07 virtue ethics and community membership figures and tables
TRANSCRIPT
07 Virtue Ethics and Community Membership
Figures and tables
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Conceptual map
Ethical Theories
Identity-based
Feminist ethics of care Relationships
Virtue ethicsCommunity membership
Principle-based
Consequence-based
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Business Virtues and Vices (Robert Solomon)
VirtuesHonesty
TrustworthinessCourage
TemperanceGenerosity
JusticeVision
Perseverance
Vices
DishonestySleaziness
Timidity, CowardiceGreed
MeannessUnfairness
NarrownessWeakness
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WisdomVirtues as the mean of two vices
Vice Virtue Vice Dishonesty Sleaziness Cowardice
Greed Meanness Unfairness
Narrowness Weakness
Honesty Trustworthiness
Courage Temperance Generosity
Justice Vision
Perseverance
Over-disclosure Foolish
Reckless Overly altruistic Overly generous
Rigidity Dreamer Inflexible
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Derivative and Basic Virtues
Virtues
Derivative
Indirect utilitarian e.g. Benevolence
Justice e.g. Fairness
Rights e.g. Carefulness
Basic Virtue ethics e.g. Integrity
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Human flourishing
Virtue ethics: Objective happiness
Utilitarianism: Subjective happiness
Human flourishing Meaningful life Life well-lived Self-respect eudemonia
Pleasurable sensations Satisfied preferences
Hedonism Wealth
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Virtue and human flourishing: NOT
Virtues Cause
Human flourishing
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Virtue and Human flourishing
Flourishing person
Virtues
(Good Character)
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Virtues and the gains from social cooperation
Jack Jill
Heads Points Heads Points Productivity per hour 9 1 1 9
Individual pin production in 10 hours 9 9
Total individual pin production 18
Cooperative part production in 10 hours 90 0 0 90
Total cooperative pin production 90
Equal division of cooperative production 45 45
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Virtue and coordination: “Stag hunt game”
45
UL 45
0
LL 9
9
LR 9
9
UR 0
Specialize
Self-
Sufficient
Jack
Specialize Self-Sufficient
Jill
Jack an Jill must independently choose whether to specialize or be self-sufficient without knowing what the other is choosing. They could end up in either UL or LR. Perfectly virtuous, trusting and trustworthy, players will automatically choose UL. UL will be the only option that they “see.” They will flourish.
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A combination of virtue and good circumstances create a flourishing and objectively happy life.
Flourishing Life
Good Character
Good Circumstances
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Virtue and community membership
Virtues & Social Cooperation
Market society
Business
Exxon
. . .
Army Education . . .
Religious society
. . .
Warrior society
. . .
. . .
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Virtue and community
Social cooperation
COMMUNITYSustains
VIRTUE
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Obligations to community members
Obligations to all people Obligations to specific people
Non-voluntary Liberties and human rights Community membership
Voluntary N/A Contractual rights