1. 2 3 4 5 6 discrepancy between average wmap observed and rosat predicted sunyaev- zel'dovich...
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Discrepancy between average WMAP observed and ROSAT predicted
Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect profiles of 31 clusters (2006 ApJ, 648, 176)
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2/ dof=1.67
2/ dof=1.25
GAL. ABS. x MEKAL
GAL. ABS. x (MEKAL+PO)
SOFT EXCESS
HARD EXCESS?
POWER-LAW SAME
LUMINOSITY AS THERMAL EMISSION!
Substantial non-thermal fraction of cluster X-ray
fluxnot only explains
soft and hard excess, but is
also the reasonwhy such a
feeble SZ effect among clusters on the whole
How much is a cluster's 2-7 keV flux thermal?
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Giant radio halo A 2163
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Density
Specific Entropy
Entropy/ Volume
Zanni et al, A & A, Vol 429, p399
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CONSEQUENCES OF ALFVENIC HEATING MODEL
1. The S-Z effect may be probe of cluster non-thermal processes, not cosmology.
2. Contribution of thermal medium to cluster mass overestimated when anomalous SZE. Abundances underestimated.
3. Anomalous S-Z results could be associated with:• active AGN with cluster scale X-ray jets or radio jets• or radio 'ridges‘• or radio halos• or recent cluster merger.
4. Full S-Z effect likely in clusters well fitting a thermal temperature distribution, apart from possible cooling flow.
5. EUV and Hard excess likely where there is large-scale cluster medium turbulence.
6. Extended cluster radio emission enhancement of the same model7. Active cluster medium is a more important cosmic ray source than in our
galaxy.