natural refrigerants faster to market

commercial refrigeration with low GWP alternatives

Christianna Papazahariou

JOINT MEETING OF THE REGIONAL OZONE NETWORKS

FOR EUROPE & CENTRAL ASIA AND SOUTH ASIA

ISTANBUL, TURKEY, 26-30 APRIL 2010

agenda

๏ about shecco

๏ CO2 commercial refrigeration case study presentation

about shecco

๏ innovative _ B2B marketing & communications company

๏ focus _ climate friendly technologies

๏ values _ openness, innovation and sustainability

๏ expertise _ HVAC&R and transport sectors

๏ mission _ climate-friendly technologies faster to market

80+ customers worldwide

THENATURALVOICE

shecco on-line platforms

๏ shecco manages 3 business-to-business web platforms...

๏ ...and campaigns intended to policy-media-general public

๏ all promoting natural refrigerants technology

ATMOsphere 2010๏ Brussels,

September 27-28๏ before MOP22,

COP16๏ registration opens

May๏ ATMOsphere 2011,

Washington DC ๏ ATMOsphere 2012

Shanghai

ATMOsphere 2010

๏ interactive workshop concept where industry meets policy

๏ discussion in small groups containing a mix of all relevant stakeholders

๏ distribution of outcomes from the workshops in summary report presented at Chillventa 2010, COP16, 30th OEWG

๏ funded participation of representatives from developing countries

agenda

๏ about shecco

๏ CO2 commercial refrigeration case study presentation

case study: turkey

๏ Montreal Protocol: Turkey operates under Article 5 - is legally required to phase out ODS by 2010

๏ good track record on ODS so far: Turkey received MP award as one of the 9 most successful Article 5 countries in implementing the treaty

๏ Kyoto Protocol : Turkey signed only recently (Feb 2009) -is not an Annex B country (not obliged to reduce GHG emissions to 1990 levels between 2008- 2012)

๏ among all Annex I countries,Turkey has the highest rate of increase in GHG since 1990 (82 %), is the 24th largest carbon emitting country in the world

case study: bahçelievler carrefour

๏ retailer: Carrefour group - Carrefour Sabancı Ticaret Merkezi A.Ş.,

๏ store location: Istanbul, Turkey

๏ store opening: August 2009

๏ working hours: 10:00 am - 10:00 pm

๏ sales area: 7,778 m2

system type & layout

๏ CO2-R404 cascade system

๏ LT refrigeration: CO2

๏ MT refrigeration: R404a

๏ involved partners:

๏ commission/installation: Cözüm Soğutma

๏ CO2 system design: enEX

๏ CO2 compressors: Dorin (CETINEL)

๏ system management: CAREL

store layout & location of system

๏ CO2 in deep-freeze zones and one island refrigeration system

motivation for switch - overview

๏ technology: replacement potential to HCFCs

๏ market: availability, penetration rates, personnel

๏ environment: ODP, GWP, direct emissions, energy savings

๏ costs: system, installation, operation, maintenance, end-of-life

๏ safety: reliability, use restrictions, safety regulations

๏ CO2 cascade systems one of the most consolidated solutions

๏ standardised system and component solutions developed

๏ no major technical challenges left

๏ Carrefour: undertook a diagnosis of its refrigeration equipment and leakage rates and decided for climate-friendly refrigeration systems in new stores - as replacement for obsolete systems

technology drivers

๏ system uses copper pipes resisting higher pressure

๏due to higher volumetric refrigeration capacity than R404a, CO2 needs significantly smaller pipe diameter

๏ CO2 compressor for cascade system has significantly smaller dimensions and motor size than comparable R404a DX model

๏ CO2 cascade systems widely available in Europe: several thousands in Denmark, Scandinavia, Switzerland, Austria, Germany, UK - now starting in Canada, USA

๏ gained expertise from developed countries can be used by developing countries and markets not familiar with the systems

๏ components availability and expertise constantly growing

๏ Carrefour: market penetration of CO2 commercial refrigeration further accelerated with more widely available qualified contractors. Relevant for countries outside the EU, and more particularly in Asia and Latin America

market drivers

๏ CO2 cascade system eliminates presence of HCFCs and largely reduces HFC use throughout the entire installation

๏ CO2 occurs naturally, ODP = 0, a GWP = 1

๏ direct emissions: reduced significantly

๏ indirect emissions / energy use: in cascade solutions in warm climates a highly energy-efficient solution

๏ Carrefour: GHG emissions control is taking priority in the construction of food retail stores worldwide. Carrefour needs to retrofit up to 700 stores by 2015 with 500 tones of R22

environmental drivers

๏ Carrefour: “HFC is not a sustainable technology solution in the long term” and it will be used “only if there are no other technically feasible, secure, low-cost and environmentally friendly solutions” to HCFCs

๏ Carrefour supports “the technical developments with natural fluids and hydrocarbons”

๏ Carrefour: where F-gases are still used - as in this case - leakages must be reduced as much as possible with a stricter containment policy

environmental drivers (2)

๏ refrigeration systems take the largest share of energy consumption in Carrefour stores up to a floor size of 2500 m2

๏ baseline: 2004 for 25% less energy consumption by 2020

๏ CO2 cascade system is up to 40% more energy-efficient than comparable system used before (saving: 41,659.20 kW/year)

๏ result: several markets already compliant

energy use drivers

costs drivers

๏ standardisation of systems and components has reduced price for system design, installation, maintenance

๏ serial production and wider adoption in more world markets will bring down costs again

๏ higher prices of chemical refrigerants and expected cost from F-gases legislation make systems still more cost-competitive

๏ Carrefour: decided to invest in CO2 cascade systems because they have become more affordable & make sense for an investor. 10 stores in France, Belgium, Italy, and Turkey have already been retrofitted to CO2 refrigeration - up to 700

๏ CO2 installation: similar costs as HFC-only system

๏ further cost reduction expected with more market demand & economies of scale

๏ compressor: CO2 model 6 times less expensive than R404a equivalent

๏ operation: savings of 4,700 USD/year from energy bill alone (compared to system used before)

๏ maintenance: similar costs as HFC-only system; no maintenance in 10 months needed

costs data

๏ all natural refrigerants have been proven to work safely and reliably when following established safety guidelines

๏ challenge: non-harmonised safety regulation and standards as regards the use of flammable and toxic substances

๏ cascade systems combining natural refrigerants only available: CO2-ammonia, CO2-hydrocarbons

safety drivers

๏ Carrefour: decided for an R404 cascade system due to the inconsistent use of safety standards regarding ammonia and hydrocarbons as refrigerants

๏ commission & installation of CO2 refrigeration systems carried out without major issues

๏ lack of technicians experienced with high-pressure CO2 system still poses a barrier to wide-spread use

๏ cascade system has been running without any need for maintenance/repair for 10 months with high reliability

impact: safety & reliability