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Book Backdrops: Empower Learning With Literature and Primary Sources

Gail Petri, Primary Source Consultant [email protected]


Gail Petri [email protected]

What you’ll learn!• Use books as hooks to spark students' reading enthusiasm

and historical understanding!

• Learn strategies for connecting award-winning literature - picture books, historical fiction, biography and non-fiction - with Library of Congress free online resources.

• Examples of informational texts will be included to illustrate the connection with common core standards.

Southern Illinois U. Edwardsville, IL

mailto:[email protected]


Primary Source Connections are all

around you!

Example:Visit to Maine – Castine Island in the background.


http://www.loc.gov/resource/g3732p.ar084000/


http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/90709379/


http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.rbc/rbpe.11500800


http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/fsa1998008283/PP/


http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/det1994006563/PP/


http://www.loc.gov/pictures/resource/cph.3c13943/

Book Backdrops: Inquiry Learning With Literature and Library of Congress Primary Sources

http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/PA2599/


http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/90705830/


http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/ppmsca.23992

http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/var.2072


http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/cph.3b21115


http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/pga.01840


http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/nclc.01824


Primary sources are the raw materials of history …. original documents and

objects which were created at the time under study.


Why teach with primary sources?

ENGAGE students

Develop CRITICAL THINKING skills

CONSTRUCT their own knowledge


Why teach with history through literature?

One of the great lessons of history is that perspective matters. So before I start kids searching out details of battles or other events in the past, I want to play with perspective a bit, using picture books to get my point across that there's

more than one way to look at a thing. Carol Otis Hurst, Carol Hurst’s Children Literature Site

Teachers know these novels focus a rich, human lens on a sometimes abstract topic. The stories and the lives of historical characters help readers see the

details of everyday life that are not incorporated into textbooks.Cathy Beck, “Historical Fiction: Teaching Tool or Literary Experience”,

Language Arts, July 2000

Why NOT combine

them both!

Literature +Primary Sources =

Memorable,Meaningful,

FunLearning!


http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?ammem/wpapos:@field(NUMBER+@band(cph+3b48716))

Common Core Connections?Book Backdrops: Inquiry Learning With Literature and Library of Congress Primary Sources

http://www.loc.gov/teachers/tps/journal/common_core/article.html

http://www.loc.gov/teachers/tps/journal/common_core/article.html

158 million items

838 miles of bookshelves

470 languages

15,000 items arrive daily

12,000 items added to the

collection daily

24.6+ million items online

1.7 million visitors



http://www.loc.gov/teachers/professionaldevelopment/tpsdirect/pdplanbuilder/

Leaving Evidence of Our Lives

http://www.loc.gov/teachers/professionaldevelopment/tpsdirect/pdplanbuilder/

http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/cph.3c00747

Book Activity…Book Backdrops: Empower Learning With Literature and Primary Sources

Try a Photo Analysis Activity Book Backdrops: Empower Learning With Literature and Primary Sources

http://www.loc.gov/teachers/usingprimarysources/resources/Primary_Source_Analysis_Tool.pdf

Create a set of images for observation...


http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?ammem/cdn:@field(NUMBER+@band(ichicdn+n009718))

What do you SEE? THINK? WONDER?


http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/ncl2004001976/PP/

Study the people and objects…


http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/ncl200400

Is the picture posed?



What do you observe in the background?



What do you notice first?



What details do you see?



ALL were photographed byLewis Hine.

MOST of them depict children.

ONE shows a child at work.

ALL were photographed in Baltimore, Maryland

ALL relate to the strawberry picking industry.


The National Child Labor Committee Collectioncontains 5000 Lewis Hine photographs.


http://lcweb2.loc.gov/pp/nclcquery.html



Do you want your students to learn more about child labor?

READ a book and make CONNECTIONS to primary sources.

“Yes, I want to learn but I can’t when I work

all the time.”

Fursen Owens 12 years old. Can’t read. Don’t know ABCs. Been in

mills 4 years. LH



The girl in this Lewis Hine photograph…

…to write this historical fiction book

about child labor in America.

…inspired Elizabeth Winthrop

BookHook



http://www.loc.gov/pictures/collection/nclc/

http://www.elizabethwinthrop.com/

http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?pp/nclc:@field(NUMBER+@band(nclc+01824))

Winthrop, Elizabeth. “Searching for Addie: The Story behind a Famous Photograph.”

Social Education 70 (4), 174-177.


http://www.elizabethwinthrop.com/searchforaddie.html

Read a picture book about mill life in

Lowell, MA in the 1800s.

BookHook


http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?pp/nclc:@field(NUMBER+@band(nclc+04814))

http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?pp/ils:@filreq(@field(NUMBER+@band(cph+3a31576))+@field(COLLID+pga))

A Sampling of LOC Resources:

The Lowell Offering (1841 periodical review)The Lowell Offering (1844 periodical opinion letter)Among Lowell Mill Girls (1881 article)The Lowell Offering (1890 article) Lucy Larcom: A New England Girl (1890 book review)A Forgotten Industrial Experiment (1898 article)

Read 19th century periodical articles written about factory life in Lowell…


http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?ammem/ncpsbib:@field(DOCID+@lit(ABQ7578-0052-49_bib))

http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?ammem/ncps:@field(DOCID+@lit(ABR0102-0002-123))

http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?ammem/ncpsbib:@field(DOCID+@lit(ABK2934-0048-86_bib))

http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?ammem/ncps:@field(DOCID+@lit(AFJ3026-0007-78))

http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?ammem/ncps:@field(DOCID+@lit(ABK2934-0065-67))

http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?ammem/ncpsbib:@field(DOCID+@lit(AFJ3026-0024-72_bib))

Work began at five o’clock on summer mornings, and at daylight in the winter. Breakfast was eaten by lamplight, during the cold weather; in summer, an interval of half an hour was allowed for it, between seven and eight o’clock. The time given for the noon meal was from a half to three quarters of an hour. The only hours of

leisure were from half past seven or eight to ten in the evening, the mills closing a little earlier on Saturdays. It was an imperative regulation that lights should be out at

ten. During those two evening hours, when it was too cold for the girls to sit in their own rooms, the dining-

room was used as a sitting-room, where they gathered around the tables, and sewed, and read, and wrote, and

studied. (p.599)Larcom, Lucy. “Among Lowell Mill Girls: A Reminiscence.”

The Atlantic Monthly. 48 (289) 593-612.









Teaching Strategy: Create a Wordle at www.wordle.net


http://www.wordle.net/

http://www.wordle.net/

Help your students to…

…become hooked on history!


http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?pp/PPALL:@field(NUMBER+@1(cph+3b03958))

Try this PSI Activity Book Backdrops: Empower Learning With Literature and Primary Sources

Item 1



Item 2



Item 3


http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/pga.00758

Item 4


http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?ammem/ncpsbib:@field(DOCID+@lit(ABS1821-0015-292_bib))

Item 5



Item 6


http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/cph.3a39223

Item 7



Can you identify the person, place

or event these items have in

common?


Bildner, Phil. Twenty-One Elephants. NY: Simon and Schuster, 2004.Prince, April Jones. Twenty-One Elephants and Still Standing. NY: Houghton-Mifflin, 2005.

Two books to hook your students…BookHooks


http://www.simonsays.com/content/book.cfm?tab=4&pid=500495

http://www.houghtonmifflinbooks.com/catalog/titledetail.cfm?titleNumber=593934

Online you’ll find more than 24.6 million digitized items…

• Images • Documents • Maps • Sound files

• Movies • Sheet music • Webcasts • And more…


http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/browse/index.html

Click and explore for much more….Book Backdrops: Empower Learning With Literature and Primary Sources

Dive in and get started……strategies for success

• Know your standards• Know your content • Select quality literature• Find diverse primary sources• Connect across curriculum• Develop engaging activities• Collaborate with colleagues• Share your successes• Have fun!


http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?pp/PPALL:@field(NUMBER+@band(var+2117))

…use inquiry techniques READ:

While reading, compile a list of dates, people and events that might have primary

source connections. (Tip - use post-its.)

INVESTIGATE: Search across www.loc.gov for primary

source items that connect with your book. (Tip - jot down your findings on a tracking

sheet.)

SHARE: Share your findings with the class. Discuss

how the primary sources you found increased your understanding of the book.

QUESTION: What else would you like to learn? Ask

more questions. Look for more answers.


http://www.loc.gov/

http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/cph.3g10994

…use Teachers Page resources to guide you…


Now…on to more books…Book Backdrops: Inquiry Learning With Literature and Library of Congress Primary Sources

http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?pp/PPALL:@field(NUMBER+@1(cph+3g03206))

Adapt ready-made lessons…Book Backdrops: Inquiry Learning With Literature and Library of Congress Primary Sources

http://www.loc.gov/teachers/classroommaterials/lessons/

Dig for your own treasures…

…or use these titles as starters…


http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?pp/ils:@filreq(@field(NUMBER+@band(cph+3a09774))+@field(COLLID+grabill))

Travel with Columbus….Summary: Written in journal format by a twelve-year-old ship’s boy, the entries describe Columbus' first voyage of discovery.Setting: Canary Islands, Atlantic Ocean, 1492 .A Sampling of LOC Resources: 1492: An Ongoing Voyage Images of Christopher Columbus Today in History (October 12) Columbus’ Coat of Arms Christopher Columbus Saw LandA Letter of Christopher Columbus

Schlein, Miriam. Illustrated by Tom Newsom. I sailed with Columbus. Illustrated by Tom Newsom. NY: HarperCollins Publishers, 1991.

BookHook


http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/1492/

http://www.loc.gov/rr/print/list/080_columbus.html

http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/today/oct12.html

http://www.loc.gov/rr/hispanic/coat.html



http://www.americaslibrary.gov/jb/colonial/jb_colonial_columbus_1.html

http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=rbesp&fileName=0001//rbesp0001.db&recNum=14

Online exhibitionsare filled with

primary sources….Book of Privileges

Columbus Coat of Arms


http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/1492/columbus.html

http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/1492/images/hs007001.jpg

http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/1492/

Teaching Strategy: Choose a specific date in the

Today in History archives….


http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/today/oct12.html

Don’t miss the Image Lists…


http://www.loc.gov/rr/print/list/080_columbus.html


http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?pp/ils:@filreq(@field(NUMBER+@band(cph+3b50617))+@field(COLLID+pga))


http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?pp/ils:@filreq(@field(NUMBER+@band(cph+3b49588))+@field(COLLID+pga))

Teaching Strategy: Have students compare and contrast illustrations created by different artists.


Teaching Strategy: Use the Analyzing Photographs and Prints Teacher’s Guide to help formulate guiding questions.


http://www.loc.gov/teachers/usingprimarysources/guides.html

Explore a picture book from the

another viewpoint…

Learn facts from a non-fiction title…

Yolen, Jane. Encounter. San Diego: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1992.

Sis, Peter. Follow the Dream. NY: Knopf, 1991.

BookHook

BookHook


Explore an

online exhibition…


http://myloc.gov/exhibitions/earlyamericas/Pages/default.aspx

Pirate connections….

Summary: Describes life aboard a pirate ship and provides information about famous pirates in history and literature.Setting: 17th, 18th centuriesA sampling of LOC Resources:Buccaneers of America (Interactive book) The Dying Words of Capt. Robert Kidd (Songsheet) "An act further to protect the commerce and seamen of the United States, against the Barbary powers” (1810 law)Pirate of the Isles (Songsheet)

Thompson, Julie. A Pirate’s Life for Me. Watertown, MA: Charlesbridge, 1996.

BookHook

Bok Backdrops: Inquiry Learning With Literature and Library of Congress Primary SourcesBook Backdrops: Empower Learning With Literature and Primary Sources

http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/kislak/kislak-interactive.html

http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?ammem/amss:@field(DOCID+@lit(as101910))

http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?ammem/rbpebib:@field(NUMBER+@band(rbpe+22800100))





http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?ammem/amss:@field(DOCID+@lit(as202920))

Teaching Strategy: Have students turn the pages, translate the text, zoom into images and listen to audio.


http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/earlyamericas/buccaneers/

Colonial Settlement/Holidays….Summary: Describes how the colonists aboard the Mayflower founded New Plymouth and celebrated their first harvest with a feast of thanksgiving.Setting: 17th century, MassachusettsA sampling of LOC Resources:The Pilgrims Landing at Plymouth Rock (America’s Library)Thanksgiving Presentation with timeline)Thanksgiving (Exhibition)1782 Proclamation on Thanksgiving Observation (George Washington Papers)Thanksgiving (Primary Source Set)

George, Jean Craighead. The First Thanksgiving. NY: Philomel Books, 1993.

BookHook


http://www.americaslibrary.gov/jb/colonial/jb_colonial_subj.html

http://www.loc.gov/teachers/classroommaterials/presentationsandactivities/presentations/thanksgiving/

http://memory.loc.gov/learn/features/thanks/thanks.html

http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/treasures/trm125.html

http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=mgw4&fileName=gwpage088.db&recNum=279

http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=mgw4&fileName=gwpage088.db&recNum=279

http://www.loc.gov/teachers/classroommaterials/primarysourcesets/thanksgiving/

Teaching Strategy: Download items from a primary source set to explore with your class.


http://www.loc.gov/teachers/classroommaterials/primarysourcesets/

Experience the Revolution….Summary: Colonel Henry Knox and his younger brother Will, both of the Continental Army, become frustrated with the British blockade of Boston and decide to attempt to move 183 cannons from Fort Ticonderoga, over 300 miles of mountainous wilderness, to defend the besieged city. .Setting: Boston, Fort Ticonderoga, 1775-1776 A Sampling of LOC Resources: The seat of war in New England (1775 map) A Map of Ticonderoga (1777 map) Timeline: American Revolution Pictorial Americana: The Revolution Music, Theater & Dance : Yankee Doodle

Reit, Seymour. Guns for General Washington. San Diego: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1990.

BookHook


http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?ammem/gmd:@filreq(@field(NUMBER+@band(g3721s+ar081300))+@field(COLLID+armap))

http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?ammem/gmd:@filreq(@field(NUMBER+@band(g3721s+ar081300))+@field(COLLID+armap))

http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?ammem/gmd:@field(NUMBER+@band(g3804t+ar117500))

http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/gwhtml/gwtimear.html

http://www.loc.gov/rr/print/list/picamer/paRevol.html

http://www.loc.gov/rr/print/list/picamer/paRevol.html

http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cocoon/ihas/loc.natlib.ihas.200000025/default.html


http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/gwhtml/gwtimear.html

http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/gwhtml/gwhome.html

Read Washington’s letter to Knox…Book Backdrops: Inquiry Learning With Literature and Library of Congress Primary Sources

http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?ammem/mgw:@field(DOCID+@lit(gw040096))

http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?ammem/fawbib:@field(DOCID+@lit(apc0013))

Zoom into a Revolutionary War map…Book Backdrops: Inquiry Learning With Literature and Library of Congress Primary Sources

http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.gmd/g3721s.ar081300

http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.gmd/g3804t.ar117500

http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/gmdhtml/armhtml/armhome.html

Read lyrics and listen to songs of the time…


http://lcweb2.loc.gov/diglib/ihas/html/patriotic/patriotic-home.html

http://lcweb2.loc.gov/diglib/ihas/loc.natlib.ihas.200000025/default.html

Learn more about American heroes from the Colonial Period…

…in a picture book

A Sampling of LOC Resources:John Hancock (America’s Library)Paul Revere (America’s Library)George Washington (America’s Library)Ben Franklin (Exhibition)

Smith, Lane. John, Paul, George and Ben. New York: Hyperion, 2006

BookHook


http://www.americaslibrary.gov/jb/colonial/jb_colonial_hancock_1.html

http://www.americaslibrary.gov/es/ma/es_ma_massacre_1.html

http://www.americaslibrary.gov/aa/wash/aa_wash_subj.html

http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/treasures/franklin-home.html

Read a non-fiction book for more facts:

McCullough, David. 1776. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2005.

Strum, Richard. Henry Knox: Washington’s Artilleryman. Stockton, NJ: Ottn, 2006.

BookHook

BookHook


Teaching Strategy: Create a treasure chest of primary sources on a theme.




http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/treasures/franklin-scientist.html

http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/h?pp/PPALL:@field(NUMBER+@1(ppmsc+00174))


Teaching Idea: Have students create a primary source alphabet book.


Teaching Idea: Use an alphabet book as the basis for student research.

Teaching Idea: Visit the author’s Web site for additional teaching

ideas.

BookHook


http://www.davidgeister.com/



Lewis and Clark…Summary: This novel in verse highlights letters and thoughts of Jefferson, the Corps of Discovery, Sacagawea and Lewis’s Newfoundland dog Seaman as they travel on their expedition to seek a water route to the Pacific.

Setting: North America, 1803 – 1819

A Sampling of LOC Resources:Lewis and Clark (Themed Resources)Fill Up the Canvas (Presentation)Rivers, Edens, Empires (Exhibition)The Thomas Jefferson PapersMap Collections: Discovery and Exploration

Wolf, Allan. New Found Land: A Novel. Cambridge, MA: Candlewick, 2004.

BookHook


http://www.loc.gov/teachers/classroommaterials/themes/lewis-clark/

http://www.loc.gov/teachers/classroommaterials/presentationsandactivities/presentations/lewisandclark/

http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/lewisandclark/lewisandclark.html

http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/collections/jefferson_papers/

http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/gmdhtml/dsxphome.html

Jefferson’s cipherJefferson’s letter to Congress 1805 map

Followtheir trail..


http://www.loc.gov/teachers/classroommaterials/presentationsandactivities/presentations/lewisandclark/

View the online exhibition…


http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/lewisandclark/lewisandclark.html

Cruzatte: Captain Lewis, this is the grand chief, Un-ton-gar Sar-bar, which means Buffle Noir.Drouillard: In English, Black Buffalo.Cruzatte: And this chief calls himself Tor-to-hon-gar.Drouillard: The Partisan.

I think it wise to use French between the two of us, Pierre, while together we attempt to translate from Sioux to English.

Cruzatte: I agree, my friend. With your knowledge of hand signs and my small knowledge of Sioux, we will act as one voice.

(p.191 - Meeting with the Teton Sioux)

Teaching Strategy: Use text selections to create Readers

Theater scripts.


Links to LOC Resources:Lewis and Clark Journal Map of TrailInteractive Expedition (Flash)Lewis and Clark Virtual TourMeriwether Lewis PortraitWilliam Clark Portrait

Sue F. Williamson – Media, PA – Gifted Support Gr. 1-5 – July 26, 2007 (LOC Summer Institute)

Book Summary: Recounts the story of the Lewis and Clark Expedition to explore the unchartered western wilderness, placing it in its historical context.

Setting: 1804 -1806 from the Missouri River to the Pacific Ocean and back.

Teaching Idea: Organize a study group. Create and share book connections with your colleagues.

BookHook


Try another PSI activity…Book Backdrops: Empower Learning With Literature and Primary Sources

Item 1


Item 2


Item 3


Item 4


Item 5


Item 6


Item 7


An 1887 map of Maine…

A photograph by the water…

A 1903 newspaper article…

3 old baseball cards…New York Polo Grounds drawing…

1 baseball card of a NY pitcher…

What common thread connects these primary sources?

A second map…


Louis Sockalexis

(2008 Elementary Winner) Wise, Bill. Louis Sockalexis: Native American Baseball Pioneer. Illustrated by Bill Farnsworth. NY: Lee and Low Books, 2007.

Summary: A biography of Penobscot Indian Louis Sockalexis, who pursued his childhood love of baseball and eventually joined the Major Leagues where he faced

racism and discrimination with humility and courage as the first Native American to play professional baseball. Winner of

the 2008 Carter G. Woodson award.

(American Memory Collection) Baseball Cards, 1887-1914(Teachers Page) Baseball Themed Resources(Teachers Page) Baseball Primary Source Set

Teachers Page) Native American Themed Resources

BookHook


Teaching Idea: America’s Library has many stories about famous Americans that can “hook” students on biographies.

BookHook


Teaching Strategy: Explore the National Book Festival Teacher/Kids Page for author resources


Teaching Strategy:

Visit Scholastic’s Dear

America site for books

and relatedPrimary

sources…


Check out the Teacher’s Site…


Access LOC Primary Sources for each era…


Sample template developed for Library of Congress Teacher Institute


Now for a little stretch!


00 bookbackdropssill1

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