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PROCEEDINGS OF

RESEARCHCONFERENCE

Forty-Fifth Annual Report

2000

Compiled and Edited by:Bryson L. James

Post Office Box 230McMinnville, TN 37111

Vice President/TreasurerFrank M. CollierPleasant Cove Nursery, Inc.2400 Old Rock Island RoadRock Island, TN 38581

Immediate Past President

Southern Nursery Association, Inc.

PresidentWilfred "Red" RobbinsRobbins Nursery, Inc.200 Raccoon RoadWillard, NC 28478

Executive Vice PresidentDanny Summers1827 Powers Ferry Road,Building 4, Suite 100Atlanta, GA. 30339Phone: 770.953.3311Fax: 770.953.4411

DIRECTORS

Chapter 1Wayne K. SawyerBennett's Creek Nursery3613 Bridge RoadSuffolk, VA 23435-1807

Chapter 2J. GuyCarolina Nurseries, Inc.739 Gaillard RoadMoncks Corner, SC 29461

RESEARCH CONFERENCE

Dir. of Hort. Research & ChairmanDr. Bryson L. JamesPost Office Box 230McMinnville, TN 37111

Co-ChairmanJim BerryFlowerwood Nursery, Inc.Post Office Box 665Loxley, AL 36551

Chapter 3Frank M. CollierPleasant Cove Nursery, Inc.2400 Old Rock Island RoadRock Island, TN 38581

Chapter 4Lee C. HowellRocky Creek Nurseries229 Crenshaw RoadLucedale, MS 39452

OFFICERS

Walter M. ImaharaImahara's Lndscp. Co., Inc.8680 Perkins RoadBaton Rouge, LA 70810

SIXTEEN GREAT STATES AND BEYOND!

Annual SNA Research Conference

This two-day Horticultural Research Conference is held annually inAtlanta, GA in conjunction with the SNA... The World's Showcase ofHorticulture® and has become world-renowned for quality research.Participants are the top horticultural research and educational leadersrepresenting the South's top universities. All industry members areinvited to attend any and all sessions. Hundreds of topics in twelvecategories are shared in presentations that run approximately sevenminutes each. The conference format allows you the opportunity tosit in on all or only those topics of interest to you. Research presentedat the conference is published in the annual publication "SNA Re-search Conference Proceedings" contained herein. For more infor-mation on the SNA Research Conference or the SNA HorticulturalTrade Show and Convention, contact:

Southern Nursery Association1827 Powers Ferry Road, Bldg. 4, Suite 100

Atlanta, GA USA 30339Voice: 770.953.3311Fax: 770.953.4411

SNA InfoLine: 770.953.INFOSNA E-mail: [email protected]

SNA Web Site: www.sna.org

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SNA RESEARCH CONFERENCE - VOL. 45 - 2000

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The Editor and the Board of Directors of the Southern Nursery Association wish toexpress their sincere appreciation to Gary Bachman, Donna Fare, Charles Hesselein,Mark Windham, Mark Arena, Richard Harkess, Patricia Knight, Gary McDaniels,Gary Knox, John Booker and Ken Tilt for the fine job they did as Section Editors andModerators. Our special thanks go to Melissa Riley who edited and moderated theStudent Competition Section, and to Sandra Reed who editied and organized thePoster Section.

We would like to extend our gratitude to all the researchers and nurserymen whoattended the 45th annual conference and/or contributed to these Proceedings andcontinue to make this annual event an industry success.

NOTICE

Mention of a trademark name on a proprietary product does not constitute aguarantee and/or warranty of the product by the researcher(s) or their respectiveuniversities or the Southern Nursery Association and does not imply it's approvalto the exclusion of other products that may also be suitable.

Permission to reprint articles and quotations of portions of this publication is herebygranted on condition that full credit be given to both the author(s) and thepublication, Proceedings of the SNA Research Conference along with the date ofthe publication.

The Southern Nursery Association is not responsible for the statements andopinions printed in the Proceedings SNA Research Conference; they represent theviews of the author(s).

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USING RESEARCH DATASAFELY AND EFFECTIVELY

Good research is conducted under an exact set of controlled conditions, varyingonly the specific treatments which are to be evaluated. Results from the specifictreatments are directly applicable to your operations only if all the conditions in youroperation are controlled the same as in the research. Unfortunately, this seldomhappens. However, this does not mean that you can not benefit from the research.What it does mean is that you should use the research information on a trial basisfirst, if your plant species, soil type, watering method, size and age of plant, climaticregion, etc. is different than that described by the researcher.

What an alert grower should expect to gain from these research reports is ideas -ideas as to the best control for insects, disease, nematodes and weeds - laborsaving ideas such as chemical pruning and using growth regulators to minimizemaintenance. Also, ideas on water management, nutrition, alternative growingmedia, new plants for landscaping and guides for improving profits and marketingskills.

Should you desire additional information on any report, please write to the author.We would like to extend an invitation to you to attend all sessions of the SNAResearch Conference held in Atlanta each year in conjunction with The World'sShowcase of Horticulture®.

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Southern Nursery AssociationDanny Summers, Executive Vice President1827 Powers Ferry Road, Bldg. 4, Suite 100

Atlanta, GA USA 30339Voice: 770.953.3311 Fax: 770.953.4411

SNA InfoLine: 770.953.INFOSNA E-mail: [email protected]

SNA Web Site: www.sna.org

Proceedings of the SNA Research Conference are published annually by theSouthern Nursery Association. One copy is provided at no charge to all SNAmembers, horticultural libraries and contributing authors.

It is the fine men and women in horticultural research that we, the Southern NurseryAssociation, pledge our continued support and gratitude for their tireless efforts inthe pursuit of the advancement of our industry.

ADDITIONAL COPIES:

SNA Members $15.00*Horticultural Libraries $15.00*Contributing Authors $15.00*

Non-Members $25.00*

*includes shipping and handling

© Published October, 2000

45th ANNUALSOUTHERN NURSERY ASSOCIATION

RESEARCH CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS2000

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THE PORTER HENEGAR MEMORIAL AWARDfor

HORTICULTURAL RESEARCH

The Southern NurseryAssociation (SNA) honored Dr.Willard T. Witte with the PorterHenegar Award on Friday, August4, 2000, during the 45th annualSNA Research Conference. Theconference was held inconjunction with the annual SNAConvention and SNA 2000... TheWorld's Showcase of Horticulture®

in Atlanta. The award, originallyknown as the Research Award ofMerit, was created in 1968 tohonor those individuals who havemade outstanding contributions toornamental horticulture researchand, more specifically, to theSNA. In 1972, the award was

renamed the Porter Henegar Memorial Award to honor one of SNA’spast Executive Secretaries, the late Porter Henegar. Nominations aremade each year by the past four recipients and Dr. Bryson L. James,SNA Director of Research.

Since 1977, Dr. Witte has served as associate professor of nursery cropsresearch with the University of Tennessee. He has worked at theUniversity of Tennessee Agriculture Experiment Station since 1983, andpresently conducts full time research in ornamentals and nursery cropproduction. Dr. Witte graduated from South Dakota State University in1959 with a degree in horticulture. In 1971, he earned his Ph.D. from theUniversity of Maryland.

His research is focused on dogwood anthracnose and powdery mildewresistance, root physiology and development, and rapid nurseryproduction systems. Dr. Witte's research has taken him to England, theNetherlands and Thailand. He is a cooperating researcher with both theAmerican Ivy Society and the Southern Nursery Association.

Since 1972, Dr. Witte has authored or co-authored over 236 scientific,technical and popular articles and abstarcts. He has over 120 technicaland popular articles to his credit in the last decade alone. Dr. Witte is amember of the American Society of Horticultural Science, past secretary-treasurer of the Southern Region of the International Plant Propagator'sSociety, and life member of the Holly Society of America.

Dr. Willard T. Witte

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THEBRYSON L. JAMES

STUDENT RESEARCH COMPETITION2000 AWARDS

This long-standing program was renamed in August 1989, in honor of Dr. BrysonL. James, Director of Horticultural Research for the Southern Nursery Association.As Dr. James has been an active participant and leader in the annual ResearchConference for more than 40 years, the award, named in his honor, is a tribute tohis tireless efforts on behalf of the researchers, the association and the industry.Listed below are the guidelines for the Student Competition as well as this year'swinners:

5. The student must have submitted a title to the SNAConference Editor by the May 15 deadline specifiedin the Call For Titles. The paper should then besubmitted both to the Section Editor for the StudentCompetition, and to the appropriate "topic" SectionEditor no later than June 1.

6. The paper must follow the guidelines for format andsubject matter as stated in the Call For Titles for theSNA Research Conference.

7. The student and his advisor should be listed asco-authors.

8. Oral presentation must be limited to seven (7) min-utes. An additional three (3) minutes will be allottedfor questions. A penalty of two (2) points per minuteor part thereof for every minute over seven (7)minutes will be assessed.

9. Judging shall be based on preparation of the paper(50 points) and oral presentation (100 points) for atotal of 150 points.

2000 Bryson L. James Student Competition Award Winners

B.S. Candidates1st Place - $500 Denita Hadziabdic, Tennessee Technological University2nd Place - $300 Jeffrey R. Adkins, Clemson University3rd Place - $200 Bailey Hale, University of Kentucky

M.S Candiates1st Place - $500 Lee Ivy, NC State University2nd Place - $300 Jason Murray, University of Maryland3rd Place - $200 Laura Bruner, Auburn University

Ph.D. Candidates1st Place - $500 Andrew Bell, NC State University2nd Place - $300 Jeanne Briggs, Clemson University3rd Place - $200 Jason Griffin, NC State University

1. Any student of a university or college having re-searchers that participate in the Southern NurseryAssociation Research Conference, are not morethan one (1) academic year removed from gradua-tion and whose research was completed prior tograduation, are eligible to compete.

2. Research is to be that of the presenter and a part ofhis/her educational studies. Contract work, unless apart of a thesis or classroom report (credit given), isnot acceptable, as it may provide unlimited fundingand an unfair advantage.

3. The number of student papers from a single univer-sity or college may be limited, should time restraintsdictate.

4. Previous first-place winners are not eligible to com-pete the year following their award.

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South Carolina 018-021 Leaf Necrosis and Fertility in Hosta - SarahWhite, Jeanne Briggs and Ted Whitwell

Alabama 022-026 Effect of Liming Source on the Growth andNutrition of Dwarf Nandina - J. L. Mayfield, J.L.Sibley, E.H. Simonne and D.J. Eakes

North Carolina 027-029 Potting Date and Rate of Fertilization AffectsPlant Growth - R. Lee Ivy, Ted E. Bilderbackand Stuart L. Warren

Mississippi 030-033 Fertilizer Rate Effect on Poinsettia Productionin Vermicompost Substrates - Pablo R. Hidalgoand Richard L. Harkess

Maryland 034-037 Winter Release Patterns of Controlled-ReleaseFertilizers Under Plastic - Andrew G. Ristveyand John D. Lea-Cox

Alabama 038-040 Mechanism of N Retention by Paper Pellets -Janna O. Glenn, Charles H. Gilliam, James H.Edwards, Jr., Patricia R. Knight

Alabama 041-043 Bare Root Shade Tree Liner Production inContainers - Ken Tilt, Jeff Sibley, Floyd Woods,Chazz Hesselein, Arnold Caylor and BerniceFischman

Florida 044-047 Time of Spacing and Shifting Plants to LargerContainer Influences Growth- Tom Yeager,Claudia Larsen, and Gisele Martins

Tennessee 048-052 Root Control of Nuttal Oak and Bald Cypressin a Pot-In-Pot System - Donna C. Fare, WillardT. Witte, and Phillip Flanagan

Arkansas 053-056 Evaluation of 10 Slow-release Fertilizers onthe Growth of 3 Woody Plants at a Commercial Container Nursery - James Robbins

Virginia 057-058 Do Controlled Release Fertilizers ContainingMicronutrients Adequately Supply the Micronutrient Needs of Plants? - Robert Wright andJody Fanelli

Alabama 059-061 Optimizing Fertilization Practices for 10-InchBoston Fern Production - Charles P. Hesselein,Charles H. Gilliam, J. Raymond Kessler andJames H. Edwards

Tennessee 062-064 Production Studies with Pulmonaria, A Win-ter-Interest Perennial - Christopher J.Catanzaro and Sabrina L. Shaw

Tennessee 065-067 Growth of Magnolia virginiana Liners inVermicompost-Amended Media - Gary R.Bachman and W. Edgar Davis

Florida 068-072 Use of Compost as a Media Amendment forContainerized Production of the Perennial,Cat Whiskers - L.A. Krumfolz, S.B. Wilson andP.J. Stoffella

Container- Grown Plant ProductionOrigin Page(s) Title and Author(s)

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North Carolina 073-076 Use of WulPak as a Mulch and Amendment forNursery Potting Substrates - Ted Bilderbackand Mary Lorscheider

Maryland 077-080 The Role of Environmental Risk Assessmentin Developing Nutrient Management Plans forNursery and Greenhouse Operations - JohnD. Lea-Cox

Connecticut 081-084 Control of Root Circling with Copper in Co-Rhode Island Extruded Nursery Containers - Brian K.

Maynard, Corinne T. Brothers, and William A.Johnson

Georgia 085-086 Influence of Fiber and Plastic Pots on Growthof Five Ericaceous Species - John M. Ruter

Georgia 087-088 Container Design Influences Offset Produc-tion of Hosta - John M. Ruter

North Carolina 089-092 Nitrogen Nutrition of Containerized AnemoneX hybrida - Jean-Jacques B. Dubois, Stuart L.Warren, and Frank A. Blazich

Texas 093-096 Growth of Caddo Maple Liners in Response toPhotoperiod and Fertility - Michael A. Arnold

Georgia 097-098 Lime Sources Affect Medium pH and Hydran-gea Flower Color - James T. Midcap

Oregon 099-102 Using Flat-Roof Retractables For Spring FrostProtection Of Container Grown Pieris Clones-Sven Svenson and Alison Henderson

Oregon 103-105 Using Flat-Roof Retractables for Winter Pro-tection of Container Grown Nursery Crops -Sven E. Svenson

Oregon 106-108 Using Flat-Roof Retractables to Reduce Sub-strate Temperatures of Container Grown Nursery Crops - Sven Svenson, Neil Bell, ThirzaCollins and Alison Henderson

Oregon 109-111 Azalea Container Production Using 18-MonthControlled-Release Fertilizers - Sven Svenson

Georgia 112-114 Acti-GroTm Plus 3® Evaluated as a ContainerMedium Amendment - James T. Midcap

Alabama 115-118 Effects of Copper and Substrate on Root Con-trol of X Cupressocyparis leylandii in Pot-In-Pot Production - Robert C. Trawick, Ken M.Tilt, Harry G. Ponder, Gary J. Keever, andJames E. Altland

Florida 119-121 Charged Zeolites as Controlled-release Fertilizer for Pothos Production - Huang, Y., J.Chen, L. Qu, C. A. Robinson and R. D. Caldwell

Florida 122-124 A Preliminary Study on Heat Shock Responseof Spathiphyllum Cultivars - Qu, L., J. Chen,R. J. Henny, R. D. Caldwell, C. A. Robinsonand Y. Huang

Florida 125-127 Growth Response of Container-grown WoodyOrnamentals to Controlled-release FertilizersJianjun Chen, Richard C. Beeson, Liz A. Felter,Russell D. Caldwell and Cynthia Robinson

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South Carolina 130-132 Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectroscopy ofContaminated Fire Ant Baits - S. RonetteSparks, Melissa B. Riley, Eric P. Benson, andPatricia A. Zungolil

South Carolina 133-136 Effects of Contaminants on Bait Palatability tothe Red Imported Fire Ant - James RandallAdkins, Eric P. Benson, Patricia A. Zungoli,and Melissa B. Riley

Kentucky 137-140 Can Atmospheric Gases Disinfest GreenhousePropagules of Arthropod Pests? - David W.Held, Daniel A. Potter, Richard S. Gates, andRobert G. Anderson

Tennessee 141-143 Assessment of Japanese Beetles and TheirNatural Enemies in Eastern Tennessee- DanielOtto and Jerome F. Grant

Kentucky 144-146 Viburnum Beetle: A Serious Threat to theNew York Landscape - Robert E. McNiel, Paul A. Weston,

Brian C. EshenaurOregon 147-152 Insecticide Efficacy For Adult Root Weevil

Control - Sven Svenson and Robin RosettaTennessee 153-157 Flatheaded AppleTree Borer Infestations on

Newly Planted Maple Liners - Donna C. Fare,Catharine Mannion, Jason Oliver, and SteveMullican

Tennessee 158-161 Insecticide Evaluation for Control of NantucketPine Tip Moth, Rhyacionia frustrana(Comstock) using Pheromone Traps to TimeSprays - Frank A. Hale

Georgia 162-166 Management of the Mealybug PhenacoccusMadeirensis - Monica L. Townsend, RonaldD. Oetting and Juang-Horng Chong

Texas 167-172 Integrating Chemistry with Natural Enemiesfor Control of Aphids and Whiteflies - Kevin M.Heinz, Steve Thompson, Pete Krauter, KarolBurns

Virginia 173-174 An Emerging Foliar Pest of Canna in Virginia-Peter B. Schultz

Tennessee 175-179 Arthropod Predators Associated with the Yellow-Poplar, Liriodendron tulipifera L. - John M.LaForest and Paris L. Lambdin

Tennessee 180-183 Identification of Native Pollinators for Use inDogwood Breeding Programs - A. J. Mayor, J.F. Grant, M. T. Windham, R. N. Trigiano

Maryland 184-190 IR-4 Research for Pest Control in NurseryCrops – 1999 - J. Ray Frank

EntomologyOrigin Page(s) Title and Author(s)

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Florida 192-194 Response of Field-Grown Ligustrum to Granular Fertilizer - Tom Yeager, Frank Melton,Sylvia Shives, and Geri Cashion

Tennessee 195-202 Mycorrhizal Assessment of Ornamental TreesGrown in Tennessee Field Soils - W. E.Klingeman, R. M. Augé, and P. C. Flanagan

Tennessee 204-206 New Dogwood Cultivars Resistant to Pow-dery Mildew - M. T. Windham, R. N. Trigiano,W. T. Witte, and P. C. Flanagan

Tennessee 207-208 Control of Powdery Mildew in Dogwoods withFungicides - M. T. Windham, A. S. Windham,and M. A. Halcomb

Alabama 209-210 Control of Powdery Mildew on Dogwood -J.W. Olive and A.K. Hagan

Alabama 211-213 Serenade Biofungicide evaluated for theControl of Powdery Mildew on Hydrangea -A.K. Hagan, J.W. Olive, J. Stephenson, andL.C. Parrott, Jr.

Alabama 214-217 Chemical Control of Downy Mildew on RoseA.K. Hagan, J.W. Olive, J. Stephenson, andM.E. Rivas-Davila

Alabama 218-220 Control of Alternaria Leaf Spot on Marigoldwith Heritage - A. K. Hagan, J. Randy Akridge,and M. E. Rivas-Davila

Alabama 221-224 Compass screened for the Control ofEntomosporium leaf spot on Photinia and In-dian Hawthorn - A.K. Hagan, J. W. Olive, L. C.Parrott, Jr. and M. Rivas-Davila

South Carolina 225-228 Viruses in Nandina - Pamela L. Hughes andSimon W. Scott

Alabama 229-232 Sorption of a Biocontrol Agent and its EffectsGeorgia on Movement in Nursery Soil - Sam O.Tennessee Dennis, T. Tsegaye, Sunnie A. Aburime and

Robert E. HarrisonVirginia 233-235 Development of Phytophthora Blight of

Annual Vinca Irrigated with ContaminatedWater - C. X. Hong and G. Epelman

Tennessee 236-236 Identification of Ornamental Diseases andInsects via the Internet - A. S. Windham, F. A.Hale, T. C. Stebbins and D. L. Cook

Idaho 237-243 Molecular Genetic Analysis of PowderyTennessee Mildew Pathogens of Dogwood - Margaret

Mmbaga, Ned B. Klopfenstein & Mee-SookKim

North Carolina 244-248 Evaluating Fire blight Resistance among Flow-ering Crabapples (Malus spp.)- Andrew C.Bell, Thomas G. Ranney, Thomas A. Eaker,and Turner B. Sutton

Field ProductionOrigin Page(s) Title and Author(s)

Pathology and NematologyOrigin Page(s) Title and Author(s)

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Georgia 250-253 Economic Benefits and Value Creation -Forrest E. Stegelin

Georgia 254-257 The Status of Computerization for U.S. LandTennessee scape Plant Producers - Steven C. Turner and

John BrookerTennessee 258-260 Innovative Use Of Echinacea purpurea as an

Anti-Cancer Source - E. L. Myles, B. Jordan,C. Randell, C. Barbee, D. Long, S. Bhatti andR. Sauve

Kentucky 261-262 One Strategy for Industry Investments in aState’s Nursery / Landscape Research -Dewayne L. Ingram

Oregon 263-267 Survey of Technical Information Requirementsfor Hispanic Nursery Employees -H.M. Mathers

Alabama 270-273 Growth Regulation Effects of Lonicera xheckrotti (Goldflame Honeysuckle) - L. L.Bruner, G. J. Keever, R. A. Kessler, and C.H.Gilliam

Tennessee 274-275 Effect of Hormones on In Vitro Culture of St.John’s Wort - Mary Cherry, Sarabjit Bhatti,Deborah Long, Roger Sauve and Lewis Myles

Tennessee 276-278 Herbaceous Perennial Growth Control UsingDormant Season Container Drenches - DenitaHadziabdic and Gary R. Bachman

Florida 279-283 Growth Regulation of Golden Shrimp PlantSouth Carolina by Photoselective Plastic Films - Sandra B.

Wilson and Nihal C. RajapakseVirginia 284-287 Chemical growth control of Salvia ‘May Night’

and Scabiosa ‘Butterfly Blue’ - T.J. Banko,M.A. Stefani and M. Dills

North Carolina 288-291 Container Grown Azalea Growth Response toBonzi Sprays - Richard E. Bir and J. L. Conner

Georgia 292-294 Effect of Application Method on SumagicRegulation of Growth of Veronica, Monardaand Eupatorium - Joyce G. Latimer, Paul A.Thomas, Sherrod A. Baden and Velva Groover

Georgia 295-296 Growth of Five Ornamental Species as Influ-enced by Early Harvest PGR - John M. Ruter

Growth RegulatorsOrigin Page(s) Title and Author(s)

Engineering, Economics Structures andInnovationsOrigin Page(s) Title and Author(s)

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Florida 298-302 Putting the Speed Back in Quick-dip AuxinApplication - Richard C. Beeson, Jr.

Alabama 303-306 Influence of Commercial Auxin FormulationsCalifornia on Cuttings of Camellia Cultivars - Gene Blythe,

Terry Denlay, and Jeff L. SibleyMichigan 307-311 Evaluation of Stem Cuttings During Cold Stor

age Utilizing Chlorophyll Fluorescence -Sarah E. Bruce and D. Bradley Rowe

Texas 312-314 Mycorrhizal fungi enhance growth and nutrient uptake of Prickly-Pear Cactus (Opuntiaalbicarpa Scheinvar cv. ‘Reyna’) plantlets after ex vitro transplantation - Andres Estrada-Luna and Fred T. Davies Jr.

North Carolina 315-315 Seed Germination of RhododendronChapmanii: Influence of Light and Temperature- Luis O. Arocha, Frank A. Blazich, StuartL.Warren, Mack Thetford, and James B. Berry

Tennessee 316-319 Vermicompost and Coir Enhance Germination of Echinacea purpurea - Sara MichelleWills and Gary R. Bachman

Rhode Island 320-323 Design and Construction of a RecirculatingSubirrigation System for Propagation - JamesS. Owen, Jr., Brian K. Maynard, and William A.Johnson.

Oklahoma 324-327 Effect of Timing and IBA on Rooting of CaddoSugar Maple Stem Tip Cuttings - Clydette MAlsup and Janet C. Cole

Tennessee 328-330 In Vitro Culture of Gladiolus - Willie Taylor,Sarabjit Bhatti, Deborah Long and RogerSauve

Tennessee 331-333 In Vitro Propagation of Japanese FloweringCherry - A. Naseer Aziz, Roger J. Sauve andJing-Tian Ling

Tennessee 334-341 Morphology and Predation of Redbud Seeds- W. E. Klingeman and M. S. Carrington

Tennessee 342-346 Stratification of American hornbeam (Carpinuscaroliniana L.) Seeds - Lisa E. Richardson-Calfee and John W. Day

PropagationOrigin Page(s) Title and Author(s)

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North Carolina 348-351 Postemergent Control of Purple Nutsedge(Cyperus rotundus L.) - Robert E. Wooten andJoseph C. Neal

Tennessee 352-357 Purple Nutsedge Control in Liriope and Daylilyas Affected by Adjuvant Selection - Gary L.McDaniel, Bill Klingeman, Willard T. Witte,and Phillip C. Flanagan

Alabama 358-361 Posternergence Spurge Control inContainer-Grown Liriope - James E. Altland,Charles H. Gilliam, and John W. Olive

Florida 362-365 Effects of Plateau on Wildflower Plantings -Jeffrey G. Norcini and James H. Aldrich

North Carolina 366-369 Sicklepod (Cassia obtusifolia) control in fieldnursery stock - Joseph C. Neal and Robert L.Wooten

North Carolina 370-374 Susceptibility of Common Nursery Weeds toPreemergence Herbicides - Caren A. Judge,Joseph C. Neal

Florida 375-378 Constructed Wetlands Using OrnamentalSouth Carolina Plants to Remediate Golf Course Pesticides -

Sandra L. Knuteson, P. Chris Wilson, TedWhitwell, and Stephen J. Klaine

South Carolina 379-382 Degradation of Gallery (Herbicide) in Simulated Gravel-Based Retention Basins -Gretchen L. Mondt, Melissa B. Riley, and TedWhitwell

South Carolina 383-386 Reducing Off-site Movement of Herbicides inRunoff Water - To Spray or Not to Spray? -Jeanne Briggs, Ted Whitwell and Melissa B.Riley

North Carolina 387-390 Weed Scouting in Container Nurseries - GinaM. Penny and Joseph C. Neal

Oregon 391-393 Using Quinoclamine and Meadowfoam SeedMeal to Control Liverworts in Containers -Sven Svenson and Wes Deuel

Georgia 394-396 Evaluation of a Year Long Weed Control Program for Container Grown Ornamentals - KeithD. Mickler and John M. Ruter

Alabama 397-402 Evaluation of Alternative Weed Control Op-Mississippi tions for Ornamentals Grown in Large Con-

tainers- Shani L. File, Patricia Knight, CharlesGilliam, Dan Reynolds, and James Altland

Weed ControlOrigin Page(s) Title and Author(s)

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Georgia 404-406 Ornamental Grass Evaluations at NESPAL-John M. Ruter and Amy B. Carter

Tennessee 407-410 Hydrangea macrophylla Cold-HardinessEvaluation - Sandra M. Reed

North Carolina 411-413 Can Mycorrhizae Improve Tree Establishmentin the Landscape? Julie Carlson, M. A. KimPowell, and Stuart L. Warren

Mississippi 414-415 Zinnia Cultivar Performance for MississippiLandscapes - Norman Winter, Jim Curtis, andDavid Tatum

Mississippi 416-417 Coleus Cultivar Performance for MississippiLandscapes - Norman Winter, Jim Curtis, andDavid Tatum

Louisiana 418-421 Mowing Heights, Nitrogen, and PotassiumEffects on ‘Raleigh’ St. Augustinegrass - JamesN. McCrimmon

Louisiana 422-425 Seeded Turf Type Bermudagrasses - JamesN. McCrimmon

Alabama 426-429 Magnolia grandiflora Evaluations in South-Central Alabama - J.L. Sibley, G. Creech, J.S.Glenn, C.H. Gilliam, J.D. Williams and J.T.Owen

Tennessee 430-432 Garden Performance of Thirteen Tulip Culti-vars In Two Plant Hardiness Zones WithinTennessee - Hubert P. Conlon, Susan L.Hamilton, Linda Gombert & J. RobertBrackman

Kentucky 433-437 Horticulture Information Preferences AmongMaster Gardeners - Amy Fulcher, KathyKeeney, Winston Dunwell, and Robert Geneve

Louisiana 438-440 Landscape Performance of Ornamental SweetPotato Cultivars - 1999 - Allen Owings, DrewBates, and Stephen Crnko

Kentucky 441-443 The University of Kentucky Home LandscapeIPM Program - Richard E. Durham, John R.Hartman, Monte P. Johnson, and William M.Fountain

Florida 444-446 Landscape Professionals Learn Environmental Practices through FYN/CLIP - Daniel F.Culbert and Gary W. Knox

Florida 447-450 Barriers and Incentives for Consumers’ Adoption of Landscape Practices - Sydney ParkBrown

Florida 451-453 Methods Being Evaluated to Restrict Spreadof Black Bamboo - Alejandro Bolques andGary W. Knox

North Carolina 454-455 Loropetalum chinensis in the Spring: USDAHardiness Zone 7 - Richard E. Bir and J. L.Conner

Origin Page(s) Title and Author(s)Landscape

14


North Carolina 456-457 Landscape Survival of Hydrangea macrophyllaand serrata Cultivars in USDA Zone 7 -Richard E. Bir and J. L. Conner

North Carolina 458-459 Flowering of Hydrangea macrophylla andserrata Cultivars in USDA Zone 7 Landscapes- Richard E. Bir and J. L. Conner

North Carolina 460-463 Root Growth of Two Woody OrnamentalsFollowing Transplanting - Amy N. Wright, StuartL. Warren, and Frank A. Blazich

North Carolina 464-467 Effects of Heat and Drought on Photosynthesis in Redbuds - Jason J. Griffin and ThomasG. Ranney

Oregon 468-472 Flowering Sequence and Duration of PierisClones in Zone 8 in 1999 - Sven Svenson andHannah Mathers

Georgia 473-476 Cold Hardiness of Lagerstroemia Taxa - RandyJohnson, Orville M. Lindstrom, Paul E.Cappiello and Michael A. Dirr

Tennessee 477-481 Growth rate of elms trialed at TSU-NCRS,McMinnville, TN 1993 - 1999 - Willard T. Witteand Phillip C. Flanagan

Tennessee 482-485 Best Performing Cultivars in the Red andSilver Maple Group in the TSU-NCRS Trials1993-99 - Willard T. Witte and Phillip C.Flanagan

Tennessee 486-489 Best Performing Cultivars in the Sugar andNorway Maple Groups in the TSU-NCRS Trials 1993-99. - Willard T. Witte and Phillip C.Flanagan

Texas 490-493 Disease Tolerance and Landscape Performance of Zinnia Taxa in Central Texas - CoryD. Morgan, Larry W. Barnes, Michael A. Arnold,and Garry V. McDonald

Tennessee 496-499 Profile of the Nursery and Greenhouse Industry in the South - Safdar Muhammad, EnefiokEkanem, Surendra Singh, Fisseha Tegegne,and Anonya Akuley-Amenyenu

Georgia 500-505 Marketing and Distribution: StructuralLouisiana Changes in Selected States - John R.Tennessee Brooker, Roger A. Hinson, Steve C.

TurnerGeorgia 506-510 Factors Important to Price DeterminationLouisiana and Expansion of Geographic Trading Area -Tennessee John R. Brooker, Steve C. Turner, Roger A.

Hinson

MarketingOrigin Page(s) Title and Author(s)

15


Tennessee 530-533 Leachate Volumes and Irrigation Efficiency ofVarious Cyclic Watering Regimes on 7-gallonPot-In-Pot ‘Constellation’ Dogwood - WillardT. Witte, Mark T. Windham, and Phillip C.Flanagan

Tennessee 534-537 Constructed Wetlands Removal of Herbicidesand Nutrients from Container Nursery Runoff- G. Kim Stearman, Dennis B. George, EdgarW. Davis and Stacey N. Lansford

South Carolina 538-541 Toxicity, Uptake, and Distribution of Metalaxyland Simazine in Typha latifolia - Chris Wilson,Steve Klaine, and Ted Whitwell

Maryland 542-545 Generating Water Release Curves with Si-

multaneous Time Domain Reflectometry Cali

bration in Soilless Container Media - JasonD. Murray, John D. Lea-Cox, and David Ross

Water ManagementOrigin Page(s) Title and Author(s)

Florida 511-514 Florida’s Changing Foliage Industry: 1987-1997 - Tara M. Minton, Ferdinand F. Wirth,and Sandra B. Wilson

Georgia 515-518 Profit Impact of Customer Retention - ForrestE. Stegelin

Georgia 519-521 Tips for Selling Plants to Horticultural Distribu-tion Centers - M.P. Garber

Michigan 522-524 Why Consumers Buy Potted Flowering Plants:A Focus Group Study of Master Gardeners -Elizabeth Moore, Bridget Behe and KathleenKelley

Michigan 525-528 Consumer Preferences for Alternative Table-top Christmas Trees - James Heilig and BridgetBehe

16


SNA Research Conference Proceedings & Index

The SNA Research Conference Proceedings contains the latest research and developmentspertaining to the following subjects:

• Container-Grown Plant Production• Entomology• Field Production• Pathology and Nematology• Engineering, Economics, Structures & Innovations• Growth Regulators• Propagation• Weed Control• Landscape• Marketing• Water Management

As an SNA member you are entitled to one free copy of this popular industry publication. TheSNA Research Conference Proceedings is mailed automatically to all wholesale grower membersand SNA researchers. If you are a non-grower or non-researcher member you can request yourfree copy of this invaluable publication by filling out the form below and faxing or mailing it to theSNA office. Additional copies of the SNA Research Conference Proceedings are available tomembers at $15 each. Non-member cost is $25 each. The 2000 SNA Research ConferenceProceedings will be available after November 1. Log onto the SNA website at www.sna.org toview a listing of titles from the past 24 years of SNA Research Conference Proceedings.

2000 SNA Research ConferenceProceedings Request Form

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