06_abap - assignments, conversions, and calculations

7/30/2019 06_ABAP - Assignments, Conversions, And Calculations

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ABAP - Assignments,Conversions, and

Calculations


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Contents

Objectives

Working with System Variables

Assignment Statements

Summary


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Contents

Objectives


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Objectives

Use common system variables

Use the CLEAR statement and understand its effect onvariables and field strings

Perform assignments using the MOVE and MOVE-CORRESPONDING statements

Predict and perform data conversions using assignment

statements

Code mathematical expressions


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Contents

Working with System Variables


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System Variables

DDIC structure syst(in program: systor sy)


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Commonly Used System Variables


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System Variables

REPORT y_vu_0901.

TABLES lfa1.

PARAMETERS p_land1 LIKE lfa1-land1 OBLIGATORY

DEFAULT 'US'.

WRITE: / 'Current date:', sy-datum,

/ 'Current time:', sy-uzeit,

/ 'Current user:', sy-uname,/ 'Vendors having country code', p_land1,

/.

SELECT * FROM lfa1

WHERE land1 = p_land1

ORDER BY lifnr.

WRITE: / sy-dbcnt, lfa1-lifnr.

ENDSELECT.

WRITE: / sy-dbcnt, 'records found'.

IF sy-subrc 0.

WRITE: / 'No vendors exist for country', p_land1.

ENDIF.


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System Variables

REPORT y_vu_0901.

TABLES t005t.

PARAMETERS p_land1 LIKE lfa1-land1 OBLIGATORY DEFAULT 'US'.

SELECT SINGLE * FROM t005t

WHERE spras = sy-langu "current logon language

AND land1 = p_land1.

IF sy-subrc = 0.WRITE: 'Description:', t005t-landx.

ELSE.

WRITE: 'No description exists for', p_land1.

ENDIF.


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Contents



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assignment statement: assigns value to variableor field string

3 common assignment statements: CLEAR set value to default initial values

MOVEmove a value from one field to another

MOVE-CORRESPONDINGmove with matchingnames


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CLEAR statement

Syntax: clear v1 [with v2 | with 'A' | with NULL]

where: v1 and v2 are variable or field string names.

'A' is a literal of any length.

NOTES: If v1 type c filled with blanks.

If other data type filled with zeros.

If v1 is a field string cleared each components.

with v2 the 1st byte from v2 is used to fill the entire length of v1.

with 'A the 1stbyte from literal 'A is used to fill with NULL the entire length of v1 is filled with hexadecimal zeros.


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MOVE statement

Syntax: move v1 to v2.

v2 = v1.

v2 = v1 = vm = vn

move v1[+N(L)] to v2[+N(L)]. v2[+N(L)] = v1[+N(L)].

where: v1 is the sending variable or field string.

v2 is the receiving variable or field string. N is an offset from the beginning of the variable or field

string.

L is the number of bytes to move.


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MOVE statement


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Data Conversions

Length Adjustment


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Subfields

Subfield: the portion of a field

Offset

Length

Syntax: v1[+o][(L)] = v2[+o][(L)].

v1 and v2 are variable or field string names.

o is a zero-based offset from the beginning of the

field.

L is a length in bytes.


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Subfields

REPORT y_vu_0907.

DATA: f1(7), f2(7).

f1 = 'BOY'. "same as: move 'BOY' to f1.

f2 = 'BIG'. "same as: move 'BIG' to f2.

f1+0(1) = 'T'. "f1 now contains 'TOY '.

WRITE / f1.

f1(1) = 'J'. "same as: f1+0(1) = 'J'.

WRITE / f1. "f1 now contains 'JOY '.

f1(1) = f2. "same as: f1(1) = f2(1).

WRITE / f1. "f1 now contains 'BOY '.

f1+4 = f1. "same as: f1+4(3) = f1(3).

WRITE / f1. "f1 now contains 'BOY BOY'.f1(3) = f2(3). "same as: f1+0(3) = f2+0(3).

WRITE / f1. "f1 now contains 'BIG BOY'.


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Using MOVE with Field Strings

Field string is treated as type C


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MOVE-CORRESPONDING statement

MOVE-CORRESPONDING statement:

from field string to field string

MOVE statements for components with matchingnames

Syntax: move-corresponding v1 to v2.

v1 is the sending variable or field string.

v2 is the receiving variable or field string.


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MOVE-CORRESPONDING statement

data: begin of s1,

c1 type p decimals 2 value '1234.56',

c2(3) value 'ABC',

c3(4) value '1234',

end of s1,

begin of s2,

c1(8),x2(3) value 'XYZ',

c3 type i,

end of s2.

move-corresponding s1 to s2.move s1-c1 to s2-c1.

move s1-c3 to s2-c3.


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Performing Calculations

COMPUTE

ADD or ADD-CORRESPONDING

SUBTRACT or SUBTRACT-CORRESPONDING

MULTIPLY or MULTIPLY-CORRESPONDING

DIVIDE or DIVIDE-CORRESPONDING


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COMPUTE Statement

Syntax:

compute v3 = v1 op v2 [op vn ...].

v3 = v2 op v2 [op vn ...].

where:

v3 is the receiving variable for the result of the computation.

v1, v2, and vn are the operands.

op is a mathematical operator.


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COMPUTE Statement


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ADD or ADD-CORRESPONDING

Syntax:

add v1 to v2.

add-corresponding s1 to s2.

where:

v2 is the variable being added to.

v1 is the variable added to v2.

s2 is the field string being added to. s1 is the field string added to s2.

The same for SUBTRACT, MULTIPLY, and DIVIDE


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ADD, SUBTRACT, MULTIPLY, DIVIDEREPORT y_vu_0913.

DATA: f1 TYPE i VALUE 2,

f2 TYPE i VALUE 3,

BEGIN OF s1,

c1 TYPE i VALUE 10,

c2 TYPE i VALUE 20,

c3 TYPE i VALUE 30,

END OF s1,

BEGIN OF s2,c1 TYPE i VALUE 100,

x2 TYPE i VALUE 200,

c3 TYPE i VALUE 300,

END OF s2.

ADD f1 TO f2. WRITE / f2. "f1 is unchanged

SUBTRACT f1 FROM f2. WRITE / f2.

MULTIPLY f2 BY f1. WRITE / f2.

DIVIDE f2 BY f1. WRITE / f2.

ADD-CORRESPONDING s1 TO s2. WRITE: / s2-c1, s2-x2, s2-c3.

SUBTRACT-CORRESPONDING s1 FROM s2. WRITE: / s2-c1, s2-x2, s2-c3.

MULTIPLY-CORRESPONDING s2 BY s1. WRITE: / s2-c1, s2-x2, s2-c3.

DIVIDE-CORRESPONDING s2 BY s1. WRITE: / s2-c1, s2-x2, s2-c3.


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Contents

Summary


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Summary

Structure syst system variables

Assignment: CLEAR, MOVE, MOVE-CORRESPONDINGstatement

Conversions are automatically performed when necessary

A field string name without a component name type C

Subfield: to access the individual bytes of a field's value

COMPUTE, ADD, SUBTRACT, MULTIPLY, DIVIDE andCORRESPONDING


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Summary

06_abap - assignments, conversions, and calculations

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