsentences evaluating the information and author. The

information should be detailed and specific and reflect your critical reading and

analysis of the source. Is the author a respected authority on the subject? Canyou trust the facts provided? What type of audience was this source written for?

is the author biased in their point of view? Does this information from this source

corroborate with information from other sources?

4. Reflection - Add 1-3 sentences reflecting on the usefulness of this source. Did

this source provide you with a major portion of information about your topic or

miniscule amounts? Did the source contain interesting information? Did the

source enlighten you on an aspect of your topic you weren‘t aware of?

Double space and alphabetize the citations. See below for an example of an annotated

bibliography.

' ' ' ' ' ‘ t is not guaranteed

aution. Usm Wikipedia as a source can be helpful but the conteng be accurate9 due to it being a “wiki”. Corroborate information used from that sourceand be sure to cite the information at that time because of Its dynamic nature.

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HANDOUT: BIBLIOGRAPHIES MADE EASY!

Bibliographies are required for all entries. Your bibliography is a reflection of the depth of your research, making ita crucrai part of your project. We know that they can be one of the most frustrating and difficult parts of the History

Day process! With the invention of oniine reference and citation websites, the process has been made far lesspainful. Below are tips to make the process easier.

For each source you find...

Record

. When you find a new source, write down all required information for each source. Keep track of this in the

same place for all your sources The information is slightly different for different types of sources. See the

examples below for more information. Remember. You can use MLA or Turabian format for your citations.. Don't wait until the last minute. Bibliographies can be time-consuming, detailed work. It is much easier to

complete citations for each source as you go along- Don't cite Google or Ask.com as sources. These are search engines. it would be like citing the library

where you found a book as the author

Reflect

- As you use each source, make some notes about how the source was useful to you and what it

contained. It's easier to write it down as you use it, rather than trying to remember later.

. Use annotations wisely. Make sure to note sources that were extremely heipfuL This is also your

opportunity to explain less well-known sources, especially websites.

Review

. As you start to prepare your bibliography, group your sources into different sections: Primary Sources and

Secondary Sources. Keep a separate section for images and pictureslillustrations.. Alphabetize your source within the Primary and Secondary source categories. Don't number your sources

in your bibliography.

. When done, polish your annotations and make sure each annotation explains what it was and how it was

useful to your research.

Sample MLA (Zth Edition) Citation Formats

Books (Print):

Last Name, First Name. Book Hue. City of Publication: Publisher, Year of Publication. Print.

Newspaper Article (Print):Last Name, First Name. “Article Title.“ Newspaper Name {City} Day Month Year Published: Pagets). Print

Encyclopedia (Print):"Article Title." Name of Encyclopedia. Edition. Year. Print.

Websites:

Last Name. First Name. “Article Tide.” Name of Website. Website Publisher. Date Month Year Published. Web.

Date Month Year Accessed. <URL>.

'URL is optional unless the source mnnot be located without it or if required by your teacher.

For More Information:

- Easy Bib: www.easybib.com

. Purdue Online Writing Lab: http://owlenglish.gurdueedu/owjl

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SAMPLE: BIBLIOGRAPHY CITATIONS IN

MLA FORMAT

Article on Website "Aiding Detectives." Burlington Free Press, 20 March

1931. From the file of Henry Perkins, University

of Vermont. Eugenics Survey in Vermont

website, www.uvm.edul~eugenicsloftice.html. 2

December 2005.

SUPreme Court Decision "Brown vs. Board of Education, 347 us. 483." UnitedStates Supreme Court, 17 May 1954.

Newspaper Article “Democrats' Platform Calls for Aid to Four Freedoms."Minneapolis Star, 15 July 1948, sec. 1, p. 3.

Edwards, George. Letter to Hubert Humphrey. 14 July1948. Hubert H. Humphrey Papers, Minnesota

Historical Society, St. Paul.

Personal Correspondence

Amele Found Online “Emma Goldman.“ Wikipedia website, 13 July 2006.

http://en.wikipedia.orglwiki/Emma_goldman. 1January 2007.

Website Jane Addams: Hull House website, 2005.www.hullhouse.org. 1 January 2007.

. . Lincoln, Abraham. “Gettysburg Address.” 19 November

Original Speech Found ("mm 1863. Found on Our Documents website,

www.curdocuments.gov. 1 January 2007.

Book Mayer, George. H. The Political Career of Floyd B. Olson.

St Paul: Minnesota Historical Society Press,

1 987.

Videocassette “Modern Marvels: The Statue of Liberty." Videocassette.Jat‘fe Productions, producer. A&E Television

Networks, 1994.

_

Hans, Joe. “Keynote Address on Technology.” Big TechSpeech Found In Book Company, St. Paul. MN. 10 May 1995. Found in

Albertson, Sarah. Great Speeches on

Technology. New York: Happy Ink Press, 2000.

Photograph Found in Book “John C. Calhoun.“ Photograph. Nabonai Portrait Gallery,Smithsonian institution, 1850. Found in Roark,

James L, et al. The American Promise: A History

of the United States. Boston: Bedford/St.

Martin's, 2003.

When citing a photo, speech, document, or other primary source found in a secondary source, use the

“found in " citations above. These are complete sources and are reproduced without someone else’s

interpretations, so you can likely categorize as primary. Quotes, on the other band, should not be

categon'zed as primary. These are fragments of primary sources. Consider looking for the source ofthese quotes - the original document, speech, etc. - which would be categorized as primary.

National History Day in Minnesota

109

Citation Basics

that someone reading or viewing you final project canWhen researching, it is important to cite your sources so

for what information you need for common sources.3' double-check the accuracy of your research. Here's a guide

PRINT ARTICLE WEB ARTICLE

article title article title video title

poster director/creator

publication title,issue number, and studio name

page numbers

BOOK

What you need

What is it called? book title

Who created it?

Where did the

source come from?

web domain/site

original posting copyright yeardate

article out of a book requires both book and

publisher name and

publisher city

When was it

created?

copyright year publishing date

Be aware of different combinations of these sources (for example, an

article information). If you cannot find a piece of information, note that. Here are the most common sources:

PRINT BOOK*

Author name (last, first). Book Title. Publishing city: Wiesel, Elie. Night. New York City: Hill and Wang, 2006.

publisher, copyright date. Print. Print.

WEB ARTICLE**

SkyBlueDays, et al. "How to Avoid Becoming aPoster name (if any). "Article Title.” Name ofsite. Site

Weeaboo." WikiHow. Mediawiki, n.d. Web. 25 Apr.

éz’ owner, posting date. Web. Date you accessed it. 2014.

SONG

Artist name. "Song." Album. Studio, year. Medium. Nirvana. "Smells Like Teen Spirit." Nevermind. Geffen,

1991. MP3 file.

FILM

Name ofFi/m. Dir. Director. Studio, copyright date. Film. Jaws. Dir. Steven Spielberg. Universal, 1975. Film.

WEB VIDEO**

Poster. “Name of video." Online video. Name ofsite.

Site owner, posting date. Web. Date accessed.

MusicMan1470. "Whatever Happened to Hip Hop?”

Online video. YouTube. Google, 15 Dec. 2012. Web. 24

April 2014.

ARTWORK

Artist name (last, first). Name ofimage, date. Museum

with work, city. Site name. Web. Date accessed

Van Gough, Vincent. Starry Night, 1889. Museum of

Modern Art, NYC. Artpop. Web. 22 Apr. 2014.

IMAGE ONLY FOUND ON WEB**

Poster. “Name of image.” Medium. Name ofsite. Site

owner, posting date. Web. Date accessed.

prophetvinny. "Kandi." Photograph. Vibe. SpinMedia,n.d. Web. 25 Apr. 2014.

PERSONAL INTERVIEW

interviewee (last, first). Personal interview. Date of

interview.

Coon, Brandon. Personal interview. 1 May 2014.

This information is important for every citation style (MLA, APA, and Chicago). For additional information on

citation, check the only style guides of Purdue University's Online Writing Lab (owl.en lish. urdue.edu owl ).

SAMPLE: SELECTED ANNOTATED BIBLIGORAPHY (2005)

c Primary SourcesThe Day Before Yesterday. Introduction by Peter Querrell. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1978.

This is a volume of photographs of daily life in Victorian and Edwardian England that I used in giving a

visual representation of the poor living conditions of the East End.

Shaw, George Bernard. “To the Editor. Blood Money to Whitcchapel.” The Star (London). 24 Sep. 1888.

This was one of my most helpful primary sources, and it helped me redirect my project’s focus. In it, Mr.

Shaw, a socialist writer for the Fabian society, writes to the editor of The Star about how the Ripper has

done more to help reform than the Democratic-Socialist Party has.

“Sir Charles Warren Resigns.” New York Times. 13 Nov. 1888: Page I. ProQuest Historical Newspapers.

<http://proquest.com>

This is a short newspaper article declaring that the Metropolitan Police Commissioner of London has

resigned after citizens had called for him to step down. I used this information to show the effects the

Ripper had on London’s political scene.

Secondary Sources

Colby-Newton, Katie. Jack the Ri r: in Vie ints. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 1990.

a This book offers a good, easy to understand description of Jack the Ripper, and provides a handful ofhistorical pictures that I used as visual aids.

“Events in 1901.” Exhibitions and Learning Online. The British National Archives. Feb. 17 2005.

<http://nationalarchives.gov.uk/pathwaysicensusieverrts>

This site run by the British national archives contains vintage Victorian social reform posters that I use in

my documentary to provide a visual aid concerning the Democratic-Socialist party and its reforms.

Hunt For Jack the Ripmr. Dir. Sueann Fincke. Nan. David AckroycL Videocassette. AME Home Video, 2000.

This documentary was the first source that I looked at, and influenced me greatly in picking my thesis.

While it focuses on who committed the murders, it does dabble a little in the social aspects of the

incidents.

Sweet, Matthew. Inventing the Victorians: What We Think We Know About Them, Why We’re Wrong New

York: St. Martin’s Press, 2001

This is a book that focuses on common myths we have about the Victorian period, and enlightens us with

the truth ofthese matters. From it, I used picurres ofwealthy London society to illustrate the class rift in

England.

National History Day in Minnesota

110

." gsnrono UNIVERSITY”

v Writing Center

r Annotated BibliographyJ,

video game play on aggressive droughts, feelings, and physiological arousal. Aggressive

Behavior, 35(3), 213-224. doi: 10.1002/ab.20279. Tire authors—both psychologists—assert that repeated play of violent video games

increases aggressive thoughts and feelings in players. In a laboratory setting the

researchers compared subjects playing nonviolent games with those playing violent

games. and they found greater aggression in the latter group following play. This

finding, they contend. suggests at least the possibility that violent video game may

have a causal relationship with real-life violence.

This resource will be used as evidence to support my claim that video games

increase violent tendencies in its players. Best, J. (1998). Too much fun: Toys as social problems and the interpretation of culture.

Sui/Ibolic Interaction, 21(2), 197-212. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org.

Sociologist Joel Best argues that social anxiety about popular children’s

entertainments— especially that they might exert a “dark” influence—are not new

(p. 197). He points to newspaper and book commentaries dating back a century to

demonstrate that these kinds of fears have been around for a long time. Back then

people worried about violent imagery in the cheap adventure novels sold to boys. In

LIBRARY RESEARCH REPORT

more recent times the focus shifted to movies and television, and it now hovers around

Violent video games.

This article is relevant to my paper because it asserts that violence in terms of children’s

playtime and toys has been an on-going issue since before video games were invented.

Porter. G. 8: Starcevic. V. (2007). Are violent video games harmful? Australasian

Psvcllianjv,15(5). 422—426. doi:10.1080/10398560701463343.

Psychiatric researchers Guy Porter and Vladan Starcevic conducted a broad examination

of the literature on video games and aggression that was available in 2007 when this

article was published. Their meta-analysis includes a study that found that adolescents

Q who play violent video games also exhibit more hostility and aggressive behavior

through fights, arguments, and poor school performance. The authors also reviewed

studies involving individuals playing violent video games in a laboratory setting that

demonstrate a connection between the video game play and aggressive feelings and

behaviors. They conclude that while available evidence does not demonstrate a direct

causal connection between violent play and violent acts, it does suggest that violent play

has the potential to worsen “hostile” and “antisocial” personal traits in individuals

already possessing violent tendencies.

The research article is crucial to the claim being made because it presents reasonable

and scientifically-founded doubt that video games caused violence.

Annotated Bibliography Rubric Student Name: 13'

Title Title reads Bibliography and is centered.

Section Headings WI.“

Double spaded between entries.

Formatting First line of citations are left justified and lines are indented.First line of annotations are indented.

Alphabetizing Entries are alphabetized wuthm primary and secondarysections

Grammar/ Information is spelled and capitalized correctly. Grammar is

Conventions correct.

Section Total

ELA-PartA

Content

Annotations lContains: 1) description of source; 2) summary of what was

4 3 Z

earned; 3) evaluation of source; 4) reflection on the source 1 0

—SectionTotal x2 =

Part A Total

Number of sources fits topic (15+ not including visuals) (one

oint for each three sources, non-visuals)p 2 1 0

Balance Sources are balanced between primary and secondary 3 Z 1 0according to topic. (primary are 33% or greater)

4 3 Z

1 O

Points Possible

3

U1 J)

Variet Bibliography contains at least 4 different types of sourcesy (newspaper, book, website, magazine article, video,

Section Total [12 U'l .b U)

CitationsInformation is complete & correct: title, author, date of

creation, publisher; URLs for all websites 2 1 0

Section Total

SocialStudies-Part

B

Turned in on due date, or earlier;

Turned in 1-2 days late;

Turned in 3-5 days late;

Turned in more than five days late.

Due Date

Deadline-

PartC

44:98 43=96 42:93 41:91 40:89

39:87 38:84 37:82 36:80 35:78

34 = 76 < 34 = DO OVER

I45 Remember: This is a test grade! it you do poorly, it is your responsibility to

do it over and turn it in to be regraded.