09 tanguilig vs ca

8/12/2019 09 Tanguilig vs CA

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/09-tanguilig-vs-ca 1/5

[G.R. No. 117190. January 2, 1997.]

JACINTO TANGUILIG doing buin! und!r "#! na$! and "y%! J.&.T. 'NGIN''RING AN( G'N'RAL&'RC)AN(I*ING, +!"i"ion!r, . COURT O- A'AL* and /IC'NT' )'RC' JR., r!+ond!n".

Riardo C. /a%$on"! or +!"i"ion!r.

R!"i"u"o &. &!ndoa or +ria"! r!+ond!n".

*3LLA4U*

1. CI/IL LA56 CONTRACT6 INT'RR'TATION6 INT'NTION O- T)' ARTI'* *)ALL 4'

ACCOR('( RI&OR(IAL CON*I('RATION. I" i a ardina% ru%! in "#! in"!r+r!"a"ion o on"ra" "#a" "#!in"!n"ion o "#! +ar"i! #a%% b! aord!d +ri$ordia% onid!ra"ion and, in a! o doub", "#!ir on"!$+oran!ou andub!8u!n" a" #a%% b! +rini+a%%y onid!r!d. +rLL

2. O4LIGATION6 NATUR' AN( '--'CT*6 ''&TION -RO& LIA4ILIT3 43 R'A*ON O--ORTUITOU* '/'NT*6 R':UI*IT'*. T#i Cour" #a oni"!n"%y #!%d "#a" in ord!r or a +ar"y "o %ai$!;!$+"ion ro$ %iabi%i"y by r!aon o or"ui"ou !!n" und!r Ar". 117< o "#! Cii% Cod! "#! !!n" #ou%d b! "#! o%!

and +ro;i$a"! au! o "#! %o or d!"ru"ion o "#! ob=!" o "#! on"ra". In Na>+i% . Cour" o A++!a%, No. L?

<7@1 and L? <7@9B, O"ob!r 19@B, 1<< *CRA 9B, our D<E r!8uii"! $u" onurF DaE "#! au! o "#! br!a# o "#!ob%iga"ion $u" b! ind!+!nd!n" o "#! i%% o "#! d!b"or6 DbE "#! !!n" $u" b! !i"#!r unor!!ab%! or unaoidab%!6 DE"#! !!n" $u" b! u# a "o r!nd!r i" i$+oib%! or "#! d!b"or "o u%i%% #i ob%iga"ion in a nor$a% $ann!r6 and, DdE "#!

d!b"or $u" b! r!! ro$ any +ar"ii+a"ion in or aggraa"ion o "#! in=ury "o "#! r!di"or.

. I(.6 I(.6 I(.6 ALICATION O- ART. 11B7 O- T)' CI/IL CO('6 5)'N A 'R*ON O4LIG'( TO

(O *O&'T)ING -AIL* TO (O IT, T)' *A&' *)ALL 4' ''CUT'( AT )I* CO*T. In reciprocal

obligations, neither party incurs in delay if the other does not comply or is not ready to comply in a proper

manner with what is incumbent upon him. (Art. 1169, last par., New Ciil Code! 5#!n "#! ind$i%% ai%!d "oun"ion +ro+!r%y i" b!a$! inu$b!n" u+on +!"i"ion!r "o in"i"u"! "#! +ro+!r r!+air in aordan! i"# "#! guaran"y

"a"!d in "#! on"ra" T#u, r!+ond!n" anno" b! aid "o #a! inurr!d in d!%ay6 in"!ad, i" i +!"i"ion!r #o #ou%d b!ar"#! !;+!n! or "#! r!on"ru"ion o "#! ind$i%%. Article 116" of the Ciil Code is e#plicit on this point that if a

person obliged to do something fails to do it, the same shall be e#ecuted at his cost. %%d

( ' C I * I O N

4'LLO*ILLO, J +F

T#i a! ino%! "#! +ro+!r in"!r+r!"a"ion o "#! on"ra" !n"!r!d in"o b!"!!n "#! +ar"i!.

*o$!"i$! in A+ri% 19@7 +!"i"ion!r Jain"o &. Tangui%ig doing buin! und!r "#! na$! and "y%! J.&.T. 'ngin!!ringand G!n!ra% &!r#andiing +ro+o!d "o r!+ond!n" /i!n"! )!r! Jr. "o on"ru" a ind$i%% y"!$ or #i$. A"!r

o$! n!go"ia"ion "#!y agr!!d on "#! on"ru"ion o "#! ind$i%% or a onid!ra"ion o B0,000.00 i"# a on!?y!arguaran"y ro$ "#! da"! o o$+%!"ion and a!+"an! by r!+ond!n" )!r! Jr. o "#! +ro=!". uruan" "o "#! agr!!$!n"r!+ond!n" +aid +!"i"ion!r a don +ay$!n" o 0,000.00 and an in"a%%$!n" +ay$!n" o 1,000.00, %!aing a ba%an!o 1,000.00.

On 1< &ar# 19@@, du! "o "#! r!ua% and ai%ur! o r!+ond!n" "o +ay "#! ba%an!, +!"i"ion!r i%!d a o$+%ain" "oo%%!" "#! a$oun". In #i An!r b!or! "#! "ria% our" r!+ond!n" d!ni!d "#! %ai$ aying "#a" #! #ad a%r!ady +aid "#i

a$oun" "o "#! *an !dro G!n!ra% &!r#andiing In. D*G&IE #i# on"ru"!d "#! d!!+ !%% "o #i# "#! ind$i%%y"!$ a "o b! onn!"!d. Aording "o r!+ond!n", in! "#! d!!+ !%% or$!d +ar" o "#! y"!$ "#! +ay$!n" #!"!nd!r!d "o *G&I #ou%d b! r!di"!d "o #i aoun" by +!"i"ion!r. &or!o!r, au$ing "#a" #! o!d +!"i"ion!r a

ba%an! o 1,000.00, "#i #ou%d b! o!" by "#! d!!" in "#! ind$i%% y"!$ #i# au!d "#! "ru"ur! "o

o%%a+! a"!r a "rong ind #i" "#!ir +%a!. 1

!"i"ion!r d!ni!d "#a" "#! on"ru"ion o a d!!+ !%% a in%ud!d in "#! agr!!$!n" "o bui%d "#! ind$i%% y"!$, or

"#! on"ra" +ri! o B0,000.00 a o%!%y or "#! ind$i%% a!$b%y and i" in"a%%a"ion, !;%ui! o o"#!r inid!n"a%$a"!ria% n!!d!d or "#! +ro=!". $e also disowned any obligation to repair or reconstruct the system and insisted



that he deliered it in good and wor%ing condition to respondent who accepted the same without protest.

&esides, its collapse was attributable to a typhoon, a force ma'eure, which relieed him of any liability.

In finding for plaintiff, the trial court held that the construction of the deep well was not part of the windmill

pro'ect as eidenced clearly by the letter proposals submitted by petitioner to respondent. 2 It noted that )i*f

the intention of the parties is to include the construction of the deep well in the pro'ect, the same should be

stated in the proposals. In the absence of such an agreement, it could be safely concluded that the construction of

the deep well is not a part of the pro'ect underta%en by the plaintiff. 5i"# r!+!" "o "#! r!+air o "#! ind$i%%,"#! "ria% our" ound "#a" H"#!r! i no %!ar and onining +roo "#a" "#! ind$i%% y"!$ !%% don du! "o "#! d!!" o"#! on"ru"ion.H <

+he Court of Appeals reersed the trial court. It ruled that the construction of the deep well was included in the

agreement of the parties because the term deep well was mentioned in both proposals. It also gae credence to

the testimony of respondents witness -uillermo ili, the proprietor of /-0I which installed the deep well,

that petitioner +anguilig told him that the cost of constructing the deep well would be deducted from the

contract price of 6,.. 2pon these premises the appellate court concluded that respondents payment of

13,. to /-0I should be applied to his remaining balance with petitioner thus effectiely e#tinguishing

his contractual obligation. $oweer, it re'ected petitioners claim of force ma'eure and ordered the latter to

reconstruct the windmill in accordance with the stipulated one4year guaranty.

)i $o"ion or r!onid!ra"ion #aing b!!n d!ni!d by "#! Cour" o A++!a%, +!"i"ion!r no !!> r!%i! ro$ "#i Cour".$e raises two issues5 ir"%y, #!"#!r "#! agr!!$!n" "o on"ru" "#! ind$i%% y"!$ in%ud!d "#! in"a%%a"ion o a

d!!+ !%% and, !ond%y, #!"#!r +!"i"ion!r i und!r ob%iga"ion "o r!on"ru" "#! ind$i%% a"!r i" o%%a+!d.

e reerse the appellate court on the first issue but sustain it on the second.

+he preponderance of eidence supports the finding of the trial court that the installation of a deep well was not

included in the proposals of petitioner to construct a windmill system for respondent. T#!r! !r! in a" "o D2E

+ro+oa%F on! da"!d 19 &ay 19@7 #i# +!gg!d "#! on"ra" +ri! a" @7,000.00 D';#. H1HE. T#i a r!=!"!d byr!+ond!n". T#! o"#!r a ub$i""!d "#r!! day %a"!r, i.!., on 22 &ay 19@7 #i# on"ain!d $or! +!iia"ion bu"

+ro+o!d a %o!r on"ra" +ri! o B0,000.00 D';#. HAHE. T#! %a""!r +ro+oa% a a!+"!d by r!+ond!n" and "#!on"ru"ion i$$!dia"!%y o%%o!d. T#! +!r"in!n" +or"ion o "#! ir" %!""!r?+ro+oa% D';#. H1HE ar! r!+rodu!d

#!r!und!r

In onn!"ion i"# your 5ind$i%% *y"!$ and In"a%%a"ion, ! ou%d %i>! "o 8uo"! "o you a o%%oF

On! D1E *!" 5ind$i%% ui"ab%! or 2 in#! dia$!"!r d!!+!%%, 2 ), a+ai"y, 1< !!" in dia$!"!r, i"# 20 +i!! b%ad!, To!r <0 !!" #ig#, in%uding $!#ani$ #i# i no" adiab%! "o o+!ra"! during !;"ra?in"!ni"y ind.

';%uding y%ind!r +u$+.

UNIT CONTRACT RIC' @7,000.00

T#! !ond %!""!r?+ro+oa% D';#. HAHE +roid! a o%%oF

In onn!"ion i"# your 5ind$i%% y"!$, *u++%y o Labor &a"!ria% and In"a%%a"ion, o+!ra"!d a"!r +u$+, ! ou%d

%i>! "o 8uo"! "o you a o%%o

On! D1E !" 5ind$i%% a!$b%y or 2 in#! or in#! d!!+?!%% +u$+, B *"ro>!, 1< !!" dia$!"!r, 1?%o" b%ad!

$a"!ria%, <0 !!" To!r o$+%!"! i"# "andard a++ur"!nan! u+ "o Cy%ind!r +u$+, #a"ing U.*. ad=u"ab%!In"!rna"iona% &!"a%.

On! D1E %o" Ang%! bar, G. I. +i+!, R!du!r Cou+%ing, '%bo Ga"! a%!, ro T!! ou+%ing.

On! D1E %o" -%oa" a%!.

On! D1E %o" Conr!"ing $a"!ria% ounda"ion.

-. O. 4. Laguna

Con"ra" ri! B0,000.00



9. Ar". 12<0, N! Cii% Cod!.

10. Ar". 12B and 127, N! Cii% Cod! .

11. Na>+i% . Cour" o A++!a%, No. L?<7@1, L?<7@B, L?<7@9B, O"ob!r 19@B, 1<< *CRA 9B6 Na"iona%

o!r Cor+ora"ion . Cour" o A++!a%, G.R. No. L?<779 and <7<@1, 1B &ay 19@@, 1B1 *CRA <6 Na"iona% o!rCor+ora"ion . Cour" o A++!a%, G.R. No. 10<<2?<, 21 &ay 199, 222 *CRA <1.

12. *!! No"! 11.

1. Ro%%o, +. <<.

1<. *!. , +ar. DyE, Ru%! 11, R!i!d Ru%! on 'id!n!.

1. Ar". 11B9, %a" +ar., N! Cii% Cod!.

1B. *!! CA (!iion, +. 76 Ro%%o, +. 27.

09 tanguilig vs ca

Documents