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8 Suppose there are three countries A, B and C with different configuration on, say, executive powers to dissolve the

legislature. There are two columns capturing whether a particular executive has the power. Alternative 1 is to count

the first column only, making A and C look more similar than they are. Alternative 2 is to aggregate the columns, so

that A and B look more similar than they are. Our choice of entering 0 in the lower right cell preserves the diversity

of A, B and C and hence may be a superior alternative.

Head of State Head of Government

A (Parliamentary) 0 1

B (Semi-Presidential) 1 0

C (Presidential) 0 ?

0

.

1

0

.

1

194 196 198 200 194 196 198 200

Parliamentar Semi

Presidentia Unclassifie

YeaGraphs by

0

.

1

0

.

1

194 196 198 200 194 196 198 200

Parliamentar Semi

Presidentia Unclassifie

YeaGraphs by

o

o

o

o

o

o

o

o

Fish, M. Steven and Mathew Kroenig. 2009. The Handbook of National Legislatures: A Global

Survey. New York: Cambridge University Press.