04 0800 hvdc plenary rashwan
TRANSCRIPT
-
7/30/2019 04 0800 Hvdc Plenary Rashwan
1/24
IEEE 2011 Electrical Power and Energy Conference
State of the VSC technology
October 2011Presented by
Dr. Mohamed RashwanTransGrid Solutions
-
7/30/2019 04 0800 Hvdc Plenary Rashwan
2/24
IEEE 2011 Electrical Power and Energy Conference
LCCdevelopment
Firstthyristorvalvesystemin1972EelRiver.Aircooledthyristorvalves320MWBacktoBack.Togetthecurrentrangof2000A,4thyristorsare
connectedinparallel.
In1978firstwatercooledthyristorsysteminNelsonRiverratedat2000MW.Togetthecurrentrangof2000Atwothyristorswereconnectedinparallel.
In2004ThreeGorgesat3000MW.Noparallelconneconofthyristors.Theintroduconof5inchthyristorsof8kVand3500A(32yearsaSer
thefirstthyristorscheme)
In2009Introduconof6inchthyristorsanddcpowerupto6000MWperbipoleat+/-800kV(37yearsaSerthefirstthyristorscheme)
2
-
7/30/2019 04 0800 Hvdc Plenary Rashwan
3/24
IEEE 2011 Electrical Power and Energy Conference
VCdevelopment
1997Hellsjnexperimentalprojectat3MW 2002CrossoundCableat330MWand+/-150kV(5yearsaSerHellsjn)
2010TransBayat400MWand+/-200kV.Thisintroducedthefirstmul-levelconverter(13yearsaSerHellsjn)
2012VCupto500kVand700MWconverter(14yearsaSerHellsjn)
3
-
7/30/2019 04 0800 Hvdc Plenary Rashwan
4/24
IEEE 2011 Electrical Power and Energy Conference
4
Reactive Power requirements Does not consume any reactivepower and each terminal can
independently control its
reactive power.
Filtering Requires moderate size filter banks or no filters at all.
Black start Capable of black start and
feeding passive loads
AC system short circuit level Not critical at all
Commutation failureperformance
Does not fail commutation
Over load capability Does not have any overloadcapability
Application with overheadlines
Can be applied but dc linefaults are critical
Small taps Economic and seems not affectthe performance
Load rejection over voltage not large because of small sizeof filters if required.
Foot print Small for the comparable rating toan LCC
Off shore wind farms Straight forward application
Power losses Approximately 0.9% per terminal
-
7/30/2019 04 0800 Hvdc Plenary Rashwan
5/24
IEEE 2011 Electrical Power and Energy Conference
VSCHVDCtransmissionConfigura2on Inymmetricalmono-polarconfiguraonwheretheconvertersareconnectedbetweentwohighvoltageconductorsofoppositepolarity.The
groundreferencecanbeprovidedthroughhighimpedance.
5
Positive conductor
Negative conductor
VSC based HVDC link with symmetrical mono-polar configuration
-
7/30/2019 04 0800 Hvdc Plenary Rashwan
6/24
IEEE 2011 Electrical Power and Energy Conference
VSCHVDCtransmissionConfigura2on Thistypeofconfiguraonhasbeenusedforthetwoorthreelevelconverter
6
Symmetrical mono-polar configuration with dc capacitor mid
point grounding
-
7/30/2019 04 0800 Hvdc Plenary Rashwan
7/24
IEEE 2011 Electrical Power and Energy Conference
VSCHVDCtransmissionConfigura2on
7
Positive
dc Voltage
Idc
Negative
dc
Voltage Idc
VSC bipolar arrangement
-
7/30/2019 04 0800 Hvdc Plenary Rashwan
8/24
IEEE 2011 Electrical Power and Energy Conference
IGBTs
IGBTsfortheVCapplicaonscanbepress-packorwirebonded
Press-packIGBTnosolderorwirebondjointssimilarinphysicalshapeasthyristorsandFailssafeshortcircuit
Wirebonded:mayexplodeonfailure
8
-
7/30/2019 04 0800 Hvdc Plenary Rashwan
9/24
IEEE 2011 Electrical Power and Energy Conference
Mul2-chipdesignofIGBT(fromABB)
takPakIGBThastwo,three,fourorsixsub-modules.Thenumberofsub-
modulesisselectedbasedonthecurrentrangoftheapplicaon
9
The largest type of a reverse
conducting press pack comprising 48 IGBT and 24 diode
chips
has a rating of 4500V and 2000A
-
7/30/2019 04 0800 Hvdc Plenary Rashwan
10/24
IEEE 2011 Electrical Power and Energy Conference
IGBT3300V1200AMitsubishi
10
-
7/30/2019 04 0800 Hvdc Plenary Rashwan
11/24
IEEE 2011 Electrical Power and Energy Conference
11
Ud/2
Id
Ud/2
Uac
t
Uac
Ud/2
-Ud/2
Iac
VSC basic principles
-
7/30/2019 04 0800 Hvdc Plenary Rashwan
12/24
IEEE 2011 Electrical Power and Energy Conference
12
VSC basic principles
Ud/2
Id
Ud/2
Uac
t
Uac
Ud/2
-Ud/2
Iac
-
7/30/2019 04 0800 Hvdc Plenary Rashwan
13/24
IEEE 2011 Electrical Power and Energy Conference
13
VSC basic principles
Ud/2
Id
Ud/2
Uac
t
Uac
Ud/2
-Ud/2
Iac
Uac can be set to Ud/2 or Ud/2 independent of Iac, hence the name Voltage Source
-
7/30/2019 04 0800 Hvdc Plenary Rashwan
14/24
IEEE 2011 Electrical Power and Energy Conference
14
Uac1
Uac2
Uacn
Ud1
Ud2
Udn
Uac1
t
Ud1
Uac2
t
Ud2
Uacn3
t
Ud3
Uac
t
Uac
Multi level converter
-
7/30/2019 04 0800 Hvdc Plenary Rashwan
15/24
IEEE 2011 Electrical Power and Energy Conference
15
VSC ~
UcnvUsys
Icnv
X
Usys
UcnvUsys-UcnvIcnv=(Usys-Ucnv)/jX
Case 1: Coverter absorbing reactive power
Usys
Ucnv
Usys-Ucnv
Icnv
Case 2: Converter producing reactive power
Icnv
Reactive Power
-
7/30/2019 04 0800 Hvdc Plenary Rashwan
16/24
IEEE 2011 Electrical Power and Energy Conference
16
Usys
Ucnv
Usys-Ucnv
Icnv
Converter absorbing active power
Usys
Ucnv
Usys-UcnvIcnv
Converter producing active power
Active power is primarily determined by
angle Delta
Active Power
-
7/30/2019 04 0800 Hvdc Plenary Rashwan
17/24
IEEE 2011 Electrical Power and Energy Conference
17
P
Q
Max Q, nominal
AC voltage
Max MVA- mainlytransformer MVA limit
Max Q, MaxAC voltage
P-Q diagram
-
7/30/2019 04 0800 Hvdc Plenary Rashwan
18/24
IEEE 2011 Electrical Power and Energy Conference
18
-
7/30/2019 04 0800 Hvdc Plenary Rashwan
19/24
IEEE 2011 Electrical Power and Energy Conference
19
Cigre paper 2010 B4-203
Performance
-
7/30/2019 04 0800 Hvdc Plenary Rashwan
20/24
IEEE 2011 Electrical Power and Energy Conference
20
-
7/30/2019 04 0800 Hvdc Plenary Rashwan
21/24
IEEE 2011 Electrical Power and Energy Conference
21
Cigre paper 2010 B4-203
IGBT performance
-
7/30/2019 04 0800 Hvdc Plenary Rashwan
22/24
-
7/30/2019 04 0800 Hvdc Plenary Rashwan
23/24
IEEE 2011 Electrical Power and Energy Conference
Conclusions
TheVCtechnologyisdevelopingfastandtheconverterrangsareincreasing.Inmyopinionwewillseerangsintherangeof2000MW
comingintothemarketinfewyears
TheVCmul-levelconverterisbecomingthebaseforthetechnology Thedevelopmentsofthedcgridswillcreatealotofopportunityforresearchanddevelopment.Thisisrealbecauseitisbeingpropelledbythe
integraonofrenewablesandthewillofgovernmentsmostlyinthe
Europeancommunity
Finallyweneedtosolvetheissueoftheoverheadlinedcfault.Whether,afastdcbreaker,circuittopology,oranyothermeans
23
-
7/30/2019 04 0800 Hvdc Plenary Rashwan
24/24
IEEE 2011 Electrical Power and Energy Conference
24
Thank You