1 2007 annual ministerial review of the high level segment of ecosoc geneva, 2-5 july, 2007 ministry...

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2007 Annual Ministerial Review of the 2007 Annual Ministerial Review of the High Level Segment of ECOSOCHigh Level Segment of ECOSOC

Geneva, 2-5 July, 2007Geneva, 2-5 July, 2007

Ministry of PlanningMinistry of Planning

Royal Government of CambodiaRoyal Government of Cambodia

ACHIEVING CAMBODIA MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS: CHALLENGES AND

OPPORTUNITIES

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Socio-economic SituationSocio-economic Situation

Progress in Achieving CMDGs Progress in Achieving CMDGs

Achievement & Gaps in realizing CMDGsAchievement & Gaps in realizing CMDGs

National Strategic Development Plan (NSDP) National Strategic Development Plan (NSDP) 2006-2010.2006-2010.

Development ChallengesDevelopment Challenges

Way forwardWay forward

OUTLINE OF PRESENTATIONOUTLINE OF PRESENTATION

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• Total Population (2006)Total Population (2006) :: 14.08 million14.08 million• Annual population growth (2004)Annual population growth (2004) : 1.81%: 1.81%• Population in age group (15-64)Population in age group (15-64) : 57% : 57% • Children under 15 yearsChildren under 15 years : 39%: 39%• Population over 65 yearPopulation over 65 year : 5%: 5%• GDP per capita (2006)GDP per capita (2006) : US$ : US$

513513• Annual GDP growth (2006)Annual GDP growth (2006) : 10.80 : 10.80

%%• Inflation rate (2006)Inflation rate (2006) : 4.7%: 4.7%• Exchange rate stable US$=RielExchange rate stable US$=Riel : 4,103: 4,103

CAMBODIA SOCIO-ECONOMIC CAMBODIA SOCIO-ECONOMIC SITUATIONSITUATION

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Global MDGs Vs Cambodia Global MDGs Vs Cambodia MDGsMDGs

Global MDGsGlobal MDGs

Timeframe: 1990 to 2015 “Timeframe: 1990 to 2015 “88 Goals, Goals, 1818 Targets (T) and Targets (T) and 4848 Indicators (Is)”Indicators (Is)”

Goal 1: Goal 1: 2 T & 5 Is2 T & 5 Is

Goal 2:Goal 2: 1 T & 3 Is 1 T & 3 IsGoal 3:Goal 3: 1 T & 4 Is 1 T & 4 IsGoal 4:Goal 4: 1 T & 3 Is 1 T & 3 IsGoal 5:Goal 5: 1 T & 2 Is 1 T & 2 IsGoal 6:Goal 6: 2 T & 7 Is 2 T & 7 IsGoal 7:Goal 7: 3 T & 8 Is 3 T & 8 IsGoal 8:Goal 8: 7 T & 16 Is 7 T & 16 Is

Cambodia MDGsCambodia MDGs

1993 to 2015 “1993 to 2015 “99 Goals, Goals, 2525 overall targets (OT) and overall targets (OT) and 106106 indicators”indicators”

Goal 1:Goal 1: 2 OT & 8 Is 2 OT & 8 Is Goal 2:Goal 2: 2 OT &10 Is 2 OT &10 Is Goal 3:Goal 3: 4 OT & 20 Is 4 OT & 20 Is Goal 4:Goal 4: 1 OT & 7 Is 1 OT & 7 Is Goal 5:Goal 5: 1 OT & 9 Is 1 OT & 9 Is Goal 6:Goal 6: 2 OT & 17 Is 2 OT & 17 Is Goal 7:Goal 7: 3 OT & 14 Is 3 OT & 14 Is Goal 8:Goal 8: Not yet localize Not yet localize Goal 9:Goal 9: 2 OT & 4 Ts2 OT & 4 Ts

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PROGRESS IN ACHIEVING CMDGPROGRESS IN ACHIEVING CMDG

IndicatorsIndicators Target 2005Target 2005 20052005 Target Target 20102010

Population Population under poverty under poverty lineline

3131 34.7034.70

(2004)(2004)2525

Prevalence of Prevalence of underweightunderweight

3636

45 (2000)45 (2000) 3636 2929

Prevalence of Prevalence of stuntedstunted

3535

45 (2000)45 (2000)3737 2828

Prevalence of Prevalence of wastedwasted

1313

15(2000)15(2000)77 1010

Household Household using iodized using iodized saltsalt

8080

14 (2000)14 (2000)7373 9090

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PROGRESS IN ACHIEVING CMDG PROGRESS IN ACHIEVING CMDG (cont’d)(cont’d)


1-Net 1-Net enrolment in enrolment in primary educ.primary educ.

9595 91.3 91.3 100100

-BoyBoy-GirlGirl

9696

949493 93

89.7 89.7 100100

100100

2- Net 2- Net enrolment in enrolment in second. Educ.second. Educ.

5050 31.3 31.3 5050

-Boy-Boy

-Girl-Girl5151

494932.132.1

30.430.45050

5050

3- Literacy rate 3- Literacy rate male/femalemale/female

9595 84.784.7 9595

77



Female Female commune commune councilorcouncilor

8.7 8.7

(2002)(2002)14.64 14.64 (2007)(2007)

IMR /1,000 live IMR /1,000 live birthsbirths

95 (2000)95 (2000) 6666 6060

U5 MR/1,000 U5 MR/1,000 live birthslive births

124 124 (2000)(2000)

8383 7575

MMR/100,000 MMR/100,000 birthsbirths

343343 472 472 243243

Birth attended Birth attended by skilled by skilled healthhealth

32 (2000)32 (2000) 4444 7070

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IndicatorsIndicators Target Target 20052005

20052005 Target Target 20102010

HIV/AIDS HIV/AIDS prevalence 15-49 prevalence 15-49 years oldyears old

2.32.3 0.6 0.6 0.50.5

Urban Access to Urban Access to Drinking waterDrinking water

6868 75.875.8 8585

Urban Access to Urban Access to sanitationsanitation

5959 5555 6767

Rural Access to Rural Access to Drinking waterDrinking water

3030 42.642.6

(2006)(2006)4545

Rural Access to Rural Access to sanitationsanitation

1212 15.815.8

(2006)(2006)2525

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ODA: ODA:

ODA is of critical importance in ODA is of critical importance in Cambodia as it represents a very large Cambodia as it represents a very large proportion of public financial resources.proportion of public financial resources.

Cambodia remains highly aid-dependent Cambodia remains highly aid-dependent at its present level of development.at its present level of development.

Cambodia’s urgent need is to rapidly Cambodia’s urgent need is to rapidly move to a new & expanded era of move to a new & expanded era of partnership with the international partnership with the international community which has provided community which has provided extremely financial & technical support extremely financial & technical support in its fighting against povertyin its fighting against poverty

1010


Partnership for Sustainable Development:Partnership for Sustainable Development:

To implement Rome Declaration: the RGC To implement Rome Declaration: the RGC Action Plan on Harmonization & Alignment Action Plan on Harmonization & Alignment 2004-2008 was endorsed in November 2004-2008 was endorsed in November 2004.2004.

An important element of this Action Plan is An important element of this Action Plan is the RGC’s commitment to prepare a single the RGC’s commitment to prepare a single NSDP 2006-2010 that will serve as a NSDP 2006-2010 that will serve as a framework for the alignment of all ODA framework for the alignment of all ODA supported activities.supported activities.

The RGC stands strongly committed to The RGC stands strongly committed to achieve CMDGs by adopting these as the achieve CMDGs by adopting these as the key pillars of Cambodia’s National key pillars of Cambodia’s National Development Policy & Strategy.Development Policy & Strategy.

1111


Partnership for Sustainable development:Partnership for Sustainable development:

NSDP 2006-2010 is a combination of early NSDP 2006-2010 is a combination of early SEDP, NPRS, NPP and other sectoral policies & SEDP, NPRS, NPP and other sectoral policies & strategies to implement Rectangular Strategy strategies to implement Rectangular Strategy which is the platform of the RGC in the 3rd which is the platform of the RGC in the 3rd legislature of the National assembly 2003-legislature of the National assembly 2003-2008, for reducing poverty & achieving CMDGs.2008, for reducing poverty & achieving CMDGs.

The NSDP was a CMDGs-based plan aiming to The NSDP was a CMDGs-based plan aiming to ensure Cambodia ‘s rapid progress towards ensure Cambodia ‘s rapid progress towards achieving the CMDGs & other socio-economic achieving the CMDGs & other socio-economic goals.goals.

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Partnership for Sustainable development: Partnership for Sustainable development:

For preparing a CMDGs-based plan, the For preparing a CMDGs-based plan, the NSDP had three important features:NSDP had three important features:

(i) NSDP shall adopt CMDG-consistent targets, (i) NSDP shall adopt CMDG-consistent targets, where applicable, as its targets in 2010;where applicable, as its targets in 2010;

(ii) Strategies/policies/programs/financial (ii) Strategies/policies/programs/financial allocations & sectoral priorities of NSDP will allocations & sectoral priorities of NSDP will be geared towards achieving these targets; be geared towards achieving these targets;

(iii) M & E framework of NSDP shall include (iii) M & E framework of NSDP shall include appropriate indicators to regularly monitor appropriate indicators to regularly monitor progress towards achieving the CMDGs.progress towards achieving the CMDGs.

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To support the development of NSDP, 18 To support the development of NSDP, 18 Technical Working Groups (TWGs) have Technical Working Groups (TWGs) have been set up: one Technical Working Group been set up: one Technical Working Group on Planning & Poverty Reduction(TWG-PPR) on Planning & Poverty Reduction(TWG-PPR) and 17 TWGs at sectoral and thematic level.and 17 TWGs at sectoral and thematic level.

These joint TWGs provide a useful forum for These joint TWGs provide a useful forum for strengthening partnerships across all strengthening partnerships across all stakeholders, including Government & EDPs.stakeholders, including Government & EDPs.

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To ensure coordination among the TWGs, a Gvt-To ensure coordination among the TWGs, a Gvt-Donor Coordination Committee (GDCC) has Donor Coordination Committee (GDCC) has been established to provide policy guidance, to been established to provide policy guidance, to set priorities & to propose measures to resolve set priorities & to propose measures to resolve issues raised by the TWGs.issues raised by the TWGs.

The RGC has decided to assume full ownership The RGC has decided to assume full ownership & leadership of the annual aid mobilization & leadership of the annual aid mobilization consultation by transforming the Consultative consultation by transforming the Consultative Group (CG) process to a Cambodia Group (CG) process to a Cambodia Development Cooperation Forum (CDCF) from Development Cooperation Forum (CDCF) from 2007.2007.

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The cooperation between Government & The cooperation between Government & civil society for reducing poverty & civil society for reducing poverty & achieving CMDGs is also a priority area for achieving CMDGs is also a priority area for Government.Government.

It is a rapid growing & there is a danger that It is a rapid growing & there is a danger that debt will absorb more & more the limited debt will absorb more & more the limited public budget, thereby crowing out public budget, thereby crowing out resources to invest in development.resources to invest in development.

There is a need to increase the grant share There is a need to increase the grant share in ODA & to use loans for investment which in ODA & to use loans for investment which higher expected economic returnshigher expected economic returns

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ACHIEVEMENT & GAPS IN REALIZING ACHIEVEMENT & GAPS IN REALIZING CMDGCMDG

Cambodia is on track to achieve at 23 of Cambodia is on track to achieve at 23 of 59 CMDG targets for which information is 59 CMDG targets for which information is available.available.

It is not track in case of many critical areas It is not track in case of many critical areas relating to poverty reduction, food security, relating to poverty reduction, food security, education, health, maternal mortality, education, health, maternal mortality, environment degradation & sustainable environment degradation & sustainable socio-economic development.socio-economic development.

There are significant discrepancies among There are significant discrepancies among provinces in term of progress toward provinces in term of progress toward CMDG and the situation varies from one CMDG and the situation varies from one CMDG to another.CMDG to another.

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NATIONAL STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENT NATIONAL STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENT PLAN (NSDP)2006-2010PLAN (NSDP)2006-2010

The NSDP is a single, overarching document The NSDP is a single, overarching document containing RGC’s priority goals & strategies containing RGC’s priority goals & strategies to reduce poverty rapidly, and to achieve to reduce poverty rapidly, and to achieve other CMDGs & other socio-economic other CMDGs & other socio-economic development goals for the benefit of all development goals for the benefit of all Cambodians.Cambodians.

The RGC’s long term vision is to achieve a The RGC’s long term vision is to achieve a socially cohesive, educationally advanced, socially cohesive, educationally advanced, & culturally vibrant Cambodia without & culturally vibrant Cambodia without poverty, illeteracy & ill health where poverty, illeteracy & ill health where Cambodians live in harmony free of hunger, Cambodians live in harmony free of hunger, inequality, exclusion & vulnerability.inequality, exclusion & vulnerability.

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NATIONAL STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENT NATIONAL STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENT PLAN (NSDP)2006-2010 PLAN (NSDP)2006-2010 (cont’d)(cont’d)

The RGC is fully committed to some basic The RGC is fully committed to some basic principles for taken the country forward, principles for taken the country forward, such as: - strict adherence to democracy in such as: - strict adherence to democracy in governance; - ensure political stability, governance; - ensure political stability, rule of law, equity & social order;rule of law, equity & social order;

- ensure macro-economic stability- ensure macro-economic stability

- create & maintain key infrastructure as - create & maintain key infrastructure as well aswell as

- a conducive climate for private sector to - a conducive climate for private sector to flourish;andflourish;and

- provide essential social services for - provide essential social services for human capital formation & enhancement.human capital formation & enhancement.

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NATIONAL STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENT NATIONAL STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENT PLAN (NSDP)2006-2010 PLAN (NSDP)2006-2010 (cont’d)(cont’d)

During the next five years 2006-2010, demands During the next five years 2006-2010, demands prioritization of clear goals & measurable targets.prioritization of clear goals & measurable targets.

Highest priority is poverty reduction & progress Highest priority is poverty reduction & progress towards achieving CMDG targets by 2015towards achieving CMDG targets by 2015

Sub-goals & disaggregated & detailed targets & Sub-goals & disaggregated & detailed targets & plans to achieve them will be spelt out in greater plans to achieve them will be spelt out in greater precision in sectoral & sub-national plans.precision in sectoral & sub-national plans.

Progress of NSDP will be annually reviewed & Progress of NSDP will be annually reviewed & monitored.There are 15 macro-goals (7 MDG monitored.There are 15 macro-goals (7 MDG macro-goals) & 43 critical indicators (28 MDG macro-goals) & 43 critical indicators (28 MDG critical indicators) to be monitor annually.critical indicators) to be monitor annually.

2020

DEVELOPMENT CHALLENGESDEVELOPMENT CHALLENGES

The First Development Challenge is to maintain The First Development Challenge is to maintain a high growth rate to generate productive a high growth rate to generate productive employment & income earning opportunity for employment & income earning opportunity for an ever-growing populationan ever-growing population

The First Development Challenge is to pursue a The First Development Challenge is to pursue a growth strategy, which will benefit all growth strategy, which will benefit all CambodianCambodian

- Pro-poor growth policies through investment - Pro-poor growth policies through investment in sectors where the poor are concentrated & in sectors where the poor are concentrated & can find decent work & sustainable can find decent work & sustainable employment;employment;

- growth should translate into increased - growth should translate into increased Government revenue and ;Government revenue and ;

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DEVELOPMENT CHALLENGES DEVELOPMENT CHALLENGES (cont’d)(cont’d)

- Growth Should be allocated to social - Growth Should be allocated to social protection programs for those unable to protection programs for those unable to seize economic opportunities.seize economic opportunities.

Cambodia ‘s progress toward CMDG is Cambodia ‘s progress toward CMDG is constrained by a number of impediments.constrained by a number of impediments.

An important one is the chronic shortage of An important one is the chronic shortage of investment funds to meet its priority investment funds to meet its priority requirements.requirements.

There is a danger of debt service that will There is a danger of debt service that will absorb more and more the limited of absorb more and more the limited of national budget.national budget.

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WAY FORWARDWAY FORWARD

If Cambodia is to achieve CMDG, greater If Cambodia is to achieve CMDG, greater financial flows through aid, reduced debt financial flows through aid, reduced debt servicing and increased current account servicing and increased current account inflows, as outlined in MDG 8 are critical to inflows, as outlined in MDG 8 are critical to bridge the resource gaps & foster the bridge the resource gaps & foster the country’s required growth.country’s required growth.

Such assistance needs to ensure that Such assistance needs to ensure that donors support is aligned to Cambodia donors support is aligned to Cambodia national priorities, that it is managed for national priorities, that it is managed for results & that there is mutual accountability results & that there is mutual accountability between RGC & EDPs.between RGC & EDPs.

Better access to international market, Better access to international market, especially in developed countries.especially in developed countries.

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WAY FORWARDWAY FORWARD (cont’d)(cont’d)

Enhance market access for its overseas Enhance market access for its overseas workers.workers.

The granting of quota-free & duty-free schemes The granting of quota-free & duty-free schemes for all dutiable Cambodian products that will for all dutiable Cambodian products that will contribute to higher export earning & make contribute to higher export earning & make trade for development & CMDG.trade for development & CMDG.

Complement from EDPs and global community Complement from EDPs and global community to its pro-CMDG national strategy will require to its pro-CMDG national strategy will require financial, technical & other supports and by financial, technical & other supports and by creating win-win partnerships.creating win-win partnerships.

A collective effort is the key to achieving CMDG A collective effort is the key to achieving CMDG & ensuring sustained growth & stability in & ensuring sustained growth & stability in Cambodia.Cambodia.

1 2007 annual ministerial review of the high level segment of ecosoc geneva, 2-5 july, 2007 ministry...

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targets t

indicators goal

achieving cmdg contdoda

achieving cmdg contdprogress

achieving cmdgindicatorstarget

indicators isgoal

overall targets ot

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