Aleppo pine afforestation in the Massif del Caroig, Eastern Spain

The impact on soil water repellency and infiltration rates

Paloma Hueso and co-workers (2014; 2015) researched the impact of soil treatment on soil erosion and

organic matter recovery in Mediterranean types ecosystems and they demonstrated that the surface wash

and the soil quality is determined by the soil management. Afforestation and proper management with

fertilizers, mulches and vegetation recovery, are common strategies to flight against soil erosion in

Mediterranean type ecosystems Garci a Orenes et al., 2010; Barbera et al., 2012; Garci a Orenes et al., 2012;

Mekuria and Aynekulu, 2013; Jimenez et al., 2015; Tengberg et al., 2015; Tesfaye et al., 2015). However,

Hueso et al., (2014; 2015) did not paid attention to the impact that water repellency can trigger in the runoff

generation and water repellency when soils increase the organic matter.

In Eastern Spain, afforestation with Aleppo Pine (Pinus halepensis Mill.) was very popular during the XX

century, although little is know about his impact on soil hydrology. Many of the impacts of afforestation were

found positive (Garci a et al., 2000; Maestre et al., 2003; Bellot et al., 2004; Maestre and Cortina, 2004;

Chirino et al., 2006; Querejeta et al., 2008; ). This research shows the impact of Pinus halepensis Mill. on soil

water repellency, in comparison to the natural scrubland and the cover of Quercus ilex.

Within the El Teularet-Sierra de Enguera Experimental Station five types of vegetation covers were selected:

Pinus halepensis, Quercus Ilex, Quercus coccifera, Rosmarinus officinalis, Thymus vulgaris and

Brachypodium retusum. The Water Drop Penetration Time method (Cerda and Doerr; 2007; 2008) was

applied. A hundred drops were applied at the soil surface, 1, 2, 5 and 10 cm depth 5 times along the year

2013 under different soil moisture content. The results show that the water repllency of the soils is: Pinus

halepensis > Quercus coccifera > Rosmarinus officinalis > Quercus ilex > Thymus vulgaris > Brachypodium

retusum. This is related to the higher organic matter content and the production of water repellent substances

by the vegetation.

Artemi Cerda (1), Oscar Gonza lez Pelayo (1), Antonio Jordan (2), Jorge

Mataix Solera (3), and Xavier Ubeda (4) (1) Soil Erosion and Degradation Research Group, Department of Geography, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.

artemio.cerda@uv.es / Oscar.Gonzalez-Pelayo@uv.es/ www.soilerosion.eu, (2) MED_Soil Research Group. Dep. of

Crystallography, Mineralogy and Agricultural Chemistry, University of Seville, Spain. ajordan@us.es, (3) Environmental

Soil Science Group. Department of Agrochemistry and Environment. Miguel Herna ndez University, Avda. de la

Universidad s/n, Elche, Alicante, Spain, Jorge.mataix@umh.es , (4) Grup de Recerca Ambiental Mediterra nia (GRAM)

Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Geografia I Histo ria, Montalegre 6, 08001 Barcelona, xubeda@gmail.com

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Geophysical Research Abstracts

Vol. 17, EGU2015-10877, 2015

EGU General Assembly 2015

© Author(s) 2015. CC Attribution 3.0 License.

Acknowledgements

The research projects GL2008-02879/BTE, LEDDRA

243857 and RECARE supported this research.

1 Winter dry2 Spring wet3 Summerdry4 Autum wet5 Winter wet

Plot Pinus halepensis Quercus coccifera Rosmarinus officianalis Ulex parviflorus Brachypodium sp

nº 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4

1 58 9 45 26 65 15 9 8 1 2 9 2 9 6 0 0 0 9 0 6 2 0 15 6

2 5 8 115 8 2 12 8 8 2 8 6 0 9 5 2 1 1 9 2 5 1 1 12 5

3 6 15 5 9 15 0 1 5 1 9 15 3 14 8 0 69 3 14 0 2 2 0 14 3

4 5 2 2 5 3 2 8 8 9 5 1 6 1 2 0 56 0 1 0 0 5 2 12 2

5 8 5 5 6 2 6 5 58 1 2 95 3 5 9 0 58 0 5 0 6 2 1 5 6

6 56 5 25 4 5 5 1 8 0 3 48 5 16 5 6 1 2 16 6 8 1 3 16 5

7 6 2 68 33 6 9 3 65 15 2 54 3 2 1 5 0 0 2 5 6 2 2 3 1

8 6 2 5 2 5 8 6 5 0 5 3 6 1 6 9 6 5 1 9 5 15 5 1 2

9 6 3 56 4 8 4 5 88 2 0 26 5 25 3 3 1 0 25 3 9 1 3 25 3

10 2 2 5 5 9 12 3 5 0 2 15 9 5 5 2 4 1 5 2 5 2 1 1 5

11 4 6 4 2 8 54 1 5 3 1 12 4 9 9 5 1 0 9 5 1 1 1 2 4

12 9 6 4 4 4 65 9 86 6 5 2 2 33 8 4 0 1 33 4 2 2 2 33 8

13 63 2 45 5 8 4 8 52 5 2 6 1 8 5 8 5 1 8 8 2 1 0 2 5

14 2 9 4 1 5 52 1 102 9 5 8 5 5 8 5 2 1 5 5 5 2 1 5 2

15 54 8 78 32 4 4 0 88 15 2 5 0 4 6 6 3 3 4 6 5 5 3 4 6

16 69 15 8 1 8 6 7 6 14 5 4 0 9 5 5 6 2 9 5 6 2 0 2 5

17 1 15 202 2 7 8 1 150 18 3 0 2 8 9 2 2 0 8 2 8 3 1 3 2

18 8 9 6 24 45 5 3 65 19 6 3 3 1 3 3 2 1 1 3 0 2 0 5 3

19 9 16 8 5 1 4 8 32 32 5 6 2 0 7 6 35 2 0 6 2 35 1 45 6

20 5 19 65 5 1 6 5 97 36 8 9 5 14 5 9 32 0 14 9 2 49 0 25 5

21 8 5 3 2 6 5 9 64 35 6 4 6 2 9 4 39 2 2 4 4 39 2 2 4

22 85 18 45 21 5 9 1 4 14 5 4 2 58 7 7 5 5 58 7 8 21 0 58 7

23 8 19 47 5 8 44 0 39 2 5 8 3 15 8 2 1 0 15 2 6 26 0 4 5

24 2 7 126 1 5 3 8 5 3 9 9 2 2 4 4 1 1 2 4 23 1 0 2 4

25 4 18 8 2 32 2 4 45 6 5 3 5 6 9 1 6 2 6 1 3 26 3 6 1

26 96 20 45 5 2 2 5 64 1 9 6 6 15 2 2 2 1 15 2 2 2 1 5 2

27 8 21 9 74 8 5 5 6 4 5 4 2 16 8 8 8 3 16 8 4 31 0 6 0

28 5 8 8 36 24 6 2 8 8 8 5 3 20 9 0 3 2 20 0 8 3 0 8 0

29 98 26 5 48 2 5 1 9 8 5 9 2 12 9 0 5 0 12 0 3 2 0 5 0

30 5 26 6 5 5 9 0 61 15 6 5 6 5 9 2 6 1 5 2 6 26 1 7 2

31 5 29 58 6 2 8 1 47 12 5 8 0 85 3 7 3 0 85 7 2 3 2 5 3

32 45 25 4 2 5 6 1 156 14 8 5 0 3 2 2 25 0 3 2 5 0 0 8 2

33 5 1 5 5 8 5 0 9 15 4 9 0 1 9 5 2 0 1 5 3 2 1 2 5

34 9 2 8 8 5 89 8 97 15 1 3 2 25 1 1 2 0 25 1 6 6 0 8 1

35 36 5 7 9 1 84 8 8 16 4 2 5 89 8 4 5 0 89 4 5 2 1 6 4

36 25 52 5 8 9 58 5 9 2 5 1 0 2 2 9 22 0 2 9 2 3 0 15 2

37 2 8 6 8 6 42 8 79 12 8 4 2 52 3 3 19 2 52 3 0 6 2 6 3

38 2 2 5 29 6 15 8 98 14 2 5 3 2 5 5 32 0 2 5 8 5 1 5 5

39 36 3 2 36 9 15 9 35 15 9 8 6 5 2 8 2 0 5 8 0 2 0 8 6

40 96 21 3 9 8 24 6 97 1 8 7 5 7 5 5 3 2 7 5 2 3 2 6 5

41 89 5 2 8 8 12 3 9 0 5 6 1 6 2 2 6 0 6 2 6 6 0 8 2

42 99 26 99 9 9 3 4 25 1 6 65 0 78 2 9 2 0 0 9 6 2 0 6 4

43 52 2 105 9 9 2 5 7 15 5 86 2 15 3 2 6 0 15 2 0 1 1 8 2

44 98 5 165 8 5 26 1 79 12 8 59 1 12 6 8 5 0 12 8 9 5 0 9 8

45 2 28 123 8 8 5 2 9 14 9 6 5 98 9 8 2 0 98 8 6 2 2 8 9

46 95 9 33 8 7 2 58 87 18 5 2 2 12 6 6 4 2 12 6 5 5 0 5 6

47 2 2 8 9 4 3 0 65 0 8 5 3 5 3 3 2 0 5 3 4 2 0 8 3

48 95 8 35 8 8 25 8 35 2 9 6 0 16 2 9 6 0 16 9 6 5 0 1 2

49 94 22 58 9 5 1 0 36 1 6 3 0 102 3 0 2 1 0 0 5 2 1 5 0

50 11 32 15 32 47 2 0 15 3 5 8 0 1 0 0 8 2 1 0 8 5 0 4 0

51 66 5 45 9 41 51 8 96 15 20 5 0 25 0 0 3 1 25 0 5 3 1 2 0

52 52 65 7 33 14 0 85 4 12 2 6 3 109 6 4 5 2 5 4 9 5 0 8 0

53 4 12 9 8 5 2 6 69 14 5 3 6 2 3 0 6 2 2 0 3 2 2 2 0

54 25 12 65 8 6 1 0 65 15 0 6 6 33 6 1 3 0 33 1 6 3 0 5 1

55 5 3 3 25 89 0 8 4 0 0 7 5 2 3 5 3 0 2 5 6 5 0 5 2

56 45 18 97 8 8 2 0 97 1 2 5 5 15 6 1 3 4 15 1 5 3 1 46 1

57 9 19 12 69 7 5 9 98 0 5 8 4 2 3 0 2 5 2 0 8 6 2 8 0

58 2 52 45 9 52 3 5 48 1 96 9 0 2 5 8 5 5 2 8 2 5 0 6 5

59 95 56 56 9 2 5 6 64 23 5 8 3 6 6 0 3 1 6 0 2 2 1 5 0

60 95 54 8 8 5 6 1 65 26 2 4 6 58 2 2 26 5 58 2 4 0 0 8 2

61 2 58 7 8 8 5 0 1 25 2 6 2 12 1 7 25 1 12 7 2 0 1 6 1

62 95 59 5 8 54 8 5 3 21 1 5 9 96 9 1 2 0 96 1 9 0 0 9 1

63 94 30 2 8 5 5 2 1 2 5 2 5 16 5 5 3 1 16 5 2 0 0 8 5

64 9 26 3 8 8 9 6 46 0 2 9 2 3 0 0 0 0 3 0 5 0 1 6 0

65 26 25 56 8 2 6 5 49 9 2 8 3 35 9 9 2 5 35 9 9 0 0 89 1

66 45 21 2 9 21 5 0 64 8 5 9 1 25 9 8 0 5 0 8 9 0 1 8 2

67 9 3 5 8 5 8 1 64 0 2 3 1 26 8 1 15 0 26 1 8 0 0 4 1

68 9 6 8 8 6 5 0 95 65 5 5 2 2 0 0 19 1 2 0 5 0 2 8 0

69 78 65 120 8 31 6 1 7 0 0 6 5 33 2 9 36 15 33 9 6 0 0 5 2

70 9 25 5 8 25 5 1 8 98 0 3 0 2 3 8 32 0 2 8 3 0 1 69 3

71 4 9 5 9 8 8 0 9 6 1 3 0 5 5 5 0 2 5 5 33 0 2 8 5

72 58 3 160 9 2 5 1 8 5 0 6 0 4 5 2 4 2 4 2 1 0 0 2 2

73 5 6 5 8 8 9 0 6 1 1 5 0 2 5 5 26 0 2 5 9 0 1 5 5

74 8 35 4 8 2 5 2 9 0 2 5 0 45 8 9 105 1 45 9 5 0 0 6 3

75 2 2 2 5 8 6 0 9 9 5 9 3 74 2 2 8 4 74 2 6 0 1 35 2

76 69 63 1 9 2 4 0 9 1 6 8 2 3 6 9 5 0 3 9 8 2 0 3 6

77 6 2 2 96 6 8 0 105 4 5 2 1 5 5 5 5 1 5 5 2 5 2 5 5

78 45 5 332 4 9 5 1 162 8 8 56 5 15 9 2 6 0 15 2 4 5 0 8 2

79 4 6 5 7 5 8 4 9 9 5 5 56 3 4 4 5 1 3 4 5 2 1 3 4

80 9 36 8 87 4 95 0 89 3 9 9 6 8 6 9 6 0 8 9 8 0 2 8 6

81 5 5 5 5 2 9 4 5 5 5 0 5 95 6 9 8 0 95 9 0 0 0 8 6

82 98 32 9 6 1 8 0 3 6 8 9 6 1 6 5 2 4 1 5 9 2 1 1 5

83 9 4 226 5 5 65 1 5 5 5 9 4 8 6 6 3 1 8 6 9 2 0 8 6

84 94 9 9 9 9 8 5 98 8 3 3 2 3 5 2 3 0 3 2 9 3 1 3 2

320 9 8 36 5 8 25 0 4 8 0 9 2 2 9 0 5 0 2 0 5 0 2 35 0 5

321 9 65 2 6 26 4 1 52 9 3 2 6 59 1 9 10 0 5 9 2 10 0 26 1 2

322 65 4 8 9 4 6 0 8 8 6 9 5 8 9 8 2 0 8 8 1 1 2 29 0 5

323 6 8 99 8 8 2 0 8 9 9 9 8 96 6 5 5 5 96 5 4 9 3 4 2 2

324 5 5 6 5 5 68 8 33 8 9 8 2 58 5 1 6 2 58 1 2 6 2 4 1 5

325 9 8 5 6 8 4 5 5 26 6 5 3 59 5 0 2 5 59 0 5 8 2 4 0 6

326 8 0 356 4 0 2 5 6 2 9 4 9 5 2 2 5 2 5 2 4 2 2 7 2 3

327 5 2 458 8 2 58 2 25 5 9 9 2 6 6 8 2 5 6 8 2 0 2 7 3 2

328 32 5 26 5 5 2 3 4 2 5 5 0 59 5 5 4 2 59 5 5 2 2 8 2 1

329 3 6 39 4 6 8 8 24 5 5 9 0 2 2 5 2 5 2 5 2 1 2 8 5 2

330 2 3 56 7 3 2 8 2 2 9 4 0 5 4 8 6 2 5 8 4 23 2 82 2 1

331 5 2 159 8 2 8 8 98 3 8 8 0 65 5 5 5 5 65 5 8 26 2 2 5 4

332 6 5 185 9 5 36 5 68 5 5 8 2 6 2 5 25 2 6 5 8 25 2 2 2 1

333 5 1 148 5 1 9 8 5 5 6 8 5 8 3 8 5 5 8 8 2 0 2 23 3 5

334 8 5 33 8 89 8 4 9 4 2 5 2 69 5 5 2 2 9 5 5 2 2 2 5 1

335 9 98 98 6 102 5 5 97 8 1 9 5 25 3 3 5 1 25 3 8 1 2 26 3 5

336 4 6 66 9 87 6 5 33 4 0 5 6 32 5 5 2 2 32 5 5 0 2 2 5 2

337 5 5 158 5 8 8 9 9 47 1 7 2 25 3 3 5 0 25 3 8 2 5 21 3 5

338 8 93 198 8 8 5 8 26 8 4 5 6 32 5 8 25 1 32 8 5 1 2 55 5 6

339 89 6 25 9 8 9 4 9 2 8 0 5 15 6 2 2 2 15 2 0 2 5 2 3 5

340 6 0 26 5 8 4 55 6 8 5 8 2 12 5 8 5 1 12 8 8 26 3 21 5 5

341 5 0 98 8 5 5 1 35 2 4 8 4 14 4 4 6 0 14 4 8 25 2 2 4 0

342 8 0 98 6 8 2 2 69 8 5 2 2 12 8 8 5 1 12 8 2 24 5 2 5 0

343 9 1 66 4 5 1 4 4 2 4 6 1 1 4 4 8 2 1 4 8 6 2 2 4 0

344 6 36 35 5 33 5 2 5 8 8 5 5 3 8 8 5 2 5 8 8 2 0 4 8 1

345 5 35 105 8 56 4 1 6 6 5 2 2 16 5 5 9 1 16 5 2 6 1 4 5 1

346 8 39 205 9 12 6 6 85 5 2 6 3 19 4 8 5 0 19 8 6 2 1 5 4 0

347 9 1 123 5 8 9 1 8 8 6 33 5 25 5 6 9 1 25 6 9 5 1 4 5 0

348 8 2 698 6 8 8 5 8 5 5 26 1 5 8 6 5 1 5 6 0 2 1 5 8 0

349 33 6 58 3 8 56 1 8 9 8 56 5 0 5 3 2 0 0 3 4 5 1 4 2 0

350 8 1 69 2 8 8 5 8 5 2 25 5 5 3 2 52 1 5 2 4 2 1 6 3 0

351 9 9 26 52 8 2 2 65 8 8 69 5 0 2 5 5 0 0 5 7 5 1 8 2 0

352 5 1 24 2 5 6 0 8 6 2 9 6 1 4 5 2 1 1 5 4 2 1 5 5 0

353 8 0 2 1 4 5 0 15 5 8 9 5 0 8 5 2 0 5 5 4 2 2 8 2 0

354 5 2 8 5 7 8 1 8 8 5 5 9 9 3 8 3 1 9 8 5 2 1 8 3 3

355 9 4 39 8 7 4 2 8 2 5 8 5 6 2 5 33 0 6 5 8 2 2 5 2 2

356 3 8 59 8 8 8 8 8 8 58 2 8 58 5 8 56 1 58 8 2 2 1 4 5 6

357 6 6 84 7 9 89 8 8 5 5 9 9 4 3 2 59 0 4 2 5 2 3 5 3 2

358 5 5 69 4 9 5 6 8 2 5 8 0 2 14 14 57 1 2 14 8 26 2 9 14 5

359 9 5 98 5 6 4 8 35 5 2 6 2 5 6 2 5 0 5 2 5 29 5 9 5 6

360 5 4 526 6 5 78 8 8 8 6 5 0 48 5 2 2 1 48 2 5 28 6 9 5 2

361 9 8 336 9 4 5 5 68 6 5 2 0 9 6 4 5 0 9 4 2 15 2 9 4 5

362 8 5 9 8 9 8 8 45 5 9 5 0 86 9 2 2 0 86 2 8 25 0 9 2 6

363 9 8 8 8 5 2 9 85 8 2 3 1 8 6 5 5 1 8 5 3 1 0 9 5 5

364 8 2 8 5 8 88 8 120 2 9 8 10 0 2 8 25 0 0 8 8 0 2 8 2 2

365 8 5 65 8 8 22 9 159 3 5 6 0 2 5 5 9 0 2 5 9 1 5 7 5 0

366 97 4 48 48 8 1 8 26 6 8 3 2 38 9 5 8 0 38 5 3 1 6 8 2 2

367 45 8 25 75 3 32 8 25 5 2 5 1 9 5 5 8 3 9 5 3 1 3 25 5 0

368 12 5 98 89 8 8 9 33 8 6 6 2 8 9 2 6 0 8 2 6 1 5 2 2 2

369 4 8 6 56 8 2 8 154 9 5 5 5 3 6 5 8 1 3 95 5 1 3 21 5 0

370 5 2 8 9 7 8 5 25 6 8 6 6 89 9 5 6 2 9 9 1 0 2 23 3 2

371 4 2 7 8 8 4 6 15 5 2 1 22 35 6 9 5 1 35 9 1 1 5 25 5 1

372 8 3 35 8 9 2 5 48 8 9 5 5 0 9 4 86 0 0 4 2 1 3 24 4 5

373 7 5 5 9 7 5 2 25 8 6 8 2 28 3 6 8 2 28 6 8 35 6 21 3 2

374 85 6 6 8 8 6 6 26 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 6 1 5 4 1 65 5 12 5 5

375 4 9 36 5 9 3 5 98 2 8 2 6 6 8 2 9 0 6 2 2 24 2 1 2 2

376 85 8 5 5 9 25 1 45 5 2 6 2 9 5 7 5 0 9 7 9 51 3 29 5 5

377 8 5 8 6 9 6 2 78 8 8 8 6 6 3 8 9 0 6 68 0 1 6 19 3 3

378 68 35 9 65 8 0 1 21 6 8 2 9 2 5 5 5 0 2 5 2 0 5 66 5 5

379 5 68 69 5 9 1 0 25 9 5 5 9 5 7 9 8 0 5 9 7 1 2 56 3 5

380 8 7 8 4 9 0 1 9 5 4 5 6 2 8 9 5 0 2 9 5 23 3 35 6 6

381 58 4 85 7 44 2 2 8 8 8 8 5 63 5 5 8 1 63 5 4 25 6 2 5 0

382 5 8 9 8 8 1 8 4 3 9 5 2 5 7 3 5 2 5 3 2 24 5 2 3 0

383 8 8 48 9 8 5 5 25 6 2 4 2 14 6 6 9 1 14 6 4 23 2 2 6 0

384 85 8 5 8 7 2 4 65 5 2 5 0 52 8 9 58 2 52 9 2 0 5 35 3 0

385 8 25 4 8 7 58 5 36 8 41 8 0 8 6 9 5 1 5 9 4 5 3 26 6 0

386 6 2 5 33 8 8 8 59 5 5 5 0 98 5 5 98 4 65 5 5 2 6 28 5 2

387 5 1 56 8 8 8 5 58 6 4 7 1 8 8 9 6 2 8 9 7 6 5 2 9 2

388 9 25 8 5 8 56 5 18 8 8 5 4 32 5 6 8 5 25 6 4 26 2 2 6 0

389 8 0 5 8 9 85 1 94 5 5 7 0 25 3 9 5 3 25 9 7 2 5 54 9 1

390 7 23 8 7 8 4 2 58 6 8 5 1 105 8 9 2 2 63 9 4 6 6 29 8 0

391 4 25 4 4 5 4 5 5 3 5 5 10 65 5 9 5 6 9 9 7 2 5 2 2 0

392 5 26 8 5 26 7 9 65 6 8 9 0 0 8 8 19 0 0 8 4 1 5 2 5 2

393 89 8 5 8 8 8 8 48 5 2 7 2 8 5 4 15 2 8 4 7 3 2 1 2 5

394 6 8 59 6 8 4 6 75 9 8 4 2 9 3 9 16 2 9 9 4 2 5 1 3 2

395 5 8 58 5 8 23 4 8 5 6 7 0 2 5 9 5 2 2 9 7 29 2 2 5 0

396 9 4 56 9 4 6 1 4 6 5 9 2 5 3 9 2 5 5 9 4 1 3 2 2 0

397 98 8 8 9 8 9 5 22 9 9 7 5 6 0 9 4 2 6 9 7 0 2 1 0 0

398 56 9 9 6 9 8 1 6 9 6 9 0 5 2 2 2 0 5 2 8 2 2 1 2 5

399 102 6 5 6 9 10 5 5 6 8 7 9 9 0 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 1 0 5

400 56 9 9 4 5 8 4 68 4 5 5 7 7 6 7 8 7 8 7 7 8 4 5 6 8

23 14 59 12 10 12 6 41 9 6 10 4 27 7 5 9 3 23 6 5 8 2 13 4 3