01 7 :42 7 $ # 5 %€¦ · 01 7 :42 7 $ # 5 % ! 3 " 61222. ] qc/ b b= ] / 2).]1. ebccbb2 59....

25
01 7$ :42 7$# $5! % ! 3 " b.[^6172).]Qc92(/2,2. ]Qc/   Ab=2). Ab=]/   2). ])17. WVeuAb=.cJcX0Bb;<b@.~8-}K2%a[/ 5-o9s9(\-5#7*. Z]-/   2). '.q617.)$.3&]-%490 Bb;<b@-Bb;!7*. N ] in_`/+85. zxh gfh mh Oth Ujh |/0)1755Bb;<b@ .{ 9Bb;!7. N ] in_`/+85. '1. deh gfh mh Oth Ujh |/0*0)1755Bb;<b@ * .{9Bb;!7. N .]) 'Ld%a[/6*!7. N .]) '2%/ 'Ld%a[/6*!7. Bb;<b@/p6w9"Ca3>:?;)4,243l!7*. b Tk55SY)17.S!7a[/Bb;<b@9M#(y.d- ]Qc9r&S!*.SkvI.RPa/),2. Ld

Upload: others

Post on 27-Jun-2020

3 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: 01 7 :42 7 $ # 5 %€¦ · 01 7 :42 7 $ # 5 % ! 3 " 61222. ] Qc/ b b= ] / 2).]1. ebccbb2 59. Z] -/ 2). 6134 bbb. N ] 5

01 7

: 42 7

5

3

61 2 2 2.

b b 1 .

e b c c b b 2

5 9 .

61 3 4

b b b .

5.

0 1 5 b b

b .

5. .

0 0 1 5 b b

b .

d .

d .

b b 9 a 2 3 .

5 1 . b b d

. 2.

d

Page 2: 01 7 :42 7 $ # 5 %€¦ · 01 7 :42 7 $ # 5 % ! 3 " 61222. ] Qc/ b b= ] / 2).]1. ebccbb2 59. Z] -/ 2). 6134 bbb. N ] 5

1

] b

c

[ ! (πa [ ω b

8 0

912!ω

32!ω

52!ω

72!ω

( , %a e 6%7 b

c

8

9 +

,

-

.

Page 3: 01 7 :42 7 $ # 5 %€¦ · 01 7 :42 7 $ # 5 % ! 3 " 61222. ] Qc/ b b= ] / 2).]1. ebccbb2 59. Z] -/ 2). 6134 bbb. N ] 5

2

) e R e v ae B [b e

e d b c

[ eb m b | |v = v b

8mv BeR

<

92mv BeR

<

4mv BeR

<

eR Bmv

<

2eR Bmv

<

6Pa7 e c

[ . ) J K mol b

8 (

9 )

+

,

+ a a c

8

9

µ

Page 4: 01 7 :42 7 $ # 5 %€¦ · 01 7 :42 7 $ # 5 % ! 3 " 61222. ] Qc/ b b= ] / 2).]1. ebccbb2 59. Z] -/ 2). 6134 bbb. N ] 5

3

, A α α Eα 6MeV7 b

b Q b Xa c

Q

84EAα

4AEA

α

944

EA

α

− 4AEA

α

44

AEA

α

44

EA

α

2

4 ( 4)A A EA

α− 44

EA

α

2

4 ( 4)A A EA

α− 4EAα

- α γ Nγb b c

8Nγ

α

9 Nγα

(1 )Nγα

α−

( 1)Nγα −

(1 )Nγα

α

. γ n a c

8 a

9

( e

e

b γ p

Page 5: 01 7 :42 7 $ # 5 %€¦ · 01 7 :42 7 $ # 5 % ! 3 " 61222. ] Qc/ b b= ] / 2).]1. ebccbb2 59. Z] -/ 2). 6134 bbb. N ] 5

4

/ T a b a

c

A B CT E E E= − −

[ A B C AE BE CE b

8 C A

9 A b

X A C e

BE b CE b d

[ a ( a

b (C + MV a [b b b Xa

c

[ pE CE pV CV b

8 p CE E= p CV V=

9 p C3E E= p C2V V=

p C6E E= p C2V V=

p C6E E= p C12V V=

p C12E E= p C3V V=

a c (

8 a

9 [ e d

b e

d c d

b e d

Page 6: 01 7 :42 7 $ # 5 %€¦ · 01 7 :42 7 $ # 5 % ! 3 " 61222. ] Qc/ b b= ] / 2).]1. ebccbb2 59. Z] -/ 2). 6134 bbb. N ] 5

5

( b b a c

8 bb e d

9 e d

c d

c 5 bd

a )= . m s b

) e c (

8

9

e g cm (a e

6cm( g 7 a c

[ log e ( 0 ,/) b

8 )

9 -

(

)

+

+ v� M Z e b a

c

8 Z�M�v

9 Z ( M v

Z ( M v

Z ( M v

Z ( M v

Page 7: 01 7 :42 7 $ # 5 %€¦ · 01 7 :42 7 $ # 5 % ! 3 " 61222. ] Qc/ b b= ] / 2).]1. ebccbb2 59. Z] -/ 2). 6134 bbb. N ] 5

6

, c

8

9

- UNSCEAR ( . Reporta [ c

8

9

. a c

8

9 e d

b d

Sv a e d

e % e a

/ c

8

9

( a d c

8

9

ALARA

Page 8: 01 7 :42 7 $ # 5 %€¦ · 01 7 :42 7 $ # 5 % ! 3 " 61222. ] Qc/ b b= ] / 2).]1. ebccbb2 59. Z] -/ 2). 6134 bbb. N ] 5

7

( a d c

8 TLD

9 OSL

(( J RIME [ DRLAe d c

8 IVR

9 X CT

X

() d c

8 / Sr

9 ) I) Cs)-Cs()/Pu

( X e a d

c

8

9

(+ CT a c (

8 CT

9 [ e

a d e

CT a

b [ a

Page 9: 01 7 :42 7 $ # 5 %€¦ · 01 7 :42 7 $ # 5 % ! 3 " 61222. ] Qc/ b b= ] / 2).]1. ebccbb2 59. Z] -/ 2). 6134 bbb. N ] 5

8

(, {) + , - } c

8 (

9 ( +

)

) +

+

(- pm X�b pd Y�a c

8 pd Y�0 bd

9 pd Y� ed b

pm X� ed b

pd Y� b

pm X� b

(. c ( �

8 t

9 F

(/ b /+% d b

/.% b - % a [b e

6%7 c

8 -, (

9 .. -

/ +

/- ,

//

Page 10: 01 7 :42 7 $ # 5 %€¦ · 01 7 :42 7 $ # 5 % ! 3 " 61222. ] Qc/ b b= ] / 2).]1. ebccbb2 59. Z] -/ 2). 6134 bbb. N ] 5

9

) //% Ab / % B C e [

6%7a c

8 . (

9 ./

/ +

/.

//

) X a c

8 Kα X Kβ X

9 a L X [

( e b K X

X a d

e ( ( b X

)( X a c

8 X ed

9 b

b a

a

X CT b a

)) a a c

8 ) cd m ( a

9 ) a

e

a

LED

A

B

C

Page 11: 01 7 :42 7 $ # 5 %€¦ · 01 7 :42 7 $ # 5 % ! 3 " 61222. ] Qc/ b b= ] / 2).]1. ebccbb2 59. Z] -/ 2). 6134 bbb. N ] 5

10

) X CTa e c

8

9

)+ MRI c (

8 FOV

9

TEA

TRA

RF

), b c (

8 STIR

9 Dixon

FLAIR

CHESS

SE EPI

)- MRIa e c

8 FOV

9

×

). ad c

8

9

Page 12: 01 7 :42 7 $ # 5 %€¦ · 01 7 :42 7 $ # 5 % ! 3 " 61222. ] Qc/ b b= ] / 2).]1. ebccbb2 59. Z] -/ 2). 6134 bbb. N ] 5

11

)/ a c (

8

9

X CT ) e b c

8

9

CT

RI b b Xa c

8 ,(Zn ,(Cu

9 ,.Ge ,.Ga. Rb . mKr.(Sr .(Y//Mo //mTc

( a c

8 .Fe

9 .(Rb//Mo()I) I

Page 13: 01 7 :42 7 $ # 5 %€¦ · 01 7 :42 7 $ # 5 % ! 3 " 61222. ] Qc/ b b= ] / 2).]1. ebccbb2 59. Z] -/ 2). 6134 bbb. N ] 5

12

) //mTc e . /% b 6keV7 c

8 ( +

9 )

) +

+

PET a c

8 e

9 µs a

e

b

c [ e d

+ OSEM a c (

8 FBP

9 a

e

d

MLEM

, SPECTa c

8 DPW

9 SSRB

Chang

RAMLA

Sorenson

- a c

8 Patlak Plot b

9 e

TAC a

e a

PETe a

Page 14: 01 7 :42 7 $ # 5 %€¦ · 01 7 :42 7 $ # 5 % ! 3 " 61222. ] Qc/ b b= ] / 2).]1. ebccbb2 59. Z] -/ 2). 6134 bbb. N ] 5

13

. a c (

8 e

9 e

e d

b

/ × a c

8

9

e

e e a

+ a c

8 b

9 b

PET

X CT

+ e c

8 CI

9 HI

D/+%TCP

NTCP

+( e a c (

8 e X

9 b

PDD a

e

e e

Page 15: 01 7 :42 7 $ # 5 %€¦ · 01 7 :42 7 $ # 5 % ! 3 " 61222. ] Qc/ b b= ] / 2).]1. ebccbb2 59. Z] -/ 2). 6134 bbb. N ] 5

14

+) ( e ad c

8

9

+ a ad c

8

9

++ a c

8

9

a MLC d

step and shoot a MLC d X

MLC e

+, ( Gya , Gy a BED c

8 ( )

9

)

-(

), (

+- c

8 , Co

9 (+I)-Cs/(Ir/.Au

Page 16: 01 7 :42 7 $ # 5 %€¦ · 01 7 :42 7 $ # 5 % ! 3 " 61222. ] Qc/ b b= ] / 2).]1. ebccbb2 59. Z] -/ 2). 6134 bbb. N ] 5

15

+. a c

8

9 e

e

a a

e eVa

+/ a d c

8 EPID

9

CT

X

, e b [

a c (

8

9 (

(

Page 17: 01 7 :42 7 $ # 5 %€¦ · 01 7 :42 7 $ # 5 % ! 3 " 61222. ] Qc/ b b= ] / 2).]1. ebccbb2 59. Z] -/ 2). 6134 bbb. N ] 5

16

, b b Xa c

8 W m( kg

9 kg s ( m (

s A

s

m( s ( kg

,( n a i Zi M wia 6cm )7 a c

[ ρ 6g cm )7 NAb

8NAρ

wi ZiMi=1

n

9NAρ

wi MZii=1

n

NAρ

wiM Zii=1

n

ρ NAwi ZiMi=1

n

ρ NAwiM Zii=1

n

,) e cm)a , Co γ

nC [ 6Gy7 c

[ (= ) g cm ) e b

8

9 )

+ (

- )

/

, b bd b Xa c

8

9 Ce

Fe(

Page 18: 01 7 :42 7 $ # 5 %€¦ · 01 7 :42 7 $ # 5 % ! 3 " 61222. ] Qc/ b b= ] / 2).]1. ebccbb2 59. Z] -/ 2). 6134 bbb. N ] 5

17

,+ a ba e V

[b a r a c

8r Vb a−

9re V

b a

( )V

r b a−

log ( / )e

r Vb a

log ( / )e

Vr b a

,, a c

8 msa

9

α a

b Q

a α e β

,- GM a c (

8 e a

9 a β a

[ e

e

a d

,. c

8 Si

9 Ge

BGO

CdTe

CsI Tl

Page 19: 01 7 :42 7 $ # 5 %€¦ · 01 7 :42 7 $ # 5 % ! 3 " 61222. ] Qc/ b b= ] / 2).]1. ebccbb2 59. Z] -/ 2). 6134 bbb. N ] 5

18

,/ e t btb t tb c

[ t tb n nb

b

8b

nn

9bnn

b

nn

bnn

2bnn

⎛ ⎞⎜ ⎟⎝ ⎠

- e c (

8 a

9 A a

e A b

( b [ a ,. )%

B a e d

- c (

8

9

Page 20: 01 7 :42 7 $ # 5 %€¦ · 01 7 :42 7 $ # 5 % ! 3 " 61222. ] Qc/ b b= ] / 2).]1. ebccbb2 59. Z] -/ 2). 6134 bbb. N ] 5

19

-( + =+ pixel ( bit a ) fps e

d 6kB s 7 c

[ d b

8 (+

9 (+

(+

(+

(+

-) b c

8

9

- ( kHz e e d

6µs7 c

8 (+

9 ( +

( +

(+

+

Page 21: 01 7 :42 7 $ # 5 %€¦ · 01 7 :42 7 $ # 5 % ! 3 " 61222. ] Qc/ b b= ] / 2).]1. ebccbb2 59. Z] -/ 2). 6134 bbb. N ] 5

20

-+ ( c

8 a

9 a

bd

a

e

-, a c

8 e a

9 a [

be [ d a

e b

e b

-- IPv, c

8 )(

9 ,

(.

(+,

+ (

Page 22: 01 7 :42 7 $ # 5 %€¦ · 01 7 :42 7 $ # 5 % ! 3 " 61222. ] Qc/ b b= ] / 2).]1. ebccbb2 59. Z] -/ 2). 6134 bbb. N ] 5

21

-. OSI c

8 FTP

9 SSH

UDP

HTTP

SMTP

-/ a c (

8 SSL

9 HL-

DNS

VPN

ICD

. IHEa c

8 [

9 b

[

a [

a e d

.

B 1 e b

2 3

[ e [ B 4 Cb

be e

b b C

1 D 4 e Xa c

1 2 3 4

8

9

Page 23: 01 7 :42 7 $ # 5 %€¦ · 01 7 :42 7 $ # 5 % ! 3 " 61222. ] Qc/ b b= ] / 2).]1. ebccbb2 59. Z] -/ 2). 6134 bbb. N ] 5

22

.( a a c (

8 + d d d

9 a b a

e e ] e d d d

e ] ] [ d be

] a b d

a

.) a [ c

8 .F

9 ,-Ga//mTc) I( Tl

. a b b Xa c

8 (+ µSv )

9 (+ µSv )

(+ µSv )

X ) mSv )

) mSv )

.+ a X c

8 CT

9 X

X

X

- kV X

Page 24: 01 7 :42 7 $ # 5 %€¦ · 01 7 :42 7 $ # 5 % ! 3 " 61222. ] Qc/ b b= ] / 2).]1. ebccbb2 59. Z] -/ 2). 6134 bbb. N ] 5

23

.,

B ae A e

B be e

e C d d

d C

A D C e Xa c

A B C

8

9

.- IECa Patient entrance reference point A

a c

8 Sv

9 Gy

C kg

Gy m(

Gy m (

.. JISa c

8 kVa

9 mAa

X X b a

X b a

X e b

Page 25: 01 7 :42 7 $ # 5 %€¦ · 01 7 :42 7 $ # 5 % ! 3 " 61222. ] Qc/ b b= ] / 2).]1. ebccbb2 59. Z] -/ 2). 6134 bbb. N ] 5

24

./ b Xa c

8 QOL

9 b

e

d

/ B C c

8

9