PRESENTED BY-DEVIKA PUNDKAR.

SNEHAL KANADE

YASH MORE

PRASAD MANKAR

-GUIDED BYOmkar Parishwad

THE LIFE OF PLAZAS.

SITTING SPACES.

SUN ,WIND ,TREES ,WATER .

FOOD.

THE STREET.

THE “UNDESIRABLES”.

EFFECTIVE CAPACITY.

INDOOR SPACES.

CONCOURSE AND MEGASTRUCTURES .

SMALLER CITIES AND PLACES.

TRIANGULATION.

WHAT DOES PLAZA MEAN?

IN A SIMPLE WORD ,PLAZA IS AN OPEN URBAN PUBLIC SPACE SUCH AS CITY SQUARE , AND THAT OFTEN HAS TREES AND BUSHES AND PLACES TO SIT AS WELL AS TO WALK.

SECRET LIFE PROJECT STARTED BY STUDYING HOW PEOPLE USE PLAZAS.

THEY MOUNTED TIME-LAPSE CAMERAS , THEY TALKED TO PEOPLE TO FIND WHERE THEY CAME FROM , WHERE THEY WORKED , HOW FREQUENTLY THEY USED THE PLACE AND WHAT THEY THOUGHT OF IT.

THE LIFE OF PLAZAS

THE LIFE OF PLAZAs..

THE LIFE OF PLAZAS

WHAT ATTRACT PEOPLE MOST ,IT WOULD APPEAR IS, OTHER PEOPLE.

SOMETIMES PEOPLE DIDN’T MOVE OUT OF THE MAIN PEDESTRIAN FLOW . THEY STAYED IN IT OR MOVED INTO IT , AND THE GREAT BULK OF CONVERSATIONS WERE SMACK IN THE CENTRE

OF THE FLOW 100% LOCATION.

THIS WILL RESULT IN PEOPLES OPINION THAT –AREA IS CONGESTED MORE OFTEN THEY MAKE IT CONGESTED.

THE LIFE OF PLAZAS

• GIVEN THE BASIC ELEMENTS OF A CENTRE CITY SUCH AS HIGH PEDESTRIAN VOLUMES AND CONCENTRATION AND MIXTURE OF ACTIVITIES-PEOPLE IN ONE PLACE TEND TO ACT MUCH LIKE PEOPLE IN ANOTHER.

THE LIFE OF PLAZAS

i. PLAZA USE

ii. AMOUNT OF OPEN SPACE

iii. AMOUNT OF SITTABLE SPACE.

SITTING SPACES

NEW YORK WERE VERY CONSISTENT ,IN THE USE OF PLAZAS .DAY IN, DAY OUT ,MANY OF THEM WOULD SIT AT CERTAIN PLAZAS ,FEW AT OTHER.

THE MEMBER OF SECRET LIFE PROJECT ALSO NOTICED THAT THE ELEGANCE AND PURITY OF BUILDINGS DESIGNS SEEMS TO HAVE LITTLE RELATIONSHIP TO THE USE OF THE SPACES AROUND IT.

SITTING SPACES

IT IS OBSERVED THAT PEOPLE SEEK OPEN SPACES AS A RELIEF FROM THE OVERCROWDING THEY ARE NORMALLY SUBJECTED TO,AND IT WOULD FOLLOW THAT PLACES AFFORDING THE GREATEST FEELING OF LIGHT AND SPACE WOULD DRAW THE MOST.

IF WE RANK PLAZAS BY THE AMOUNT OF SPACE,THERE SURELY WOULD BE POSITIVE CORRELATION BETWEEN THE SIZE OF PLAZAS AND THE NUMBER OF PERSONS USING THEM.

ONCE AGAIN,WE FOUND NO CLEAR RELATIONSHIP….AS ,SEVERAL OF THE SMALLER SPACES HAD LOTS OF PEOPLE,SEVERAL OF THE LARGER HAD LOTS OF PEOPLE AND SEVERAL OF THE LARGER HAD VERY FEW PEOPLE.

SITTING SPACES

SITTING SPACE TO BE SURE ,IS ONLY ONE OF THE MANY VARIABLE AND WITHOUT A CONTROL SITUATION AS A MEASURE, ONE CANNOT BE SURE OF CAUSE AND EFFECT.

VARIOUS SUBPARTS:

INTEGRAL SITTING.

SITTING HEIGHTS.

BENCHES.

CHAIRS.

SITTING SPACES

SITTING SPACES

SITTING SPACES

SITTING SPACES

SITTING SPACES

TO KNOW THE ANSWER ,PROJECT MEMBER INCLUDED ALL THE SPACE MEANT FOR PEOPLE TO SIT ON ,SUCH AS BENCHES AND THE SPACES ,THEY SAT ON WHETHER MEANT TO OR NOT SUCH AS LEDGES.

SITTING SPACES

TO MAKE THE PLACE MORE VIBRANT, AVAILABILITY OF SITTING PLACE IS MUCH IMPORTANT.

SITTING SPACES

A. SUN

B. WIND

C. TREES

D. WATER

SUN,WIND,TREES AND WATER

IT IS OBSERVED THAT,IN LATE MORNING,THE PLAZA WAS IN SHADOW.THEN SHORTLY BEFORE NOON,A NARROW WEDGE OF SUNLIGHT BEGAN MOVING ACROSS THE PLAZA.

PHYSICALLY AND PSYCHOLOGICALLY,IT IS PROVEN THAT PEOPLE FEEL COMFORTABLE AND THIS IS ONE OF THE REASONS WHY THEIR RELATIVE CARRYING

CAPACITY IS SO HIGH.

WIND..

SUN,WIND,TREES AND WATER

SUN,WIND,TREES AND WATER

NEW YORK’S NEW OPEN SPACE ZONING HAS

SHARPLY STEPPED UP REQUIREMENTS:DEVELOPERS

MUST PROVIDE A TREE FOR EVERY 25 FEET OF

SIDEWAY.

WATER IS ANOTHER FINE ELEMENT AND NEWPLAZAS ,PARKS PROVIDE WATER IN ALL SORTS OF FORMS:WATERFALLS,WATERWALLS,RAPIDS,SLUICEWAYS,TRANQUIL POOLS,WATER TUNNELS,MEANDERING BROOKS,FOUNTAINS OF ALL KINDS.

THUS, SUN , WIND, TREES, WATER ARE THE MOST IMPORTANT FACTOR FOR THE HEALTHY DEVELOPMENT OF ANY PLAZA, TOWN ,CITY , ETC.

SUN,WIND,TREES AND WATER

AT THE END…..CONCLUSION

FOOD

FOOD

FOOD

FOOD

FOOD

DURING CHRISTMAS THERE WERE ABOUT 15 VENDORS IN 40 FOOT STRETCH

FOOD

A SNACK BAR ,TABLES,CHAIRS, SEED PLACE WITH ACTIVITY

FOOD

STREET

AVENUE OF AMERICAoNE OF THE NEW YORK’S BEST CORNERS IS 49TH STREET AND THE AVENUE OF

THE AMERICA , ALONG THE MCGRALL-HILL BUILDING. THIS CORNER HAS ALL

OF THE BASICS: A FOOD VENDOR ,AND A HEAVY PEDESTRAIN FLOW, THE

MIDDLE OF WHICH IS A FAVORITE PLACE FOR CONVERSATIONS.

STREET

PALEY’S PARK IS A SUBURB SPACE FOR MANY REASONS. ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT IS ITS CORDIAL RELATION WITH STREET. THE VESTIBULE IS USED IN ITS OWN RIGHT

STREET

BRYANT PARK [NY]

STREET

ROCKEFELLER PLAZA

A SUCCESSFUL PLACE IN TERMS OF EVENTS

,CONCERTS ETC AND HAS A SUNKEN

PLAZA IN THE MIDDLE.

STREET

STREET

STREET

CITIES IN USA HAVE BROUGHT CONSIDERABLE CHANGES IN THEIR BUILDING FORMS.

THEY HAVE INTRODUCED NEW BUILDING FORMS LIKE CONCOURSES,MEGASTRUCTURES,INDOOR SPACES AND MUCH MORE.

THESE CHANGES HAVE BEEN ADAPTED ACCORDINGLY TO THE CITY’S NEED.

THESE CHANGES HAVE GIVEN PLANNERS NEW DOMAINS TO STUDY AND LET TO DISCOVERY OF NEW CONCEPTS IN URBAN PLANNING.

THE UNDESIRABLES

STRONG RELATION BETWEEN NUMBER OF PEOPLE SITTING ON BENCHES ALONG THE CITY’S MAIN PEDESTRIAN WAY AND NUMBER STANDING OR WALKING

UNEVEN DISTRIBUTION OF PEOPLE OVER THE SPACE.

DISTRIBUTION DOESN’T DEPENDS ON DENSITY OF POPULATION IN THE AREA.

SITTING OF PEOPLE OVER THE BENCHES IS INFLUENCED BY SURROUNDING ENVIRONMENTS AND QUALITATIVE ASPECTS LIKE COMFORT, PURPOSE OF SITTING,ETC.

A CROWDED COMPLEX IN TOKYO ,JAPAN

EFFECTIVE CAPACITY

•MOST INTENSIVELY

USED PLACES.

•ENVIRONMENT

AROUND IS AWFUL

AND FULL OF TRAFFIC.

•STILL ,SUCH PLACES

ARE USED BY OLD

PEOPLE AS THEY FEEL

THAT THE PLACES ARE

VIBRANT.

BENCHES ON THE TIMES SQUARE ,NY

EFFECTIVE CAPACITY

BENCHES ON A TRAFFIC ISLAND IN MIDDLE OF UPPER BROADWAY

EFFECTIVE CAPACITY

GREEN ACRE PARK, NY

ESSENTIAL FACILITIES

•PLENTY OF SEATING.•FOOD FACILITIES.•TREES.

EFFECTIVE CAPACITY

GREEN ACRE PARK,NY

PALEY PARK,NY

EFFECTIVE CAPACITY

GRAND CENTRAL STATION,NY

AN INDOOR SPACE,IN NY

SITTING ARRANGEMENT[PREFFERED MOVABLE CHAIRS].

FOOD STALLS,CAFES,ETC.

RETAIL SHOPS.

WASHROOMS.

INDOOR SPACES

PROS

BLOCK CIRCULATION ONLY THROUGH PUBLIC INDOOR SPACE.

SCREENING IN PEOPLE ON BASIS OF INCOME IN PRIVATE PUBLIC SPACE.

REDUCED ATTRACTIONS FOR STREETS.

CONS

INDOOR SPACES

SITTING PLACES NEXT TO MAIN PEDESTRIAN FLOW ARE MOST LIKED.

MAIN PEDESTRIAN FLOW IS CHANNELED THROUGH LIMITED DOORS.

EVEN DURING HIGH FLOW ,PEOPLE USE ONLY LIMITED NUMBER DOORS .THEY NEVER USE ALL THE DOORS.

SLIDING DOORS ARE ALWAYS PREFFERED OVER REVOLVING DOORS

INDOOR SPACES

ENTERANCE OF GALLERY MARKETIN LOWER MANHATTEN

AN INDOOR PLACE IN NY

INDOOR SPACES

SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCED ATTRACTION FOR THE STREETS.

EXTRA FLOOR SPACE RECEIVED BY THE DEVELOPERS

INDOOR SPACES

CONCOURSES IS DEFINED AS A PLACE WHERE PATHWAYS AND ROADWAYS MEET LIKE IN A HOTEL, CONVENTION CENTRE, A RAILWAY STATION OR OTHER SPACE.

CLASSIFIED INTO TWO TYPES:

A. OVERGROUND CONCOURSES

B. UNDERGROUND CONCOURSES

ST .CATHERINE STREET IN MANHATTAN ,NY

OVERGROUND CONCOURSESCONCOURSES AND MEGASTRUCTURES

GRAND CENTRAL STATION ,NY

CONCOURSES AND MEGASTRUCTURES

POSITIVE IMPACTS

WE GET A CONTROLLED ENVIRONMENT CONDUCIVE FOR SHOPPING ,EATING,SOCIALIZING IE NO EFFECT OF OUTSIDE CONDITIONS[WEATHER PROMINENTLY].

MOSTLY SUCH CONCOURSES ARE LARGE COMPLEXES WITH ALL THE FACILITIES.

REDUCED PEDESTRIANS AT STREET MARKETS LEADING TO DECLINE IN TRADE.

ONLY SHOPS WITH BASIC GOODS[BOOK STALLS,FOOD STALLS] ARE FOUND IN MOST UNDERGROUND CONCOURSES.

NEGATIVE IMPACTS

CONCOURSES AND MEGASTRUCTURES

WALKWAY [ALSO CALLED SKYWAY] IS A COMPOSITE TERM USED FOR ALL STRUCUTRES THAT SUPPORT THE USE OF TRAILS [ PATH]

WALKWAYS IN MINNEAPOLIS [USA]

CONCOURSES AND MEGASTRUCTURES

ANOTHER SKYWAY IN MINNEAPOLIS [USA]

CONCOURSES AND MEGASTRUCTURES

POSITIVE IMPACTS

PROVIDES HIGH CONNEECTIVITY IN CBD.

CAPABLE OF CARRYING HIGH PEDESTRIAN FLOW.

LOWERS THE RUSH ON THE STREETS.

PREVENTION FROM OUTSIDE COLD WEATHER.

TRADE IN COMPLEXES CONNECTED BY WALKWAYS INCREASES.

LOWERED PEDESTRIAN FLOW CAN CAUSE UNDER UTILIZATION OF FACILITIES PROVIDED FOR PEDESTRIANS.

REDUCED PEOPLE ON THE STREETS ,LESS CUSTOMERS FOR THE SHOPS ,REDUCED TRADE.

NEGATIVE IMPACTS

CONCOURSES AND MEGASTRUCTURES

RENNAISSANCE CENTRE,DETROIT [USA]

CONCOURSES AND MEGASTRUCTURES

PROS

MULTIPURPOSE BUILDINGS

[SHOPS,OFFICES,HOTELS]

PROVIDES CONTROLLED ENVIRONMENT INDEPENDENT OF SURROUNDINGS.

PROVIDES SECURITY .

SELF SUFFICIENCY.

LINKAGE TO CONCOURSES AND SKYWAYS.

CLOSING WALLS FOR STREET.

SCREENING OF PEOPLE ACCORDING TO INCOME GROUPS.

AMERICAN CITIES GOT DIVIDED INTO TWO TYPES

I. REGULAR CITY.

II. VISITORS CITY.

CONS

CONCOURSES AND MEGASTRUCTURES

CBD’S CONTAIN SUFFICIENT PARKING SPACE AND SIDE WALKS WITH LOW POPULATION DENSITIES.

HERITAGE SHOPS,GARAGES ,AND OTHER GENERAL NEED SHOPS ARE ALSO FOUND.

A FRINGE IS BEING DEVELOPED BETWEEN CBD AND SUB URBAN AREAS BECAUSE OF EFFICIENT USE OF AVAILABLE SPACE.

THEY PRESERVE THE HERITAGE AND HISTORY OF THE CITY.

AS THERE IS LIMITED SPACE ,PLANNERS PRODUCE THEIR BEST DESIGNS FOR DEVELOPING THE DOWNTOWNS.

SMALLER CITIES AND PLACES

THE PROCESS BY WHICH SOME EXTERNAL STIMULUS PROVIDES A LINKAGE BETWEEN PEOPLE AND PROMPTS STRANGERS TO TALK TO EACH OTHER AS THOUGH THEY WERE NOT , IS CALLED AS TRIANGULATION.

THE STIMULUS CAN BE AN OBJECT OR SIGHT. FOR EX: A STREET BAND , STREET ARTIST OR A STREET SCULPTURE UPON WHICH PEOPLE COMMENT AND REMARK EACH OTHER ON IT

HAVE STRONG SOCIAL EFFECT.

ENCOURAGE PEOPLE’S THINKING OVER IT.

DEVELOPS CURIOSITY AMONG KIDS

INCREASES SOCIAL INTERACTION AMONG VISITORS.

TRIANGULATION

TRIANGULATION

• STREET BANDS

• STREET ENTERTAINERS WHICH INCLUDE

1) STREET MAGICIANS

2) MIMIKRI ARTISTS

3) ACROBATS

SCHOOLS BANDS,POLITICAL PROCESSIONS,ROCK GROUPS

MUSICIANS

PEOPLE CREATING SOCIAL AWARENESS

ARTISTS[STREET GALLERIES]

TRIANGULATION

PEOPLE LIKE TO VISIT PLACES WHICH ARE LIVELY ,FULL OF ENTERTAINMENT .THEY AVOID PLACES WHICH ARE LONELY AND SPACIOUS.

MOST PREFFERED RESTFUL PLACES ARE AREAS WITH SMALL PLACES WITH HIGH DENSITY OF PEOPLE AND VERY EFFICIENT USE OF SPACE.

THESE SMALL PLACES ARE PRICELESS, IRRESPECTIVE OF THE COST …..

THEY DEPICT THE REAL CITY AND IT’S PEOPLE.

TRIANGULATION

STREET BANDS

STREET GALLERIES

TRIANGULATION

A STREET SCUPTURE AT CHICAGO,USA

TRIANGULATION