04 method of extinction
TRANSCRIPT
8/7/2019 04 Method of Extinction.
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/04-method-of-extinction 1/59
METHODS OFMETHODS OF
EXTINCTIONEXTINCTION
8/7/2019 04 Method of Extinction.
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/04-method-of-extinction 2/59
Methods of Extinction
� 1. Starvation. (Removal of Fuel)
� 2. Cooling. (Removal of heat)
� 3. Smothering or blanketing and( removal or dilution of air)
� 4. Chemical interference. (Coolingthe fuel to a point where
combustion vapours are no longer
evolved)
8/7/2019 04 Method of Extinction.
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/04-method-of-extinction 3/59
8/7/2019 04 Method of Extinction.
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/04-method-of-extinction 4/59
FIRE TRIANGLEFIRE TRIANGLE
FUEL
8/7/2019 04 Method of Extinction.
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/04-method-of-extinction 5/59
8/7/2019 04 Method of Extinction.
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/04-method-of-extinction 6/59
FIRE TRIANGLEFIRE TRIANGLE
FUEL
8/7/2019 04 Method of Extinction.
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/04-method-of-extinction 7/59
8/7/2019 04 Method of Extinction.
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/04-method-of-extinction 8/59
FIRE TRIANGLEFIRE TRIANGLE
FUEL
8/7/2019 04 Method of Extinction.
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/04-method-of-extinction 9/59
8/7/2019 04 Method of Extinction.
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/04-method-of-extinction 10/59
PORTABLE FIREPORTABLE FIREEXTINGUISHERSEXTINGUISHERS
8/7/2019 04 Method of Extinction.
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/04-method-of-extinction 11/59
TYPES OF EXTINGUISHERSTYPES OF EXTINGUISHERS
EXTINGUISHERS FALL INTO FIVEEXTINGUISHERS FALL INTO FIVEMAINMAIN CATEGORIESCATEGORIES
WaterWater FoamFoam
Dry Chemical PowderDry Chemical Powder
Halogenated HydrocarbonsHalogenated Hydrocarbons Carbon DioxideCarbon Dioxide
8/7/2019 04 Method of Extinction.
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/04-method-of-extinction 12/59
DCP extinguisher DCP extinguisher
Parts:Parts:
Inner ContainerInner Container
Outer Container (DCP)Outer Container (DCP)
COCO22 CartridgeCartridge
Discharge Hose with NozzleDischarge Hose with Nozzle
DCP ( Dry Chemical Powder)DCP ( Dry Chemical Powder)
�� Sodium bicarbonateSodium bicarbonate
�� Potassium BicarbonatePotassium Bicarbonate
�� Mono ammonium PhosphateMono ammonium Phosphate
8/7/2019 04 Method of Extinction.
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/04-method-of-extinction 13/59
8/7/2019 04 Method of Extinction.
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/04-method-of-extinction 14/59
8/7/2019 04 Method of Extinction.
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/04-method-of-extinction 15/59
8/7/2019 04 Method of Extinction.
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/04-method-of-extinction 16/59
FoamFoam
Types:Types: Protein FoamProtein Foam
Flora Protein FoamFlora Protein Foam
SyntheticSynthetic
AFFF (Aqueous Film Forming Foam)AFFF (Aqueous Film Forming Foam)
ApplicationApplication
Acting as vapour seal over the fuel ( block the air)Acting as vapour seal over the fuel ( block the air)
Cooling the area with water content of foamCooling the area with water content of foam
PropertiesProperties
Expansion, Spreading, Sealing & Film Forming.Expansion, Spreading, Sealing & Film Forming.
8/7/2019 04 Method of Extinction.
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/04-method-of-extinction 17/59
8/7/2019 04 Method of Extinction.
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/04-method-of-extinction 18/59
8/7/2019 04 Method of Extinction.
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/04-method-of-extinction 19/59
8/7/2019 04 Method of Extinction.
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/04-method-of-extinction 20/59
Flammable liquid spill fire using dryFlammable liquid spill fire using dry
chemicalchemical Approach the fire fromApproach the fire from
the upwind side holdingthe upwind side holding
the nozzle at 45 degreesthe nozzle at 45 degrees
angle.angle.
Slide 1
8/7/2019 04 Method of Extinction.
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/04-method-of-extinction 21/59
Flammable liquid spill fire using dryFlammable liquid spill fire using dry
chemicalchemical Direct the stream of dryDirect the stream of dry
chemical 6 inches aheadchemical 6 inches ahead
of the flame edge.of the flame edge.
Slide 2
8/7/2019 04 Method of Extinction.
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/04-method-of-extinction 22/59
Flammable liquid spill fire using dryFlammable liquid spill fire using dry
chemicalchemical
Direct the dry chemicalDirect the dry chemical
stream using a rapidstream using a rapid
side to side sweepingside to side sweeping
motion. Each sweep of motion. Each sweep of the dry chemical streamthe dry chemical stream
must be slightly wider must be slightly wider
than the near edge of thethan the near edge of the
fire. Advance slowlyfire. Advance slowlyworking the fire to theworking the fire to the
back edge of the spill. back edge of the spill. Slide 1Slide 1Slide 3
8/7/2019 04 Method of Extinction.
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/04-method-of-extinction 23/59
Flammable liquid spill fire using dryFlammable liquid spill fire using dry
chemicalchemical
Extinguish the small fireExtinguish the small fire
at the back edge of theat the back edge of the
spill by aiming directlyspill by aiming directly
at the flame .Do notat the flame .Do notraise the nozzle to chaseraise the nozzle to chase
the fire ball.the fire ball.
Slide 4
8/7/2019 04 Method of Extinction.
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/04-method-of-extinction 24/59
Flammable liquid spill fire withFlammable liquid spill fire with
obstacle using dry chemicalobstacle using dry chemical
Approach the fire fromApproach the fire from
the up wind sidethe up wind side
holding nozzle at a 45holding nozzle at a 45
degrees angle.degrees angle.
Slide 1Slide 1
8/7/2019 04 Method of Extinction.
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/04-method-of-extinction 25/59
Flammable liquid spill fire withFlammable liquid spill fire with
obstacle using dry chemicalobstacle using dry chemical
Direct both streams of Direct both streams of
dry chemical 6 inchesdry chemical 6 inches
ahead of the flame edgeahead of the flame edge
Slide 2
8/7/2019 04 Method of Extinction.
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/04-method-of-extinction 26/59
Flammable liquid spill fire withFlammable liquid spill fire with
obstacle using dry chemicalobstacle using dry chemical
Advance slowly aroundAdvance slowly around
each side of the obstacleeach side of the obstacle
.Each operator should.Each operator should
cover two thirds of thecover two thirds of thefire area using a side tofire area using a side to
side sweeping motionside sweeping motion
Slide 3
8/7/2019 04 Method of Extinction.
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/04-method-of-extinction 27/59
Flammable liquid spill fire withFlammable liquid spill fire with
obstacle using dry chemicalobstacle using dry chemical
Extinguish the fireExtinguish the fire
remaining behind theremaining behind the
obstacle by aiming bothobstacle by aiming both
the streams directly atthe streams directly atthe flamethe flame
Slide 4
8/7/2019 04 Method of Extinction.
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/04-method-of-extinction 28/59
Flammable liquid fire in depthFlammable liquid fire in depth usingusing
dry chemicaldry chemical
Approach the fire fromApproach the fire from
the upwind direction,the upwind direction,
holding the nozzle at 45holding the nozzle at 45
deg angle.deg angle.
Slide 1
8/7/2019 04 Method of Extinction.
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/04-method-of-extinction 29/59
Flammable liquid fire in depthFlammable liquid fire in depth usingusing
dry chemicaldry chemical
Direct the dry chemicalDirect the dry chemical
stream at the up windstream at the up wind
corner of the fire, 6corner of the fire, 6
inches ahead of the lipinches ahead of the lipof the pan. Make a slowof the pan. Make a slow
pass across the front pass across the front
edge of the pan, makingedge of the pan, making
sure to over lap eachsure to over lap eachside by 6 inches.side by 6 inches.
Slide 2
8/7/2019 04 Method of Extinction.
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/04-method-of-extinction 30/59
Flammable liquid fire in depthFlammable liquid fire in depth usingusing
dry chemicaldry chemical
Direct the dry chemicalDirect the dry chemical
stream using rapid sidestream using rapid side
to side sweepingto side sweeping
motion. Each sweep of motion. Each sweep of the dry chemical streamthe dry chemical stream
must be slightlymust be slightly
Slide 3
8/7/2019 04 Method of Extinction.
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/04-method-of-extinction 31/59
Flammable liquid fire in depthFlammable liquid fire in depth usingusing
dry chemicaldry chemical
Raise the dry chemicalRaise the dry chemical
stream slightly butstream slightly but
continue to hold thecontinue to hold the
nozzle at 45 degressnozzle at 45 degressangle. This isangle. This is
accomplished by raisingaccomplished by raising
the extinguisher. Work the extinguisher. Work
the flames to onethe flames to one
Slide 4
8/7/2019 04 Method of Extinction.
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/04-method-of-extinction 32/59
Gravity fed fire using dry chemicalGravity fed fire using dry chemical
Approach the fire fromApproach the fire from
the upwind side holdingthe upwind side holding
the nozzle at a 45the nozzle at a 45
degrees angle.degrees angle.
Slide 1
8/7/2019 04 Method of Extinction.
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/04-method-of-extinction 33/59
Gravity fed fire using dry chemicalGravity fed fire using dry chemical
Extinguish flammableExtinguish flammable
liquid spill fire firstliquid spill fire first
using a side to sideusing a side to side
sweeping motion.sweeping motion.
Slide 2
8/7/2019 04 Method of Extinction.
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/04-method-of-extinction 34/59
Gravity fed fire using dry chemicalGravity fed fire using dry chemical
Raise dry chemicalRaise dry chemical
stream to the bottom of stream to the bottom of
the plate andthe plate and
momentarily hold there.momentarily hold there.
Slide 3
8/7/2019 04 Method of Extinction.
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/04-method-of-extinction 35/59
Gravity fed fire using dry chemicalGravity fed fire using dry chemical
Continue to raise dryContinue to raise dry
chemical streamchemical stream
extinguishing the fuelextinguishing the fuel
source last.source last.
Slide 4
8/7/2019 04 Method of Extinction.
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/04-method-of-extinction 36/59
THREEDIMENSIONAL GRAVITY FED FIRETHREEDIMENSIONAL GRAVITY FED FIRE
USING DRY CHEMICALUSING DRY CHEMICAL
Approach the fire in upApproach the fire in up
wind direction, holdingwind direction, holding
the nozzle at a 45the nozzle at a 45
degree angle.degree angle.
Slide 1
8/7/2019 04 Method of Extinction.
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/04-method-of-extinction 37/59
THREEDIMENSIONAL GRAVITY FED FIRETHREEDIMENSIONAL GRAVITY FED FIRE
USING DRY CHEMICALUSING DRY CHEMICAL
Make a very slow passMake a very slow pass
across the front edge of across the front edge of
the flammable liquidthe flammable liquid
spill. Be sure that thespill. Be sure that thespill is completelyspill is completely
extinguished beforeextinguished before
moving on .Do notmoving on .Do not
Slide 2
8/7/2019 04 Method of Extinction.
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/04-method-of-extinction 38/59
THREEDIMENSIONAL GRAVITY FED FIRETHREEDIMENSIONAL GRAVITY FED FIRE
USING DRY CHEMICALUSING DRY CHEMICAL
Raise the dry chemicalRaise the dry chemical
stream to front lip of thestream to front lip of the
dip tank. Extinguish thedip tank. Extinguish the
dip tank fire.dip tank fire.
Slide 3
8/7/2019 04 Method of Extinction.
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/04-method-of-extinction 39/59
THREEDIMENSIONAL GRAVITY FED FIRETHREEDIMENSIONAL GRAVITY FED FIRE
USING DRY CHEMICALUSING DRY CHEMICAL
Direct the dry chemicalDirect the dry chemical
stream up the traystream up the tray
pushing the fire to pushing the fire to
wards the fuel source.wards the fuel source.Extinguish fuel sourceExtinguish fuel source
last.last.
Slide 4
8/7/2019 04 Method of Extinction.
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/04-method-of-extinction 40/59
FLAMMABLE LIQUID PRESSURE FIRE USINGFLAMMABLE LIQUID PRESSURE FIRE USING
DRY CHEMICALDRY CHEMICAL
Approach the fire fromApproach the fire from
the up wind directionthe up wind direction
Slide 1
8/7/2019 04 Method of Extinction.
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/04-method-of-extinction 41/59
FLAMMABLE LIQUID PRESSURE FIRE USINGFLAMMABLE LIQUID PRESSURE FIRE USING
DRY CHEMICALDRY CHEMICAL
Direct the dry chemicalDirect the dry chemical
at the fuel sourceat the fuel source
Slide 2
8/7/2019 04 Method of Extinction.
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/04-method-of-extinction 42/59
FLAMMABLE LIQUID PRESSURE FIRE USINGFLAMMABLE LIQUID PRESSURE FIRE USING
DRY CHEMICALDRY CHEMICAL
Move the dry chemicalMove the dry chemical
down the stream of down the stream of
escaping fuelescaping fuel
Slide 3
8/7/2019 04 Method of Extinction.
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/04-method-of-extinction 43/59
FLAMMABLE LIQUID PRESSURE FIRE USINGFLAMMABLE LIQUID PRESSURE FIRE USING
DRY CHEMICALDRY CHEMICAL
Extinguish remainingExtinguish remaining
spill fire using a rapidspill fire using a rapid
side to side sweepingside to side sweeping
motion.motion. Note: In some cases it Note: In some cases it
may not be desirable tomay not be desirable to
extinguish the fireextinguish the fire
unless the fuel supplyunless the fuel supplycan be shut off can be shut off
Slide 4
8/7/2019 04 Method of Extinction.
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/04-method-of-extinction 44/59
Flammable Gas pressure fire using Dry ChemicalFlammable Gas pressure fire using Dry Chemical
Approach the fire fromApproach the fire from
the upwind side.the upwind side.
Slide 1
8/7/2019 04 Method of Extinction.
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/04-method-of-extinction 45/59
Flammable Gas pressure fire using Dry ChemicalFlammable Gas pressure fire using Dry Chemical
Direct the dry chemicalDirect the dry chemical
stream at the fuelstream at the fuel
source.source.
Slide 2
8/7/2019 04 Method of Extinction.
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/04-method-of-extinction 46/59
Flammable Gas pressure fire using Dry ChemicalFlammable Gas pressure fire using Dry Chemical
Move the dry chemicalMove the dry chemical
up the stream of up the stream of
escaping gas.escaping gas.
Slide 3
8/7/2019 04 Method of Extinction.
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/04-method-of-extinction 47/59
Flammable Gas pressure fire using Dry ChemicalFlammable Gas pressure fire using Dry Chemical
Continue moving theContinue moving the
dry chemical streamdry chemical stream
upward until the fireupward until the fire
ball is extinguished. ball is extinguished. Note: In some cases it Note: In some cases it
may not be desirable tomay not be desirable to
extinguish this fireextinguish this fire
unless the fuel supplyunless the fuel supplycan be shut off.can be shut off.
Slide 4
8/7/2019 04 Method of Extinction.
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/04-method-of-extinction 48/59
LPG FIRE USING WATER & DRY CHEMICALLPG FIRE USING WATER & DRY CHEMICAL
Approach the tank onApproach the tank on
fire from a broad sidefire from a broad side
position using the wind position using the wind
to advantage. Adjust theto advantage. Adjust thewater nozzle to fogwater nozzle to fog
position. position.
Slide 1
8/7/2019 04 Method of Extinction.
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/04-method-of-extinction 49/59
LPG FIRE USING WATER & DRY CHEMICALLPG FIRE USING WATER & DRY CHEMICAL
Open the water nozzleOpen the water nozzle
first and direct thefirst and direct the
stream on the LPG tank stream on the LPG tank
.The dry chemical.The dry chemicaloperator should be openoperator should be open
and direct the stream atand direct the stream at
the fuel source.the fuel source.
Slide 2
8/7/2019 04 Method of Extinction.
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/04-method-of-extinction 50/59
LPG FIRE USING WATER & DRY CHEMICALLPG FIRE USING WATER & DRY CHEMICAL
Move the dry chemicalMove the dry chemical
down from the stream of down from the stream of
escaping fuel to the groundescaping fuel to the ground
spill and with a side to sidespill and with a side to side
sweeping motion extinguishsweeping motion extinguish
the spill fire. If tank the spill fire. If tank
supports acts as an obstacle,supports acts as an obstacle,
a two point application of a two point application of
dry chemical may bedry chemical may berequired.required.
Slide 3
8/7/2019 04 Method of Extinction.
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/04-method-of-extinction 51/59
LPG FIRE USING WATER & DRY CHEMICALLPG FIRE USING WATER & DRY CHEMICAL
Continue cooling withContinue cooling withwater .Close supplywater .Close supplyvalve to stop fuel flowvalve to stop fuel flow.Dry chemical operator .Dry chemical operator should stand by in caseshould stand by in caseof reflash.of reflash.
Note:Note: The simultaneousThe simultaneoususe of water and dryuse of water and drychemical combine tochemical combine tomake a highly effectivemake a highly effectivefire fighting toolfire fighting tool
Slide 4
8/7/2019 04 Method of Extinction.
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/04-method-of-extinction 52/59
LPG FIRE USING WATER & DRY CHEMICALLPG FIRE USING WATER & DRY CHEMICAL
Continue cooling withContinue cooling withwater .Close supplywater .Close supplyvalve to stop fuel flowvalve to stop fuel flow.Dry chemical operator .Dry chemical operator should stand by in caseshould stand by in caseof reflash.of reflash.
Note:Note: The simultaneousThe simultaneoususe of water and dryuse of water and drychemical combine tochemical combine tomake a highly effectivemake a highly effectivefire fighting toolfire fighting tool
Slide 4
8/7/2019 04 Method of Extinction.
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/04-method-of-extinction 53/59
POINTS TO REMEMBER IN CASEPOINTS TO REMEMBER IN CASE
OF FIREOF FIRE
1.1. Raise the alarm.Raise the alarm.
2.2. Choose the correct extinguisher.Choose the correct extinguisher.
3.3. Test it.Test it.4.4. Approach with the wind behind you. Approach with the wind behind you.
5.5. Walk. Don¶t run.Walk. Don¶t run.
6.6. After use After use ± ± recharge & return to the firerecharge & return to the firepoint.point.
8/7/2019 04 Method of Extinction.
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/04-method-of-extinction 54/59
HeatHeat
TransmissionTransmission
8/7/2019 04 Method of Extinction.
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/04-method-of-extinction 55/59
ConductionConductionConduction is the transfer of heat through aConduction is the transfer of heat through a
material medium from regions of highmaterial medium from regions of hightemperature to regions of lower temperaturetemperature to regions of lower temperature
without any transfer of the bulk of the materialwithout any transfer of the bulk of the material
from the hotter to the colder parts.from the hotter to the colder parts.
8/7/2019 04 Method of Extinction.
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/04-method-of-extinction 56/59
ConvectionConvection
Convection is the transfer of heat in fluids byConvection is the transfer of heat in fluids bymovement of the hotter parts of the fluid frommovement of the hotter parts of the fluid from
the source of heat.the source of heat.
8/7/2019 04 Method of Extinction.
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/04-method-of-extinction 57/59
RadiationRadiation
Radiation is when heat in the formRadiation is when heat in the form
electromagnetic waves is transferred fromelectromagnetic waves is transferred from
source to receiver without heating thesource to receiver without heating the
intervening medium or without the existenceintervening medium or without the existence
of a material medium.of a material medium.
8/7/2019 04 Method of Extinction.
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/04-method-of-extinction 58/59
Thank UThank U
8/7/2019 04 Method of Extinction.
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/04-method-of-extinction 59/59