1& 2. Pattern of earthquake, volcano, and mountain range on the Earth

Matches the location of the plate boundaries. Most earthquakes, volcanoes and mountain ranges are located on the plate edges.

3. Which parts of U.S. are most likely to experience earthquakes and volcanic activity?

4. Which “hot spot” volcano is not located near a plate boundary?

Hawaii

EarthquakesEarthquakesFocusFocus (plural is foci)- is the point of (plural is foci)- is the point of origin or where the energy is first origin or where the energy is first released in an earthquake.released in an earthquake.

EarthquakesEarthquakes

Earthquake TypeEarthquake Type FocusFocus

ShallowShallow <70 km<70 km

IntermediateIntermediate 70-300 km70-300 km

DeepDeep >300 km>300 km

EarthquakesEarthquakes

EpicenterEpicenter- the point on the Earth’s surface - the point on the Earth’s surface directly above the earthquake focus.directly above the earthquake focus.

EarthquakesEarthquakes P Waves-P Waves-

– Called primary waves or pressure wavesCalled primary waves or pressure waves– Fastest of all the wavesFastest of all the waves– Can move through solids or liquidsCan move through solids or liquids– Move up to 5 km/secMove up to 5 km/sec

EarthquakeEarthquake S WaveS Wave

– Called Secondary or Shear WavesCalled Secondary or Shear Waves– Can only pass through solid rockCan only pass through solid rock– Move up or down or side to sideMove up or down or side to side– Moves at a speed of 2.5 km/secMoves at a speed of 2.5 km/sec

EarthquakeEarthquake

P waves and S waves are also called P waves and S waves are also called Body WavesBody Waves because they travel because they travel through the body of the Earth.through the body of the Earth.

EarthquakesEarthquakes Surface WavesSurface Waves

– Cause the most damageCause the most damage– Can be either P or S waves that reach the surfaceCan be either P or S waves that reach the surface

Love Waves- side to side motion

Rayleigh Waves- circular motion like that of an ocean wave

EarthquakesEarthquakes Scientists study the motion of seismic waves Scientists study the motion of seismic waves

to get a picture of what the interior of the to get a picture of what the interior of the Earth looks like.Earth looks like.