02.anatomy of the teeth - edited

7/27/2019 02.Anatomy of the Teeth - Edited

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Anatomy of the

Teeth


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Tissues of the Tooth

Enamel the hard tissue that covers the

crown portion of the tooth (hardest

substance in the body). Cementum the substance covering the

root surface of the tooth.

Dentin

the material forming the maininner portion of the tooth structure.


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Pulp the vital tissues of the toothconsisting of nerves, blood vessels, and

connective tissue.Pulp chamber open area in center of tooth,

found in the crown area; place for the pulpaltissues.

Pulp canal

small canal or trench area in thecenter of the root, containing the pulpalvessels.


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Parts of a Tooth

Crown top portion of the tooth covered

by enamel.

Clinical crown - portion of the tooth that isvisible in the mouth.

Anatomical crown the total portion of the

crown that is covered by the emanel.


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Root bottom part of the tooth; may be

single-, double-, or triple-root.

Clinical root

portion of the root covered bythe gingival (gum) tissue.

Anatomical root total portion of the root

covered by the cementum.


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Cervix neck the neck of the tooth at

the cementoenamel junction.

Apex

the anatomic area at the end of thetooth root.


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Types of Teeth

The functions of teeth vary, depending on theirindividual shape and size and their location inthe jaws. The three basic food processingfunctions of the teeth are cutting, holding orgrasping, and grinding.

Inc isorsare single-rooted teeth with a relativelysharp thin edge referred to as the incisal edge.Located in the front of the mouth, they aredesigned to cut food without the application ofheavy forces. Central(front teeth) and lateral(distal to the centrals) teeth are incisors.


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Canines, also known as cuspids, are located atthe corner of the arch. They are designed forcutting and tearing foods, which require theapplication of force.

Premolarsare a cross between canines andmolars. An older term for premolar is bicuspid.The pointed cusps hold and grind the food.They have a broader surface for chewing food.There are two sets of premolars in thepermanent dentition and NO premolars in theprimary dentition.


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Molarsare much larger than premolars.

The molars have more cusps than other

teeth that are used to chew or grind upfood. There are two sets of molars in the

primary dentition and three sets of molars

in the permanent dentition.


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In each quadrant there are five permanent

teeth (central, lateral, canine, & premolars)

that succeed or take the place of the fiveprimary teeth (central, lateral, canine, &

molars), they are called succedaneous

teeth. Three permanent molars do notsucceed primary teeth in each quadrant;

therefore they are nonsuccedaneous

teeth.


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Tissues surrounding the Teeth

Alveolar process the extension of themaxilla and mandible that surrounds and

supports the teeth to form the dentalarches.

Alveolar bone the part of the alveolarprocess that lines the bony sockets intowhich the roots of the teeth areembedded.


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Gingiva the mucous membrane tissue

that immediately surrounds the tooth.

Attached gingiva

the portion of the gingivaextending from the gingival margin to the

alveolar mucosa.

Free gingiva

the part of the gingiva thatsurrounds the tooth and is not directly

attached to the tooth surface.


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Surfaces of the Teeth

Facial pertaining to the surface of thecheek and lips (face).

Labial

pertaining to the lips: anterior surfaceof the anterior teeth.

Buccal pertaining to the cheek: surface ofthe posterior teeth touching the cheek.

Lingual

surface of the tooth or areatouching the tongue.


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Incisal edge cutting edge of the anterior

teeth.

Occlusal

chewing surface of theposterior teeth.


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Proximal side wall of tooth which meet

with or touches the side wall of another

tooth.Mesial to the middle: side surface closest to

the middle of the face.

Distal

pertaining to the far or away side:side farthest from the midline of the face.


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Keywords

Enamel

Cementum

Dentin

Pulp Pulp chamber

Pulp canal

Crown

Clinical crown

Anatomic crown Root

Clinical root

Anatomic root

Cervix

Apex Alveolar process

Alveolar bone

Periodontal ligament

Gingiva

Attached gingiva Free gingiva

Labial


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More keywords

Superior oris

Inferior oris

Commissure

Vermillion Philtrum

Frenum

Palate

Hard palate Soft palate

Gag reflex

Uvula

Retromolar pad

Tuberosities

Facial Labial

Buccal

Lingual

Incisal edge Occlusal

Rugae

02.anatomy of the teeth - edited

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