03 - behavioural and social learning approach
DESCRIPTION
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: 03 - Behavioural and social learning approach](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b2039f4a795976418b4578/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
BEHAVIOURISM/SOCIAL LEARNING APPROACH
Pavlov, Skinner, Bandura and Rotter
![Page 2: 03 - Behavioural and social learning approach](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b2039f4a795976418b4578/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
History lesson…
Early 1900s – John Watson If psychology is a
science,we must stop examining mental states!!!
Conditioning is the key to understanding human behaviour!
![Page 3: 03 - Behavioural and social learning approach](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b2039f4a795976418b4578/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Classical Conditioning recap
Pavlov
![Page 4: 03 - Behavioural and social learning approach](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b2039f4a795976418b4578/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Operant conditioning
![Page 5: 03 - Behavioural and social learning approach](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b2039f4a795976418b4578/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Thorndike’s Puzzlebox
![Page 6: 03 - Behavioural and social learning approach](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b2039f4a795976418b4578/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Law of effect
“…responses that produce a satisfying effect in a particular situation become more likely to occur again in that situation, and responses that produce a discomforting effect become less likely to occur again in that situation.”
![Page 7: 03 - Behavioural and social learning approach](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b2039f4a795976418b4578/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Skinner
![Page 8: 03 - Behavioural and social learning approach](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b2039f4a795976418b4578/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Link to personality…
How does conditioning relate to individual differences in personality?
Personality is “the end product of our habit system”…the combination of consistent behaviour patterns brought about by our unique histories of conditioning.
Perso
nal freedom
and dignity are
illusio
ns!
Happiness is
a “by-
product
of opera
nt
reinforce
ment…”
![Page 9: 03 - Behavioural and social learning approach](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b2039f4a795976418b4578/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
SOCIAL LEARNING THEORY
BANDURA
![Page 10: 03 - Behavioural and social learning approach](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b2039f4a795976418b4578/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Reciprocal Determinism
There are both internal and external
determinants of behaviour.
Behaviours, external factors and internal
factors, all influence on another
BEHAVIOUR
EXTERNAL FACTORS INTERNAL FACTORS(rewards/punishments) (beliefs, thoughts)
![Page 11: 03 - Behavioural and social learning approach](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b2039f4a795976418b4578/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
ROTTER
TO PREDICT HUMAN BEHAVIOUR, WE MUST
CONSIDER FACTORS SUCH AS PEOPLE’S PERCEPTIONS,
EXPECTANCIES AND VALUES
ROTTER’S BASIC FORMULA FOR PREDICTING BEHAVIOUR
Behaviour Potential (BP) = Expectancy + Reinforcement value
![Page 12: 03 - Behavioural and social learning approach](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b2039f4a795976418b4578/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
BEHAVIOUR POTENTIAL
The likelihood of a given behaviour occurring in a particular situation.
Dependent on expectancy and reinforcement value.
![Page 13: 03 - Behavioural and social learning approach](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b2039f4a795976418b4578/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Expectancy
“the probability held by the individual that a particular reinforcement will occur as a function of a specific behaviour on his part in a specific situation or situations”
The estimated likelihood of being reinforced.
Rotter proposes we either believe our actions lead us to reinforcements/punishments or that we will have little effect on the reinforcements and punishments received…(LOCUS OF CONTROL)
![Page 14: 03 - Behavioural and social learning approach](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b2039f4a795976418b4578/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Locus of control
A continuum where on one end, people have an extremely internal orientation/locus of control and believe that what happens to them is the results of their own actions.
On the other end, are people with an extreme external locus of control, who maintain what happens is the result of forces outside their control.
![Page 15: 03 - Behavioural and social learning approach](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b2039f4a795976418b4578/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
REINFORCEMENT VALUE
“The degree of preference for any reinforcement to occur if the possibilities of their occurring were all equal”
The value that the reward holds for the individual.