EU and Turkey

Supported by the European Commission (DG ENV)

•1959 : First application to join what was then the European Economic Community (EEC) .

•1963 : Ankara Association Agreement :envisaged the progressive establishment of a customs union

•1987 : Turkey applied for full membership

•1995 : Custom Union established between EU and Turkey

•1999 : European Council in Helsinki , Turkey become officially candidates

•1999: Beginning of Accession process

•2001: Partnership for the accession of Turkey signed, revision in 2003-2006

•2004 : Turkey sufficiently fulfilled the Copenhagen political criteria

•2005: Start of accession negotiations

Turkey and EU relation

Financial Instrument in Turkey

1. Instrument as Euro Mediterranean country 1995-20062. New instrument as Candidate country for 2007-2013

MEDA(Main instrument of economic and financial cooperation under the Euro-Mediterranean partnership)

Algeria, Cyprus, Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Malta, Morocco, the Palestinian Territory, Syria, Tunisia and Turkey

Instrument for Euro Mediterranean countries

Objective: To implement the cooperation measures designed to help Mediterranean non-member countries reform their economic and social structures and mitigate the social and environmental consequences of economic development.

Two periods:1995-1999: Budget EUR 3,435 Billion.2000-2006: Budget EUR 5,350 Billion.

•Organisations supporting business •Private operators •Cooperatives associations•Non-governmental organisations•Foundations

•Regions •Local authorities, •Regional organisations •Public agencies •Local communities

BENEFICIARIES

General objectives

To reinforce political stability and democracyTo create a euro-mediterranean free trade area, economic and social cooperation

Taking into account human and cultural dimension

General measures

Economic transition of Mediterranean non-member countries ( Free Trade Area)As support for jobs creation, SME, private investment, industrial cooperation…

Sustainable socio-economic development As promotion of youth exchange ,cultural cooperation, strengthen human rights, democracy…

Regional, sub-regional and cross-border cooperationAs Development of structure for regional cooperation, trade, exchange between civil society EU and Euro med Countries

General activities

Technical assistanceTraining

Institution buildingInformation seminar

StudiesProject for investment

Financing Form:Grants managed by European Commission Risk capital provided and managed by EBI

Interest rate subsidies for EIB loans within the framework of environmental cooperation

Annual Report from European Commission to European Parliament and Council (each year)Summarise actions financed and results obtained in comparison to the Strategic Paper

ProgrammingStrategy paper 2000-2006( National and Regional level)

Define long term objectives and priorities

Financing decision (each year basis NIP and RIP)Lists of projects to be financed

National Indicative Programme Regional Indicative Programme (three year period)Define main objective , guidelines , priority sector of community support, indicative amounts and criteria

IAPInstrument for pre accession assistance

Beneficiary countries are divided into two categories EU candidate countries Croatia, Turkey and the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia;

Potential candidate countries in the Western Balkans Albania, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Montenegro, and Serbia including Kosovo

New instrument as Candidate country for 2007-2013

Regulation (2006)1085Regulation (2006)1085: Establishing an instrument for Pre-Accession Assistance

IAP in Turkey Total:EUR EUR 1,468 Billion1,468 Billion for 2007-2013

Expected budgets 2007: EUR 497 Million2008: EUR 538 Million2009: EUR 566 Million 2010: EUR 653 Million

Goals:•Implementation of Copenhague Criteria

•To support economic and social cohesion•To promote implementation of the Communitarian Acquis

•To promote political and social dialogue between EU and Turkey

Main objectives: To provide targeted assistance with a simplified instrument to prepare candidate countries to manage European funds covering the same areas

Priorities:•Democratic institutions and the rule of law•Administration, carry out economic reforms

•Promote respect for human as well as minority rights and gender equality•Support the development of civil society and advance regional co-operation

•Contribute to sustainable development and poverty reduction

With five components:

1.Transition assistance and institution building2.Cross border cooperation

European states and IAP countries3.Regional development

Transports, environment and economic development4.Human resources development

Enforce human capital and combating exclusion 5.Rural development

IPA financial assistance can be suspended by a Council decision (qualified majority needed)if a country does not fulfil the commitments made in its partnership agreement for EU accession or European partnership (regarding respect of human rights and the rights of minority groups).

Multi Annual Programmes

Multi-Annual Indicative Planning

Three-Year Strategy Document (areas of intervention and main

priorities)

Multi-annual indicative financial framework for 2008-2013

  COMPONENTS 2007 2008 2009 2010

TTransition

assistance and institution building

252,2 250,2 233,2 211,3

U Cross border cooperation 6,6 8,8 9,4 9,6

R Regional development 167,5 173,8 182,7 238,1

K Human resources development 50,2 52,9 55,6 63,4

E Rural Development 20,7 53 85,5 131,3

Y TOTAL 497,2 538,7 566,4 653,7

Million EUR current prices

Cross border cooperation between Greece and Turkey

Objectives 2000-2006: •Upgrading the infrastructure and developing cross-border cooperation in social and economic sectors

Four priorities:• Cross-border Infrastructure • Economic Development and Employment• Quality of life / Environment / Culture• Technical Assistance

The eligible region covers the entire land and maritime neighbouring areas of Greece andTurkey

Total resources :EUR 66 MillionGreece: EUR 46,6 MillionTurkey: EUR 19,35 Million

Cross border cooperation within IAPObjectives 2007-2013: •to promote the creation and development of cooperation networks between border regions and the establishment of links between these networks and wider Community networks .•To promote good neighbourly relations•To foster stability, security and prosperity in the mutual interest of all countries •To encourage their harmonious, balanced and sustainable development •To promote economic social development in borders areas•To promote local “ people to people” type of actions

Eligible actions:• Improvement of infrastructures and the provision of local water, gas and electricitysupplies • Environmental protection • Agricultural and rural development; • Local economic development • Training and employment measures • Justice and home affairs

Three stand of cooperation:

At land and maritime borders with member states( coordination between IAP and ERDF)South East Europe transnational programme and mediterranean transnational programme

Borders with mediterranean countries (coordination between IAP and ENPI)The black sea programme and the mediterranean programme

At borders among candidates and potential candidates essentially Western Balkans

Example of IAP cross border associated countries

Turkey-Greece, Bulgaria-Turkey

Joint programme:

Document giving strategy, priorities

Cross border cooperation within IAP

Useful links:

http://ec.europa.eu/enlargement/index_en.htm

http://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/funds/ipa/index_en.htm

http://europa.eu/scadplus/leg/en/lvb/e50020.htm

http://eu.istanbul.gov.tr/Default.aspx?pid=8445

http://www.deltur.ec.europa.eu/Default.asp?lang=1