09.10.2015 seite 1 human rights and gender in development cooperation kathrin lottmann joseph...
TRANSCRIPT
21.04.23 Seite 1
Human Rights and Gender in Development Cooperation
Kathrin Lottmann
Joseph Matimbwi
Dar es Salaam – May 2009
21.04.23 Seite 2
Human rights are:
Universal Indivisible Interrelated and
interdependent Freedom and
entitlements of rights holders
Obligation of duty bearers
Legally guaranteed by human rights law
Right to life Right to liberty and
security of person Right to an adequate
standard of living (water, food, housing)
Right to education Right to health Right to development
21.04.23 Seite 3
Germany’s Commitment
Objectives
systematically integrating human rights into German development policy
supporting processes at global, regional and national level, that are contributing to the realisation of human rights.
includes such measures as promoting the implementation of international human rights conventions
foresees to step up support to human rights institutions
strengthen human rights work in association with civil society and non-governmental organisations
In 2004 the German Federal Ministry of Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ) adopted its first Development Policy Action Plan on Human Rights.(2008 – 2010)
It says “Every person has a right to development”
21.04.23 Seite 4
Human Rights in Tanzania
Bill of Rights was incorporated into the Constitution in 1984 Guarantee of fundamental human rights
• Right to life • Social welfare (security)• Article 8 (b) “…The primary objective of the Government shall be the welfare of the people”
Tanzania ratified some core international human rights treaties, for example;
• The International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) – in 1976
• The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) – in 1976• The Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women
(CEDAW) – 1985• The Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) – 1991
Existence of human rights institutions• Commission for Human Rights and Good Governance - 2001• Legal and Human Rights Centre - 1995
21.04.23 Seite 5
Why human rights in development cooperation?
Instrumental to development strategies Addresses power inequalities and discrimination Deals with weaknesses in accountability systems Objective framework to manage conflicts and seek
redress
Intrinsic value based on universal values Universal legal standards for a life with dignity
21.04.23 Seite 6
Development challenge - Rights not fulfilled
Basic /structural causes
Society, Policies, Resources
Underlying causes
Services, Access, Practices
Immediate causes
Status, and direct influences
21.04.23 Seite 7
HRBA - Conceptual framework
Lens of analysisObligation for accountabilityMinimal service standardsPlanning and action frameworkCooperation
21.04.23 Seite 8
Lens of Analysis Entitlements Duties Disadvantaged / underserved Groups Violations of HR principles Responsibilities
Minimal Service Standards Accessibility Affordability Appropriateness Relevance Quality
21.04.23 Seite 9
Planning- and Action Framework Good Governance Poverty Orientation Participation Empowerment Non-Discrimination Gender Rights
Broadening Partnership and Cooperation Partners creating Coalition Building Networking
21.04.23 Seite 10
The right to health
Tanzanian German Programme to Support Health supports the health sector process in Tanzania in achieving its goal “to improve the health and well-being of all Tanzanians with a focus on those most at risk ...“
A Human Rights Based Approach in TGPSH
Support from GTZ cross-sectoral project: Realizing Human Rights in Development Cooperation
Conducted a Workshop with component leaders Identfied challenges and crosscutting issues Recommended entry points Developed Activities and M&E
21.04.23 Seite 11
TGPSH Human Rights Orientation
access to information on health rights so as to be able to claim them and to use reproductive health and HIV/AIDS services
adopting measures to abolish harmful traditional practices affecting the health of children and young people
advocating for the human rights of vulnerable groups decentralised structures at district level i.e. Council Health
Service Boards (CHSB), for both male and female representatives of the health administration
enhancing the capacity of health service providers to provide quality services
modular training course on district health management. development of pro-poor health financing models – in
cooperation with TNCHF support participation of district medical officers in a public
health master course at MUHAS
21.04.23 Seite 12
Further HR strengthening is based on:
More information on health rights and services Supporting the health care ethics initiative Facilitating links between RHS and legal aid
services Networking with NGOs – Advocacy for the right to
health and its underlying determinants Encouraging participation in the InWent/WHO e-
learning course on health and human rights Strengthening equal and meaningful participation
in local health structures and decision making processes
Following up policy issues via networking etc.
21.04.23 Seite 13
Challenges The need to address gaps in legislation and policy
The definition of a child Marriage law The restrictive abortion law The education sector – expelling of
pregnant girls from schoolRestrictions of the right to privacy and
confidentiality by the HIV/AIDS prevention and control act.
The need to better inform rights holders on where to seek advice and redress, in case their rights have been violated.
21.04.23 Seite 14
Gender rights...... are always Human
RightsGender equality = women and men enjoy the same status = equal conditions and opportunities for exercising their
human rights TGPSH considers Gender and Human Rights together
Tanzania has ratified core international and regional human rights treaties aimed at promoting and safeguarding gender equality
Gender = cross-cutting issue
21.04.23 Seite 15
“Mainstreaming” Gender within TGPSH
Conducted a gender study analyzing the gender sensitive work within TGPSH; came up with recommendations
TGPSH-Workshop on gender and HRo Developed a Gender-HR-matrix providing an
overview of related activities
Gender and Human rights sensitive approach included in the routine work nothing additional; easy to adopt
21.04.23 Seite 16
TGPSH Gender orientation - so far
Gender focal person appointed
Gender sensitivity to be included in the annual staff performance assessments, if applicable (e.g. focal person)
Gender and HR are on the Management-Team-Meeting agenda
Gender is part of the Results-Based-Monitoring
Gender specific activities, e.g.»Male involvement enhanced (PMTCT, Family Planning)» Equal opportunity policy observed in recruitment»Gender balanced selection of participants in trainings
such as peer education, community based distributors, council health service board members etc.
21.04.23 Seite 17
Further Gender strengthening I Enhance inter-component cooperation on gender specific
topics, e.g. maternal mortality Repro, Health Financing, Quality Management and PPP
component should discuss the possibilities of improving infrastructure for transport for pregnant women to the hospitals and health facilities
Cooperation with Development Partners and the Ministry of Health, e.g.: join Development Partner Group Gender advocate for including aspects of gender relevance in
national strategy papers/guidelines support the Ministry in further adapting and
implementing the WHO tool on gender mainstreaming in HIV/AIDS counseling and treatment in the Tanzanian context
21.04.23 Seite 18
Further Gender strengthening II
Conduct operational research on, e.g.: early pregnancies and the prevalence of sexual
violence at schools women’s access to health care through community
health funds gender-specific movement patterns of health
personnel for health services Discuss the topic of sexual corruption and harassment in
workplace programme trainings for public and private sector
Advocate for change of the practice expelling pregnant school girls from school and support respective NGO movement
21.04.23 Seite 19
Asanteni sana