01/14/01 s2k+1 field training spring 2001. 01/14/01 far 121 air safety pad operational...
TRANSCRIPT
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S2K+1 Field TrainingSpring 2001
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FAR 121 Air Safety “FAR 121 Air Safety “PADPAD””
• Operational Responsibility shared by:
–Pilots
–ATC
–Dispatchers
“Enhancing Aviation Safety Through Collaboration”
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Basic FoundationBasic Foundation
• As stated in the FARs, the aircraft dispatcher and pilot in command are jointly
responsible for planning around and avoiding known or forecasted weather phenomena
that may affect the safety of flight.
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Basic FoundationBasic Foundation
• The FAA through the traffic management system, is responsible for balancing air traffic demand with system capacity to ensure a safe and efficient flow of traffic and not for rerouting aircraft around weather.
• Because severe weather often creates actual or anticipated volume and complexity concerns, the FAA has the responsibility during or in anticipation of severe weather
to address those concerns by use of traffic management
initiatives.
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Airline Operations CentersAirline Operations Centers
A Focus on Flight Dispatch
and the AOC Strategic Planning Team
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AOC OverviewAOC Overview
• Operational Responsibility
• Operational Philosophy
• Dispatch Functions
• Computer Capability
• Aircraft Situation Display
• AOC Strategic Planning Team
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Operational ResponsibilityOperational Responsibility
• Assure Safe Flight Operations:
– Efficient Operational Procedures
– Enhanced Communication Techniques
– Redundancy
– Information
Exchange
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Operational PhilosophyOperational Philosophy
• Air Carriers maintain safe operational control by pilot & dispatcher joint responsibility (FAR 121.533 & 121.535)
– Dispatch & Pilot contract
– Dispatch pre-flight planning
– Dispatch in-flight responsibilities
Shared Responsibility
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Dispatch FunctionsDispatch Functions
Pre-Flight Planning:• Flight Plan Calculation:
– Fuel Computation (FAR 121.639)
– Flight Routing (FAR 121.609)
– Weather Avoidance(FAR 121.601)
– Cancellation or Delay Decisions(FAR 121.533 & 121.535)
– Aircraft Performance (FAR 121.171 through
121.197)
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Dispatch FunctionsDispatch Functions
– Destination Specifications (FAR 121.619)
– Alternate Airport Specifications (FAR 121.625)
– Inoperative Aircraft Items (FAR 121.628)
– Government Regulations (FARs)
– Company Policies(FAA approved Operations Manual)
– Company Business Objectives (Economics)
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Dispatch FunctionsDispatch Functions
• Flight Plan Calculation initiates the Release process:
– Original Flight Release is the dispatcher’s plan of operation
– Pilot reviews the Release
– Flight is authorized to depart once Release is signed by the pilot and dispatcher signifying their agreement
(FAR 121.593 & 121.595)
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Dispatch FunctionsDispatch Functions
In-flight Responsibilities:• Weather updates and flight
plan re-analysis (FAR 121.601)
• Mechanical Irregularities• Medical Emergencies• Aircraft Emergencies• Monitor Flight Progress
(FAR 121.533)
• Information Updates (FAR 121.601)
• Re-dispatch
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Dispatch FunctionsDispatch Functions
Communications:• Constant communication
availability (FAR 121.99):
– Normal flight operations
– Irregular flight operations
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Computer CapabilityComputer Capability
• Computer systems have all essential dispatch functions integrated:– Administrative and supervisory
support functions– Operational dispatch functions
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Computer CapabilityComputer Capability
• Operational Dispatch Functions:– Textual Weather– Icing & Turbulence
Reports– Runway Analysis– Aircraft Routing– Inoperative Aircraft
Components (MEL/CDL Items)
– Weight & Balance
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Computer CapabilityComputer Capability
• Operational Dispatch Functions:– Release and Flight Plan
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Computer CapabilityComputer Capability
• Operational Dispatch Functions:– Monitoring the Progress of Flight (FAR 121.533 & 121.535)
– Airport Arrival Constraints
– Diversion Event Recovery Planning
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Computer CapabilityComputer Capability
• Weather Products Available:– Airline Dispatchers Federation (ADF) Web site– Airline Meteorology Departments– National Weather Service
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Aircraft Situation DisplayAircraft Situation Display
• Features:– National Composite Weather Radar Base Map
– Meteorology Products
– Customized Data Tags
– Route Depictions
– Navigation Aids
– Arrival Fixes
– ARTCC Boundaries
– Code Share Aircraft (if applicable)
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Aircraft Situation DisplayAircraft Situation Display
• Functionality: – Preflight Weather Avoidance Planning
SPT Collaborative RoutePreferred Route
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Aircraft Situation DisplayAircraft Situation Display
• Functionality: – En Route Weather Avoidance Planning
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Strategic Planning TeamStrategic Planning Team
PROBLEM:• Until the spring of 2000, the National Airspace System
(NAS) was operated under one set of rules irrespective of severe weather activity or other limitations to the system.
• Limited collaboration on re-routes
• Equitable access to the NAS broke down during severe weather events.
• 1999 ATA estimated the cost of NAS delays to the airlines and their customers was more than $5 billion.
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Strategic Planning TeamStrategic Planning Team
OBJECTIVE:• Develop a set of guidelines which govern air traffic
operations when the system cannot deliver routine, consistent services due to significant weather activity.
• The guidelines for severe weather events will provide a level of NAS predictability that will enhance safety while preserving efficiency and equability.– Predictability is the key element in preserving safety and
efficiency during SWAP.
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Strategic Planning TeamStrategic Planning Team
– Maximize use of NAS resources
– Allow airlines to operate within their own capabilities and economic objectives
– Exchange information to build collaborative solutions to constraint problems
COLLECTIVE MANDATE:(ATC & Airlines)
• Develop a new set of collaborative “rules-of-the-road” which govern air traffic operations during severe weather and/or heavy traffic events to:
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Strategic Planning TeamStrategic Planning Team
AIR CARRIER MANDATE:• Implement a formal process to enhance collaboration
within the AOC and between the airline and ATC:– Develop a team of AOC specialists to closely work with the
FAA to better manage system traffic flows during constraining events.
– The team of AOC specialists will be the Strategic Planning Team (SPT).
– The SPT’s mission is to make strategic, collaborative decisions which meet the operating goals of the airline during constraining events.
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Strategic Planning TeamStrategic Planning Team
OBJECTIVES OF THE AOC SPT:• Create a daily strategic plan of operations based on known
or forecasted events two to six hours in the future which will allow the airline to safely and reliably achieve its operating goals
• Collaborate with AirTraffic Control
• Provide analysis to critique and improve
current procedures
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Strategic Planning TeamStrategic Planning Team
OBJECTIVES OF THE AOC SPT:(continued)
• Provide support for:
– AOC tactical ATC operation
• Provide a plan for hub diversion recovery
• Establish & maintain open lines of communications to all airline facilities during the planning process and actual event.
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Strategic Planning TeamStrategic Planning Team
OBJECTIVES OF THE AOC SPT:(continued)
• When subject to system constraints that produce delays, cancellations, diversions, etc., the AOC SPT will base decisions on:
– Optimizing system completion factor
– Optimizing system on-time performance
– Maintaining domestic & international connection integrity
– Maintaining bank integrity
– Maintaining Customer First initiatives
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Strategic Planning TeamStrategic Planning Team
LIMITING OPERATIONAL DISRUPTIONS:• There are three very disruptive traffic management
initiatives that adversely impact airports:
– Ground Stop
– Ground Delay Program
– Departure Stop
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Strategic Planning TeamStrategic Planning Team
SPT TIMELINEStrategic Planning
1000z • National Weather Telcon
1115z • Initial SPO published by ATCSCC
• Airlines develop strategy using CCFP, Playbook, and Initial SPO
1215z • Conduct strategic planning telcon
(ATCSCC, ARTCC, Airlines)
• Airline & ATC route coordination
1230-1245z • Issue updated SPO
• Airline conducts internal SPO briefing
1300z • SPT repeats process
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Strategic Planning TeamStrategic Planning Team
SWAP TIMELINETactical Planning
Event -
Flow Constrained Areas (FCA) • User Hotline
Adjustments within event • Telcons
Recovery • Diversion Recovery
Day +1 Analysis • Post Analysis
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Strategic Planning TeamStrategic Planning Team
RESOLVING OPERATIONAL DISRUPTIONS:
• During constraining events, the AOC SPT will attempt to:
– Limit outbound and inbound delays at the hubs to an Air
Carrier determined maximum time value
– Plan maximum out/off time to an Air Carrier determined
maximum time value based on known or anticipated wheels-
up times during a Ground Delay Program
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Strategic Planning TeamStrategic Planning Team
THREE AIR TRANSPORT ASSOCIATION OPERATIONS COORDINATORS AT ATCSCC:
• Principle Objectives– Monitor the National Traffic Management Environment and
take action for the member airlines’ benefit.
– Ensure that member airlines’ perspective is considered.• Host daily ATA member telcons to gain consensus on
operational plan.
– Assist member airlines’ personnel in fostering a productive and effective relationship with ATCSCC personnel.
– Provide resource to ATCSCC management on industry specifics (Operational Control, Airline Structure, etc.)
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Strategic Planning TeamStrategic Planning Team
AOC SPT TOOLS AVAILABLE:• Automated Radar Terminal System (ARTS)• Aircraft Situation Display (ASD)• Flight Schedule Monitor (FSM)• Sector Management Tool (SMT)• Center Tracon Automation System (CTAS)• Common Constraint Situation Display (CCSD)• ATCSCC Web site
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Strategic Planning TeamStrategic Planning Team
AOC SPT COMMUNICATIONS PLAN:• Initiate a communications process within the Air Carrier
which will facilitate the effective implementation and execution of the SPT’s strategic plan of operations.
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SummarySummary
• Airline Operations Centers, Flight Dispatch, and the AOC SPT enhance the safety and operational effectiveness of an Air Carrier’s flight operations.
• Collaboration is essential to manage air traffic in the saturated NAS.
• Commitment to continuousimprovement through advanced technology, joint training, and collaboration.
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