070928 collaborative geospatial mapping and data authorization
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Collaborative GeospatialCollaborative GeospatialCollaborative Geospatial Collaborative Geospatial Mapping & Public LicensingMapping & Public LicensingMapping & Public LicensingMapping & Public Licensing
TT RR Ch d A d W iCh d A d W i ChiChi HHTyngTyng--RueyRuey Chuang and Andrea WeiChuang and Andrea Wei--ChingChing HuangHuang
Institute of Information Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
At the GIS Application & Development Workshop by Taipei City GovernmentSep. 27‐28, 2007 , National Taiwan University, Taipei Taiwan
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Preview for the Conclusion (I) :( )
• Most of you are likely to have known something about
Geospatial Web
• Most of you are likely to have known something about the recent emerging Geospatial Web phenomenon, more or less.
• It is built on by non‐GIS professionals’ participation & collaboration for the using of geoinformation in everyday
Participation & Collaboration
collaboration for the using of geoinformation in everyday life.
• The existing geodata has not been reusing effectively, the newly adding on geo‐information contributed by y g g ypeople’s collaboration has not been well managed.
• Privacy & Security Issues remain. (not discuss in this talk)Limitation
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Preview for the Conclusion (II) :( )
• It is not a problem of technology It is a limitation of
WHYWHY
• It is not a problem of technology. It is a limitation of lacking of geodata to be able to be freely used on Web, and to be managed effectively. It is a question of policy.
• The value of geodata is depends on its capacity of reusing and recreating its usability by the public The key issue is
HOWHOWand recreating its usability by the public. The key issue is the Public Licensing.
• The GeoCommons case study.WHATWHAT
The GeoCommons case study.
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Why yGoogle Map/Earth, Yahoo, & Microsoft geo‐mapping have done more valuable marketing for pp g gGIS in one year than the entire GIS industry has done its lifetime yworldwide?
Jack Dangermond( the founder of ESRI) says: interest stimulated by the geowebgeoweb has helped to boost GIS business by 20% in 2007.
Sep 6th 2007, The Economist
Ron Lake (Galdos Systems) says: geobrowsers have led to a push for better public access to geodata.
Where 2.0, 2007
Di‐Ann Eisnor (CEO, Platial) : it is the economics of Mash‐ups which support & leverage the open platform business model. And it is an early proving ground
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leverage the open platform business model. And it is an early proving ground for distributed, collaborative value creationdistributed, collaborative value creation.
1. Geospatial Web1. Geospatial Web
Through the browser, the geospatial
information become a new media new media on Web.
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Online distributed participants distributed participants are able to feel that they are being in the same conference room and can participate inbeing in the same conference room, and can participate in questioning and voting by sending text message.
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2. Participation & Collaboration
It is a Social Web plus online geospatial information.
It is a “You”, “Me”, and “We” Web.
It is a Geospatial Knowledge Mapping built by public participation & collaboration.
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From desktop application to the Web browser, from traditional GIS to the
geospatial mash‐ups in everyday life.
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3. Limitations
Existing geodata has not been reusing ff leffectively.
Geo‐information contributed by people’s collaboration has not been well managed.collaboration has not been well managed.
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Technology is not a problem.Fi f Mi i dd i h f t id b t th bFirefox Minimap adds a very rich feature geo‐sidebar to the browser.
drag & drop GeoRSS feed /KMLGeoRSS feed /KML from the Flickr tags into Minmap, and you can view a map of the Flickr photos
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of the Flickr photos
Technology is not a problem.Tools like BRIGHTi GeoFeeder can convert vector data (points, lines & polygons) from ESRI, Google, MapInfo, Autodesk, and GML file formats to GeoRSS xml.
11http://www.brightisolutions.com/
Why an American company, Google, has made better i f UK i h h UK' ipractice of UK mapping than the UK's own mapping agency
(Ordnance Survey)?
Why do many UK geo‐companies think their government‐backed agency that should be their data provider but is often regarded as a competitor?
The answers of the Guardian on March 16, 2006 & September 13, 2007 are that:The answers of the Guardian on March 16, 2006 & September 13, 2007 are that:
“Nearly everyone agrees that electronic mapping is an important tool for public services.”
“ the data that we pay to have collected (through our taxes) and which is then used by the data that we pay to have collected (through our taxes), and which is then used by organisations such as the Ordnance Survey, is not freely available for refor re‐‐use use by UK citizens.”
“We, and the companies that could benefit from its use, are forced to pay for it ‐ putting a b k h i f i ”
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brake on the information economy.”
http://society.guardian.co.uk/e‐public/story/0,,1731410,00.htmlhttp://www.guardian.co.uk/technology/2007/sep/13/guardianweeklytechnologysection.freeourdata
4. GeoData Authorization
“It's a question of the policy and the thinking the policy and the thinking catching up with the technology.” says John Hanke, head of Google's Earth and Maps division in Septechnology. says John Hanke, head of Google s Earth and Maps division in Sep 6th 2007, The Economist.
Geodata = Artistic work?Copyright? License ? Free?P i & S i ?Privacy & Security?
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•geo‐information is a tool gfor empowerment of citizens ; restriction of using may contradict the government’s role
•restricted data= diminishing activities in d ti & heducation & research
•sale data ≠ significant revenue
•open platform model as a collected knowledge economy ( google, eBay & amozon )
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amozon )
The EU legislation now provides that
the Copyright Designs and Patents Acts (CDPAs) 3(1)(a)
a literary work includesa literary work includes ‘a table or compilation pother than a database’
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choices of public license for geospatial information choices of public license for geospatial information p g pp g pare in hand are in hand
••GNU General Public LicenseGNU General Public License (source code bli l i )public releasing)
••GNU Free Documentation LicenseGNU Free Documentation License(for documentation licensing)
••Creative Commons LicensesCreative Commons Licenses (for general content creation licensing)
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The Authorization Strategy for the sharing d f l dand re‐use of geospatial data
online, open, and collaborative exploration of domain spaces is one of the most successful web paradigms.
fl ibl li i d l i l d CC GPL d lflexible licensing models include : CC, GPL or dual licensing.
geospatial dataset release should be:geospatial dataset release should be:
(1) in source forms
(2) should be accompanied by the necessary data models ( ) p y y(i.e., schema),
(3) metadata and catalog descriptions,
(4) data format definitions, and
(5) source code of the related software tools.
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5. GeoCommons –d f l f hgeo‐datasets are fuel for mashups
GeoCommons is based on FortiusOne, a Washington, D.C. company. The public Beta is released on May 28th 2007 at Where 2.0 Conference.
.
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GeoCommons is to share – not just maps, but data.
U & d• Users & data:(1)allows users to set up an account & profile, and upload and delete their datasets anytime.(2)users can make the map public or private, but datasets must ( ) p p p ,be public. (3)registered users are provided with public URLs for their own maps.
• Data & dataset :(1)It can be tagged, rated, commented on and searched.(2)Shapefile datasets are converted to KML or KMZ . ( ) p(3)Uploaded must be public domain and is licensed as Creative Commons Share Alike ‐ Attribution license.
With 2 billi i f l li d d t fi h lWith 2 billion pieces of localized data: census figures; school district budgets; water‐contamination; traffic‐congestion hot spots; demographics, environmental attributes; political infomation; crime rate; unemployement; etc.
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http://www.directionsmag.com/article.php?article_id=2465http://radar.oreilly.com/archives/2007/05/geocommons_shar.html
http://money.cnn.com/magazines/business2/business2_archive/2007/07/01/100117047/
This 14‐person company is p p yestimated to hit $2.5 million in revenue this yearrevenue this year.
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How GeoCommons Make Money?How GeoCommons Make Money?
METHOD 1: Advertising Revenue
METHOD 2: Fee‐based membership for individuals or organizations
(i i l )(i.e. environmental groups )
METHOD 3: Hosted service for businesses who pay a subscription to
use the tools (e g real estate companies ); and willuse the tools (e.g. real estate companies ); and will
enable private data in the future for an additional cost.
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