0705 sri: based livelihood initiative in the mekong
DESCRIPTION
Presenter: Le Nguyet Minh Institution: Oxfam America, Hai Duong Subject Country: VietnamTRANSCRIPT
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Presentation overview
1. Opportunities & Impact potentials: Grow local, influence regional and global
2. Cambodia’s lessons: CEDAC self-reliance and its leading role
3. Oxfam work: Demonstration & facilitation
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1. Opportunities
• Population growth and finite resources, esp. water, will sustain high demand for rice
• Tremendous advocacy opportunity to form an organized support structure at community, national and international levels
• Increasing trend towards sustainable agriculture: less dependence on artificial inputs, environmental friendly
• Community-based approach, addressing poverty at scale
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1. Impact potentials
• Changes in lives of millions of rice farmers, regardless of landholding size
• Influence global rice sector, and food security• Potential of scalability • Increased support to small farmer agriculture • Improved social resilience
– Strengthened income security through higher land productivity– Coherent social network– Boosting farmer confidence
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2. Cambodian experience
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2. Cambodian experience
• CEDAC learned about SRI in 1999 through LEISA magazine, first contact with Normal Uphoff (CIIFAD) in 2000
• In 2000, 28 SRI farmer-led field experimentation conducted • In 2006, around 60,000 farmers apply SRI at various levels• Consistent positive field results shows that SRI is appropriate to
address problems related to food insecurity, poverty alleviation & strategic entry point in rural development
• 5 years for Ministry of Agriculture to formally endorse SRI technology
• SRI is now widely supported & promoted by 24 provincial departments of agriculture & 47 NGOs
• SRI national working group: secretariat hosted by MAFF, membership of NGOs, bilateral donors
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2. Number of SRI farmers in Cambodia
28 500 300010000
17000
40000
60000
90,000
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Source: CEDAC
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Areas of SRI application (ha)
1.6 28.7900
4700 4788
11200
16400
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
Source: CEDAC, SRI secretariat
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Number of villages, provinces
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
Number of villages
18 122 350 815 1,397 2,500 2,685
Number of provinces
4/24 7/24 11/24 14/24 17/24 20/24 24/24
Source: SRI secretariat
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Innovative ways to promote SRI
• Informal and formal farmer to farmer extension• Combined informal and formal channels
– NGOs network– Local governments, department of agriculture– Politicians– School teachers
• Adaptive extension and learning materials (radio broadcast, video, upcoming television shows)
• Prize of best SRI farmers• Market premium for chemical-free SRI rice
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Benefits from SRI
• Yield increases 50 - 150%, from average 1.5-1.8 tons/ha to 2.5-3.5 tons/ha with traditional/local varieties
• Few SRI farmers yield over 6 tons/ha• Reduced inputs:
– Seed by 70-80%– Fertilizers by 50 % (150 kg/ha down to 75 kg/ha)
• Most SRI farmers have given up pesticide • Net income per ha increases app. $US 58 - 172
(almost 200 % more).• Under CEDAC’s marketing support, increasing
number of SRI farmers sell their rice as chemical-free and receive 15 % premium
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Change of income
(n=120 farmers, in riel)
0
100000
200000
300000
400000
500000
600000
700000
800000
900000
before SRI 2001 2002 2003
Variable Cost
Net Income
Fertilizer cost
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Spin-off benefits of SRI
• Increased self-confidence and self-reliance as they can get higher production by using only their existing resources
• Growing interest among farmers in other technical and social innovations (e.g. saving for self-reliance, collective marketing & purchase)
• SRI to SID (System of intensification & diversification) to diversity farm portfolio: feed animals with rice surplus, converting part of rice fields to other products (vegetables, fish, husbandry and trees planting)
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Twinning SRI & Saving for Change
• Oxfam reinforces Self-help farmer groups as foundation
• Twining approach: SRI & Saving for Change: to mobilize own resource, smooth incomes & enhance social trust, cohesion
• Rolls out nation-wide0
50000
100000
150000
200000
250000
2001 2003 2005 2007 2009
SRI and Saving for Change in Cambodia
Savers
SRI farmers
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• On-going support to Cambodia since 2003• Pilot in Vietnam: Community-based SRI
application with PPD and Ha Tay PPSD 78 - 90 % seed saving 30% water saving 8 - 15 % yield increase More $ 120 - 140 / ha / crop
• Developing new partnership in Vietnam (PPD, SRD, OQ) & a regional SRI livelihood program
• Improving knowledge base with series of studies• Facilitating a SRI learning network in Mekong
3. What is Oxfam doing?