1 age location - gld

1

1 AGE & LOCATION

Variable Name Question Value Label

SbjNum Household Identifier

district Name of the district the household is located in.

village_algorithm Name of the village the household is located in

(cleaned).

EA Name of EA the household is located in.

TA Name of TA the household is located in.

age Age of the respondent.

EAid Weighting variable.

fpc1 Weighting variable.

fpc2 Weighting variable.

poststratum Weighting variable.

poststratsize Weighting variable.

q13 Is this area:

1 Rural village

2 Small town

3 Urban city

q14 Is this a house (stand alone) or an apartment (one

unit in a large building)? 1 House

2 Apartment

q15

What is the socioeconomic status of the housing

based upon the external appearance of the house

and neighborhood compared to other houses in the

same EA?

1 Lower class

2 Middle class

3 Upper class

q15_1 Compared to other homes in this area, does this

home appear to be ...

1 Worse off

2 About the same

3 Better off

q16 What is the roof of the respondent's home or

shelter made of?

1 Metal, aluminum, tin,

or zinc

2 Tiles

4 Thatch or grass

5 Plastic sheets

6 Asbestos

7 Multiple materials

8 Concrete

9 Some other material

98 Could not tell/could

not see

q16_1 What is the house made of?

1 Sundried brick

2 Burnt brick

3 Other

2


q37 Gender 1 Male

2 Female

q38 DO NOT ask, just enter: Does the house have

electricity?

1 Connected to the

electricity grid

2 Solar Power

0 No electricity

98 Don't Know/Refuse

q39 DO NOT ask, just enter: What language(s) was the

chosen respondent speaking?

1 Chitumbuka

2 Chinkhonde

3 Chilambya

4 Chichewa

5 Chiyao

6 Chingoni

7 Chilomwe

8 Chimang'anja

9 Chisena

10 Chisukwa

11 Chisenga

12 Chitonga

13 Chinyanja

14 English

15 Other


q44 What languages can you speak?

1 Chitumbuka

2 Chinkhonde

3 Chilambya

4 Chichewa

5 Chiyao

6 Chingoni

7 Chilomwe

8 Chimang'anja

9 Chisena

10 Chisukwa

11 Chisenga

12 Chitonga

13 Chinyanja

14 English

15 Other


q45 Which language(s) do you speak at home?

1 Chitumbuka

2 Chinkhonde

3 Chilambya

3


4 Chichewa

5 Chiyao

6 Chingoni

7 Chilomwe

8 Chimang'anja

9 Chisena

10 Chisukwa

11 Chisenga

12 Chitonga

13 Chinyanja

14 English

15 Other


q46 Which language(s) is your mother tongue?

1 Chitumbuka

2 Chinkhonde

3 Chilambya

4 Chichewa

5 Chiyao

6 Chingoni

7 Chilomwe

8 Chimang'anja

9 Chisena

10 Chisukwa

11 Chisenga

12 Chitonga

13 Chinyanja

14 English

15 Other


q47 Were you born...?

1 In this

village/neighborhood

2

In another village in

this TA // In Another

neighborhood in this

town

3 In another TA in this

district

4 In another district

5 In another country

98 I don't know/Refuse to

answer

q48 What district were you born in? 1 Balaka

2 Blantyre

4


3 Chitipa

4 Chikhwawa

5 Chiradzulu

6 Dedza

7 Dowa

8 Karonga

9 Kasungu

10 Likoma

11 Lilongwe

12 Machinga

13 Mangochi

14 Mchinji

15 Mulanje

16 Mwanza

17 Mzimba

18 Neno

19 Nkhata-bay

20 Nkhotakota

21 Nsanje

22 Ntcheu

23 Ntchisi

24 Phalombe

25 Rumphi

26 Salima

27 Thyolo

28 Zomba


answer

q49 How long have you lived in {0}?

1 Up to 3 months (i.e. 3

months or less)

2 More than 3 months up

to 6 months

3 More than 6 months up

to 1 year

4 More than 1 year up to

5 years

5 More than 5 years up

to 10 years


to 15 years


to 20 years

8 More than 20 years

5


9 My whole live (if

respondent is more

than 20 years old)


q50 Would you say you have lived here ...

1 Less than 1 year

2 More than 1 year and

less than 5 years

3 More than 5 years and

less than 10 years

4 More than 10 years

5 Always


answer

6

2 SOCIAL NORMS AND COMMUNITY INTERACTIONS


q78 What is your religion, if any?

1

Protestant

(evangelical/pentecosta

l/charismatic/born

again)

2

Protestant (traditional,

including

Anglican/Lutheran/Met

hodist, etc.)

3 Catholic

4 Christian (general,

without identifying a

sub-group)

5 Traditional/ethnic

religion

6 Muslim

7 None

8 Other [Specify]


answer

q79 What is your ethnic community, cultural group, or

tribe?

1 Chewa

2 Lomwe

3 Yao

4 Ngoni

5 Tumbuka

6 Mang'anja

7 Sena

8 Tonga

9 Nkhonde

10 Lambya

11 Sukwa

12 Senga

13 Nyanja

14 Malawian only does

not identify in those

terms

15 Other


7

3 POLITICAL PARTICIPATION


q80 Are you a Malawian citizen?

0 No

1 Yes


q81 Where were you registered to vote in 2014?

1 In this district

2 In another district

3 Not registered


q82 Understanding that some people were unable to

vote in the most recent general election in 2014,

which of the following statements is true for you?

1 You voted in the

elections

2 You were too young to

vote

3 You were not

registered to vote

4 You decided not to

vote

5 You could not find the

polling station

6 You were prevented

from voting

7 You did not have time

to vote

8

You did not vote

because you could not

find your name in the

voters' register

9 I was not eligible to

vote (but not because I

was too young)

10 Did not vote for some

other reason [Do not

read]

98 I don't know/Can't

remember/Refuse to

answer [Do not read]

8

4 COMMUNITY MEETINGS


q254 Have you ever heard of any local council meetings

being open to the public in your district?

0 No

1 Yes

98 Don't Know/Refuse to

answer

9

5 EDUCATION

Throughout this section, there are a few questions that ask whether or not a child attends the same

school as another child, but these questions take the form of “Does {0} attend the same school as {1}?”

(i.e. q275) in which {0} is the name of the child that the questions are currently asking about and {1} is

the name of the child for which the enumerator immediately previously asked about. Thus, these

questions are not asked for the first child.


q259

I would like to ask you some questions about your

household's experience with education. Can you

tell how many people from this household are

enrolled in primary or secondary school, whether

living here or boarding elsewhere?

q260

Can you please give the first name of each

household member that is currently enrolled in

primary or secondary school? Could you please

start with the youngest. Child 1's Name:

q261 Child 2's Name:









10

5.1 ASK FOR ALL CHILDREN IN SCHOOL This battery is repeated for each child that is part of the family and is attending school. So if the person

has 3 children, then this battery will repeat 3 times and will pipe in one child’s name in the {0}’s in the

questions in the same iteration of the battery. The questions will be asked of each child in the order

that the person listed the names in q260 - q269. To differentiate questions across children/iterations,

STG uses the prefix I_[iteration number], so all questions in this battery for the first child will have the

prefix I_1, the second child I_2, the third child I_3, etc. And I_1 will ask about the child named in q260,

I_2 the name in q216, etc.


I_1_q271 Is {0} a boy or a girl?

1 Boy

2 Girl


I_1_q273 What is {0}'s age? 98 Don't Know/Refuse

I_1_q274 Are you {0}'s parent, another relative, or other?

1 Parent

2 Relative

3 Other


Answer

I_1_q275 Does {0} attend the same school as {1}?

0 No

1 Yes


I_1_q276 Is {0} in boarding school, living with you, or

living with someone else?

1 Boarding school

2 Living with you

3 Living with someone

else


I_1_q277 How does {0} get to school?

1 Car (or other private

vehicle including

motorcycle or truck)

2 Public transportation

3 Bicycle

4 Walk

5 Other


I_1_q278 How long does it take for {0} to get to school?

1 Less than 15 minutes

2 15-29 minutes

3 30 minutes but less

than an hour

4 1 hour - 1 hour 29

minutes

5 1 hour 30 minutes - 2

hours

6 More than 2 hours


11


I_1_q279 Does {0} come back to this home every evening or

sleep somewhere else near the school?

1 Comes home every

evening

2 Sleeps near the school


I_1_q280 Which of the following are reasons {0} attends

this school?

1 Higher quality teaching

2 Close to home

3 Only school available

4 School from my

religious order/faith

5 It costs less than other

options

6 It's a girls/boys school

7 It has specific

programs

8 I don't have a choice

9 Other (specify)


I_1_q281 Is this school located ...

1 In this

Village/neighborhood

2 In this District (not in

this

village/neighborhood)

3 Outside this District


I_1_q282 What standard or form is {0} in?

1 Standard 1

2 Standard 2

3 Standard 3

4 Standard 4

5 Standard 5

6 Standard 6

7 Standard 7

8 Standard 8

9 Form 1

10 Form 2

11 Form 3

12 Form 4

13 Form 5

14 Form 6


I_1_q283 Is this school public or private?

1 Public

2 Private


I_1_q284 Is this a boys only/girls only school or mixed? 1 Boys School

12


2 Girls School

3 Mixed School


I_1_q285 Is this school religious or nonreligious?

1 Religious

2 Nonreligious


13

5.2 CHILDREN NOT ENROLLED IN SCHOOL Variable Name Question Value Label

q286 Do you have any other children starting from 6

years up to 18 years old who are not attending

school?

0 No

1 Yes

98 I don't know/Refuse

q287 How many? 98 Don't Know/Refuse

q288 Can you please give the first name of each child?

Child 1's Name:










14

5.3 ASK FOR EACH CHILD NOT IN SCHOOL ITERATION 1 This battery is repeated for each child that is part of the family, is between 6-18, and is NOT attending

school. So if the person has 3 children not in school, then this battery will repeat 3 times and will pipe in

one child’s name in the {0}’s in the questions in the same iteration of the battery. The questions will be

asked of each child in the order that the person listed the names in q288 - q297. To differentiate

questions across children/iterations, STG uses the prefix I_[iteration number], so all questions in this

battery for the first child will have the prefix I_1, the second child I_2, the third child I_3, etc. And I_1

will ask about the child named in q288, I_2 the name in q289, etc.


I_1_q298 Is {0} a boy or a girl?

1 Boy

2 Girl


I_1_q299 What is {0}'s age? 98 Don't Know/Refuse

I_1_q300 Are you {0}'s parent, another relative, or other?

1 Parent

2 Relative

3 Other


Answer

I_1_q301 Was {0} ever enrolled in school?

0 No

1 Yes


I_1_q302 When was {0} last enrolled in school?

1 2016

2 2015

3 2014

4 2013

5 2012

6 2011

7 2010

8 2009

9 2008

10 2007

11 2006

12 2005

13 2004

14 2003

15 2002

16 2001

17 2000


I_1_q303 What is the last standard/form that {0} completed?

1 Standard 1

2 Standard 2

3 Standard 3

4 Standard 4

15


5 Standard 5

6 Standard 6

7 Standard 7

8 Standard 8

9 Form 1

10 Form 2

11 Form 3

12 Form 4

13 Form 5

14 Form 6


I_1_q304 Why is {0} not currently enrolled in school?

1 Needs to work

2 Needs to help with

household chores

3 Cannot afford to send

him/her

4 Chronically sick or

disabled

5 Was not given a place

in secondary school

6 Other


16

5.4 RANDOM SELECTION OF CHILDREN The battery of questions that starts with q317 below is only asked of 2 randomly selected children. This

section is invisible to the enumerator and used to randomly select (via code) two children about whom

the following battery will be asked. The random selection is based on the number of children the family

has; i.e. q305 is used if the family has 3 children, q306 if the family has 4 children in school, etc. The

answers indicate which children are selected. For example in q308, if answer 12 is randomly selected,

then the following battery (beginning with q317) will be asked first about child 2 (the child named in

q261) and then about child 6 (the child named in q265). The code will then pipe in the names of the two

selected children into q314 and q315. In our example, then, q314 would then contain the name from

q216 and q315 would contain the name from q265.


q305 3 Children in school

1 1 and 2

2 1 and 3

3 2 and 3


1 1 and 2

2 1 and 3

3 1 and 4

4 2 and 3

5 2 and 4

6 3 and 4


1 1 and 2

2 1 and 3

3 1 and 4

4 1 and 5

5 2 and 3

6 2 and 4

7 2 and 5

8 3 and 4

9 3 and 5

10 4 and 5


1 1 and 2

2 1 and 3

3 1 and 4

4 1 and 5

5 2 and 3

6 2 and 4

7 2 and 5

8 3 and 4

9 3 and 5

10 4 and 5

11 1 and 6

12 2 and 6

13 3 and 6

17


14 4 and 6

15 5 and 6


1 1 and 2

2 1 and 3

3 1 and 4

4 1 and 5

5 2 and 3

6 2 and 4

7 2 and 5

8 3 and 4

9 3 and 5

10 4 and 5

11 1 and 6

12 2 and 6

13 3 and 6

14 4 and 6

15 5 and 6

16 1 and 7

17 2 and 7

18 3 and 7

19 4 and 7

20 5 and 7

21 6 and 7


1 1 and 2

2 1 and 3

3 1 and 4

4 1 and 5

5 2 and 3

6 2 and 4

7 2 and 5

8 3 and 4

9 3 and 5

10 4 and 5

11 1 and 6

12 2 and 6

13 3 and 6

14 4 and 6

15 5 and 6

16 1 and 7

17 2 and 7

18 3 and 7

19 4 and 7

18


20 5 and 7

21 6 and 7

22 1 and 8

23 2 and 8

24 3 and 8

25 4 and 8

26 5 and 8

27 6 and 8

28 7 and 8


1 1 and 2

2 1 and 3

3 1 and 4

4 1 and 5

5 2 and 3

6 2 and 4

7 2 and 5

8 3 and 4

9 3 and 5

10 4 and 5

11 1 and 6

12 2 and 6

13 3 and 6

14 4 and 6

15 5 and 6

16 1 and 7

17 2 and 7

18 3 and 7

19 4 and 7

20 5 and 7

21 6 and 7

22 1 and 8

23 2 and 8

24 3 and 8

25 4 and 8

26 5 and 8

27 6 and 8

28 7 and 8

29 1 and 9

30 2 and 9

31 3 and 9

32 4 and 9

33 5 and 9

19


34 6 and 9

35 7 and 9

36 8 and 9


1 1 and 2

2 1 and 3

3 1 and 4

4 1 and 5

5 2 and 3

6 2 and 4

7 2 and 5

8 3 and 4

9 3 and 5

10 4 and 5

11 1 and 6

12 2 and 6

13 3 and 6

14 4 and 6

15 5 and 6

16 1 and 7

17 2 and 7

18 3 and 7

19 4 and 7

20 5 and 7

21 6 and 7

22 1 and 8

23 2 and 8

24 3 and 8

25 4 and 8

26 5 and 8

27 6 and 8

28 7 and 8

29 1 and 9

30 2 and 9

31 3 and 9

32 4 and 9

33 5 and 9

34 6 and 9

35 7 and 9

36 8 and 9

37 1 and 10

38 2 and 10

39 3 and 10

20


40 4 and 10

41 5 and 10

42 6 and 10

43 7 and 10

44 8 and 10

45 9 and 10

q313 Number of Children

q314 Iteration 1 child

q315 Iteration 2 child

21

5.5 ASK FOR 2 SELECTED CHILDREN ITERATION 1 This battery is repeated for 2 randomly selected children that are currently in school (unless the family

only ahs 1 child, then it only asks this battery once; or if the family only has 2 children then it asks this

battery for both children and no randomly selection takes place). To differentiate questions across

children/iterations, STG uses the prefix I_[iteration number], so all questions in this battery for the first

child will have the prefix I_1, and the second child I_2. And I_1 will ask about the child named in q314,

I_2 the name in q315, which were piped in (using random selection coding; see description of this in the

note associated with the previous section) the from the original naming in q260 - q269. Thus, questions

with the prefix I_1 are asked of the child named in q314 and with I_2 are asked of the child named in

q315.


I_1_q317 In the last year, have you experienced a problem

with {0}'s schooling (such as s/he was failing a

class, being expelled, etc.)?

0 No

1 Yes


I_1_q318 Can you tell me what type of problem {0} has

experienced?

1 No clothes/uniform

2 Absenteeism

3 Sickness

4 Lacking school

materials (i.e.

notebooks, pens, etc.)

5 Failing exams/not

doing well in school

6 Paying school fees

7 Paying exam fees

8

Paying for school

development (i.e.

voluntary contribution

for building toilets,

etc.)

9 Child refused to enroll

in school

10 Teacher abuse

11 The school is of low

quality

12 Other


I_1_q344 Does this child have a private tutor (or go for part

time lessons)?

0 No

1 Yes


I_1_q345 Last week, how many hours of tutoring did {0}

receive?

1 None

2 Some, but less than an

hour

3 1 to 2 hours

4 More than 2 hours but

less than 4 hours

22


5 4 hours but less than 6

hours


hours


hours

8 10 hours

9 More than 10 hours


I_1_q346 Are any of {0}'s tutors a teacher at his/her school?

0 No

1 Yes


I_1_q347 Did you pay him/her (the tutor at school)?

0 No

1 Yes


I_1_q348 Overall, how much did you pay for {0}'s tutoring

last month? 98 Don't Know/Refuse

I_1_q349 Do you feel {0} needs to be tutored because the

school fails to do its job well?

0 No

1 Yes


I_1_q350 Do you feel that at {0}'s school, students who have

paid a teacher for tutoring or group lessons receive

better treatment?

0 No

1 Yes


I_1_q351 About how many hours a day do members of this

household spend helping {0} with homework?

1 None

2 Some, but less than an

hour

3 1 to 2 hours

4 More than 2 hours but

less than 4 hours


hours

6 6 hours or more


I_1_q352 Did anyone in this household pay school fees for

{0}'s education last school year?

0 No

1 Yes


I_1_q353 Did anyone in this household pay for books and

school uniforms (last school year)?

0 No

1 Yes


I_1_q354 Did anyone help you pay these school fees

(including books and uniforms)?

0 No

1 Yes


I_1_q355 1 NGOs/CSOs

23


Who assisted you in paying the costs of {0}'s

schooling last year?

2 Religious

Organizations

3 A Wealthy/influential

family

4 Teacher/Principal

5 Member of Parliament

6 Local council member

7 Village head

8 Group Village

headman

9 Business person or

organization

10 Friend, family member,

or neighbor

11 Ministry of Education

12 State welfare office

13 Traditional Authority

14 Went to court

15 Traditional healer

16 Doctor

17 Police

18 Other government

official

19 Someone else? (Other)

I_1_q356 How many days of school did {0} miss during the

last week that school was in session? 98 Don't Know/Refuse

I_1_q357 What are the main reasons {0} missed school last

week?

1 The child had to work

on the family farm

2 The child had to work

(other than on family

farm)

3 It was hard to get to

school given weather,

distance, etc.

4 Need to stay at home to

help with house chores

5 The child had problems

with the teacher or

principal at school

6 The child had problems

with other students at

school

7 The child was sick

8 The child doesn't like

school

24


9 The child was expelled

or suspended

10 Other (specify)


I_1_q358 Can you please remind me, does {0} attend the

same school as {1}?

0 No

1 Yes


Thinking about {0}'s school, please tell me if...

I_1_q359_1 The school is well-built

0 No

1 Yes


I_1_q359_2 the toilets are clean

0 No

1 Yes


I_1_q359_3 She/He is in an overcrowded classroom

0 No

1 Yes


I_1_q359_4 The school has two or more shifts

0 No

1 Yes


I_1_q359_5 During the last week that school was in session, at

least one of his/her teachers was absent from

school

0 No

1 Yes


I_1_q359_6 There is a parent-teacher organization (PTO) at the

school

0 No

1 Yes


I_1_q359_7 the school has a food program

0 No

1 Yes


I_1_q359_8 the school has computer resources

0 No

1 Yes


I_1_q360

How many children are in {0}'s classroom (for

those in secondary school, this would be the

average size of a single class period)? Even your

best guess.


Is {0} safe ...

I_1_q361_1 going to and from school

0 No

1 Yes


I_1_q361_2 while in school 0 No

1 Yes

25



I_1_q362 Why is {0} not safe going to school?

1 Thugs

2 Fear of kidnapping

3 Fear of rape

4 No adult to walk with

the child

5 School is far

6 Crosses a river

7 Walks through bushy

area or forest

8 Other

9 Don't Know/Refuse

I_1_q363 Why is {0} not safe at school?

1 Abuse from teachers

2 Other students hitting

or hurting the child

3 The child is left out of

activities

4 The child is made fun

of

5 Other children spread

lies about the child

6 Theft of belongings

7 The child has been

threatened by other

students

8 The child has been

threatened by

teachers/staff

9 Fear that in an

emergency, the child

will not get to safety

10 School invasion

13 No safe accomodations

11 Other (specify)


Sometimes teachers and principals don’t treat all

students fairly. Thinking about {0}’s school,

would you say that they sometimes favor some

students over others based on:

I_1_q364_1 Whether they are rich or poor?

0 No

1 Yes


I_1_q364_2 From certain ethnic groups or tribes?

0 No

1 Yes


26


I_1_q364_3 Male or female

0 No

1 Yes


I_1_q364_4 Fast or slow learners

0 No

1 Yes


I_1_q364_5 Children of important people in this village/ward

0 No

1 Yes


I_1_q364_6 Children of teachers

0 No

1 Yes


How satisfied are you with each of the following

with regards to {0}’s education?

I_1_q365_1 The quality of teaching?

1 Very unsatisfied

2 Somewhat unsatisfied

3 Somewhat satisfied

4 Very satisfied

5 Not applicable


I_1_q365_2 The quality of the school's infrastructure?

1 Very unsatisfied



4 Very satisfied

5 Not applicable


I_1_q365_3 The school's food program?

1 Very unsatisfied



4 Very satisfied

5 Not applicable


I_1_q365_4 The computer resources at your child's school?

1 Very unsatisfied



4 Very satisfied

5 Not applicable


27

6 HEALTH


q366 In general, how would you rate your overall

health-very good, good, fair, poor, or very poor?

5 Very good

4 Good

3 Fair

2 Poor

1 Very poor


answer

q367 In the past two years, have you ever had...

1 Arthritis or

Rheumatism

2 Back or Neck problems

3 Frequent or Severe

Headaches

4 (Any other) Chronic

Pain

5 Seasonal Allergies

6 Stroke

7 Heart Attack

8 Heart Disease

9 High Blood Pressure

10 Asthma

11 Tuberculosis

12 Chronic Lung Disease

13 Diabetes or High

Blood Sugar

14 (An/The) Ulcer

15 Hiv (Infection)

16 Epilepsy or Seizures

17 Cancer

18 Yellow fever

19 Malaria

20 Other (Specify)

21 None


Have you been treated for ... during the past 12

months?

q368_1 Arthritis or Rheumatism

0 No

1 Yes

98 DK/RA

q368_2 Back or Neck problems

0 No

1 Yes

98 DK/RA

28


q368_3 Frequent or Severe Headaches

0 No

1 Yes

98 DK/RA

q368_4 (Any other) Chronic Pain

0 No

1 Yes

98 DK/RA

q368_5 Seasonal Allergies

0 No

1 Yes

98 DK/RA

q368_6 Stroke

0 No

1 Yes

98 DK/RA

q368_7 Heart Attack

0 No

1 Yes

98 DK/RA

q368_8 Heart Disease

0 No

1 Yes

98 DK/RA

q368_9 High Blood Pressure

0 No

1 Yes

98 DK/RA

q368_10 Asthma

0 No

1 Yes

98 DK/RA

q368_11 Tuberculosis

0 No

1 Yes

98 DK/RA

q368_12 Chronic Lung Disease

0 No

1 Yes

98 DK/RA

q368_13 Diabetes or High Blood Sugar

0 No

1 Yes

98 DK/RA

q368_14 (An/The) Ulcer

0 No

1 Yes

98 DK/RA

q368_15 Hiv (Infection)

0 No

1 Yes

98 DK/RA

q368_16 Epilepsy or Seizures

0 No

1 Yes

98 DK/RA

29


q368_17 Cancer

0 No

1 Yes

98 DK/RA

q368_18 Yellow fever

0 No

1 Yes

98 DK/RA

q368_19 Malaria

0 No

1 Yes

98 DK/RA

q368_20 Other (Specify)

0 No

1 Yes

98 DK/RA

q370

About how often during the past 30 days did you

feel tired out for no good reason - would you say

all of the time, most of the time, some of the time,

a little of the time, or none of the time?

5 All

4 Most

3 Some

2 Little

1 None

98 DK/RA

q372 How often did you feel so nervous that nothing

could calm you down?

1 None of the time

2 Little of the time

3 Some of the time

4 Most of the time

5 All of the time


q373 During the past 30 days, about how often did you

feel hopeless?

1 None of the time


3 Some of the time

4 Most of the time

5 All of the time



feel restless or fidgety?

1 None of the time


3 Some of the time

4 Most of the time

5 All of the time


q375 How often did you feel so restless that you could

not sit still?

1 None of the time


3 Some of the time

4 Most of the time

5 All of the time


30



feel depressed?

1 None of the time


3 Some of the time

4 Most of the time

5 All of the time


q377 How often did you feel so depressed that nothing

could cheer you up?

1 None of the time


3 Some of the time

4 Most of the time

5 All of the time


q378 Have you given birth in the past 3 years?

0 No

1 Yes

98 DK/RA

q380 Did you receive medical care before the baby was

born?

0 No

1 Yes

98 DK/RA

q381 Where did you give birth?

1 At home

2 In a private hospital

3 In a public hospital

4 In a clinic

5 Other


q382 Was this in this district?

0 No

1 Yes

98 DK/RA

For each of the following, was it a reason you

chose to give birth there?

q383_1 It was the closest facility

0 No

1 Yes

98 DK/RA

q383_2 It is known for high quality care

0 No

1 Yes

98 DK/RA

q383_3 It was the most affordable option

0 No

1 Yes

98 DK/RA

q383_4 You know doctors or nurses who work in it

0 No

1 Yes

98 DK/RA

q383_5 You know people who helped you get care there 0 No

31


1 Yes

98 DK/RA

q383_6 You needed special care that only they can provide

0 No

1 Yes

98 DK/RA

As I read you the following statements about that

facility, please tell me whether it is true or not.

q384_1 The restrooms were clean

1 True

2 Not True


q384_2 The doctor was present

1 True

2 Not True


q384_3 Patients were treated with respect

1 True

2 Not True


q384_4 Expenses for the received treatment were

reasonable

1 True

2 Not True


q384_5 Fees were posted or clearly explained ahead of

time

1 True

2 Not True


q384_6 The waiting period between entering the clinic and

the time you received the treatment was reasonable

1 True

2 Not True


q384_7 I paid extra money in order to get a better

treatment

1 True

2 Not True


q384_8 I used personal connections (kudziwana) in order

to get a better treatment.

1 True

2 Not True


q384_9 The necessary medicines were readily available

1 True

2 Not True


q384_10 I was referred to a private clinic for further tests

and treatment

1 True

2 Not True


q384_11 Patients were given privacy when they were

examined

1 True

2 Not True


For each of the following, would you say you were

very satisfied, not very satisfied, somewhat

dissatisfied, very unsatisfied?

32


q385_1 Cost

1 Very satisfied

2 Not very satisfied

3 Somewhat dissatisfied

4 Very unsatisfied

5 Not applicable

98 DK/RA

q385_2 Patient care

1 Very satisfied



4 Very unsatisfied

5 Not applicable

98 DK/RA

q385_3 Medical services

1 Very satisfied



4 Very unsatisfied

5 Not applicable

98 DK/RA

q385_4 Room and building

1 Very satisfied



4 Very unsatisfied

5 Not applicable

98 DK/RA

q386 Did you receive assistance in ACCESSING OR

PAYING FOR health care related to this birth

(including pre and post natal care)?

0 No

1 Yes

98 DK/RA

q395 Was this birth the most recent time you were at a

clinic/hospital?

0 No

1 Yes


q396 When was the last time you visited a health clinic

or medical doctor for care, either for yourself or

accompanying others?

1 Between 0 and 6

months

2 Between 6 months and

1 year ago

3 1-2 years ago

4 2-3 years ago

5 More than 3 years ago


q397 Why have you not gone to a health clinic or

medical doctor in the last few years?

1 Not enough time

2 Not enough

money/can't afford to

go

33


3 No health problems,

have not needed to go,

etc.

4 No good doctors

available/clinic not

good.

5 No transportation -

unable to get to clinic

6 Too sick to go to

doctor.

7 Don't Know/Refuse

q398 (Speaking of the last time you saw a doctor or

went to a clinic) did you go for yourself or were

you escorting another person?

1 Going for self

2 Escorting another

person

98 DK/RA

q399 Did you spend a night in the hospital or clinic?

0 No

1 Yes


q400 Did you require surgery on this visit?

0 No

1 Yes


q401

(Still speaking of the last time you saw a doctor or

went to a clinic) Was this doctor or clinic in this

village/neighborhood, district or outside the

district?

1 This

village/neighborhood

2 This district (but not

this village)

3 Outside this district

96 DK/RA

q402 Was this a:

2 Health dispensary or

Health center

3 Hospital

96 DK/RA

q403 Was this person or establishment:

1 Private practice

2 Public/government-

owned

4 Mission Hospital

(Christian Association

of Malawi)

5 Other (name)

96 DK/RA

q404 Which of the following saw you:

1 Doctor

2 Nurse or Medical

Assistant

3 Other staff

4 No one

34



The last time that you went, please tell for each of

the following, is it a reason you ended up going to

this doctor or clinic?

q405_1 It was the closest facility

0 No

1 Yes

98 DK/RA

q405_2 It is known for high quality care

0 No

1 Yes

98 DK/RA

q405_3 It is not too expensive

0 No

1 Yes

98 DK/RA

q405_4 You know doctors or nurses who work in it

0 No

1 Yes

98 DK/RA

q405_5 You know people who helped you get care there

0 No

1 Yes

98 DK/RA

q405_6 Because you think that only they can address your

problem

0 No

1 Yes

98 DK/RA

q405_7 Was this hospital/clinic the same place at which

you gave birth (the birth we spoke of earlier)?

0 No

1 Yes


Thinking about that visit, please tell me whether

each of the following statements is true or not.

q406_1 Patients had to share rooms

1 True

2 Not True

3 Not applicable


q406_2 The restrooms were clean

1 True

2 Not True

3 Not applicable


q406_3 The doctor was present at the facility

1 True

2 Not True

3 Not applicable


q406_4 Patients were treated with respect

1 True

2 Not True

3 Not applicable


35


q406_5 Patients were given privacy when they were

examined

1 True

2 Not True

3 Not applicable


q406_6 Expenses for the received treatment were

reasonable

1 True

2 Not True

3 Not applicable


q406_7 Fees were posted and clearly explained ahead of

time

1 True

2 Not True

3 Not applicable


q406_8 The waiting period between entering the facility

and the time you received the treatment was

reasonable

1 True

2 Not True

3 Not applicable


q406_9 You paid extra money in order to get a better

treatment

1 True

2 Not True

3 Not applicable


q406_10 You used personal connections (kudziwana) in

order to get a better treatment

1 True

2 Not True

3 Not applicable


q406_11 The necessary medicines were readily available

1 True

2 Not True

3 Not applicable


q406_12 You were referred to a private clinic for further

tests and treatment

1 True

2 Not True

3 Not applicable


For each of the following, would you say you were

very satisfied, not very satisfied, somewhat

dissatisfied, very unsatisfied?

q407_1 Cost

1 Very satisfied



4 Very unsatisfied

5 Not applicable

98 DK/RA

q407_2 Medical treatment I received 1 Very satisfied

36




4 Very unsatisfied

5 Not applicable

98 DK/RA

q407_3 Room and building

1 Very satisfied



4 Very unsatisfied

5 Not applicable

98 DK/RA

q408 Did you receive assistance in accessing or paying

for this health care?

0 No

1 Yes

98 DK/RA

In the past year, did you seek medical advice from

a ...

q419_1 Pharmacist

0 No

1 Yes

98 DK/RA

q419_2 Traditional healer

0 No

1 Yes

98 DK/RA

q419_3 The internet/app on your phone

0 No

1 Yes

98 DK/RA

q419_4 Friends, family and neighbors

0 No

1 Yes

98 DK/RA

q419_5 Faith healer

0 No

1 Yes

98 DK/RA

How good do you believe the quality of medical

care is at

q420_1 The general public hospital nearest you

4 Excellent

3 Good

2 Poor

1 Very Bad

96 Don't Know

97 Refuse

q420_2 Mission hospital nearest you

4 Excellent

3 Good

2 Poor

1 Very Bad

37


96 Don't Know

97 Refuse

q420_3 The private hospital nearest you

4 Excellent

3 Good

2 Poor

1 Very Bad

96 Don't Know

97 Refuse

q420_4 Private doctor or clinic nearest you

4 Excellent

3 Good

2 Poor

1 Very Bad

96 Don't Know

97 Refuse

q420_5 The public clinic nearest you

4 Excellent

3 Good

2 Poor

1 Very Bad

96 Don't Know

97 Refuse

q420_6 The pharmacist nearest you

4 Excellent

3 Good

2 Poor

1 Very Bad

96 Don't Know

97 Refuse

q420_7 A traditional healer nearest you

4 Excellent

3 Good

2 Poor

1 Very Bad

96 Don't Know

97 Refuse

q420_8 Faith healer nearest you

4 Excellent

3 Good

2 Poor

1 Very Bad

96 Don't Know

97 Refuse

If you showed up at the public clinic nearest you,

do you think the doctor would be present and see

you if the time was ...

q421_1 8:30 AM 0 No

38


1 Yes

98 DK/RA

q421_2 Noon

0 No

1 Yes

98 DK/RA

q421_3 4:30 PM

0 No

1 Yes

98 DK/RA

q422 In general, would you say that the doctor (at the

public clinic nearest you) is ...

1 Never present

2 Rarely present

3 Sometimes present

4 Nearly always present

96 DK/RA

Do you or anyone else in your family have any

health care needs that you are not able to attend to,

regarding ...

q423_1 Medical health

0 No

1 Yes


q423_2 Dental health

0 No

1 Yes


q423_3 Mental health

0 No

1 Yes


q423_4 Contraception

0 No

1 Yes


What are the reasons you are unable to attend to

your needs regarding ... ?

q424_1 Medical health

1 Family cannot afford to

pay medical fees

2 Required treatment is

not available

3 The closest facility that

can provide required

service is too far

4 Other

q424_2 Dental health 1

Family cannot afford to

pay medical fees


not available

39




service is too far

4 Other

q424_3 Mental health


pay medical fees


not available



service is too far

4 Other

q424_4 Contraception


pay medical fees


not available



service is too far

4 Other

q425 Are you covered by medical insurance?

0 No

1 Yes

98 DK/RA

40

7 GENERAL MUNICIPAL SERVICES/SECURITY


q427 What source of water do you use for drinking?

1 Mineral water (bottled)

2 Water tap to home

3 Shared water tap at a

common place

4 Borehole

5 Open water well

6 Covered well

7 River/Lake water

8 Rain water

9 Other

96 DK/RA

q428 Do you have electricity?

0 No

1 Yes

98 DK/RA

In the last week, have you ...

q429_1 not had enough food?

0 No

1 Yes


q429_2 not had enough drinking water?

0 No

1 Yes


q429_3 experienced a water cut?

0 No

1 Yes


q429_4 In the last week, have you experienced an

electricity cut?

0 No

1 Yes


In the past 12 months have you asked any of the

following for assistance (charity), including food,

clothing, and shelter?

q430_1 NGOs/CSOs

0 No

1 Yes


q430_2 A church, mosque, or other religious organization

0 No

1 Yes


q430_3 Friend, family member, or neighbor

0 No

1 Yes


q430_4 Police 0 No

41


1 Yes


q430_5 Political Parties

0 No

1 Yes


Please tell me if you would feel very unsafe,

somewhat unsafe, somewhat safe, or very safe…?

q494_1 In your home

1 Very unsafe

2 Somewhat unsafe

3 Somewhat safe

4 Very safe

98 DK/RA

q494_2 Walking in your neighborhood during the day

1 Very unsafe

2 Somewhat unsafe

3 Somewhat safe

4 Very safe

98 DK/RA

q494_3 Walking in your neighborhood at night

1 Very unsafe

2 Somewhat unsafe

3 Somewhat safe

4 Very safe

98 DK/RA

q494_4 At the local market

1 Very unsafe

2 Somewhat unsafe

3 Somewhat safe

4 Very safe

98 DK/RA

q494_5 At the local mosque/church/place of worship

1 Very unsafe

2 Somewhat unsafe

3 Somewhat safe

4 Very safe

98 DK/RA

In the past 12 months, have you been personally

the victim of

q495_1 Theft or burglary

0 No

1 Yes


q495_2 Armed robbery

0 No

1 Yes


q495_3 Car theft or car jacking

0 No

1 Yes


42


q495_4 Beaten or assaulted by people outside of your

home

0 No

1 Yes


q495_5 Beaten by someone who lives in your home

0 No

1 Yes


q495_6 Murder of a friend or family member

0 No

1 Yes


q495_7 Kidnapping of yourself or friend or family

member

0 No

1 Yes


In the past 12 months, have you been a party to

q513_1 Land dispute

0 No

1 Yes

98 DK/RA

q513_2 Water dispute

0 No

1 Yes

98 DK/RA

q513_3 A divorce or child custody battle

0 No

1 Yes

98 DK/RA

q513_4 Contract dispute (i.e. with

employer/landlord/tenant)

0 No

1 Yes

98 DK/RA

Would you say that the police in this area ...

q530_1 Can solve security problems

0 No

1 Yes

98 DK/RA

q530_2 Respond quickly

0 No

1 Yes

98 DK/RA

q530_3 Are honest

0 No

1 Yes

98 DK/RA

q530_4 Know the community well

0 No

1 Yes

98 DK/RA

q530_5 Are fair

0 No

1 Yes

98 DK/RA

q531 0 No

43


Have you or any member of your family ever been

beaten/threatened by the police? 1 Yes

98 DK/RA

44

8 SOCIAL ASSISTANCE AND WELFARE


q546

In this village/neighborhood, do political parties,

NGOs/Local CSOs, or religious

organizations/leaders help low-income households

meet their daily needs?

1 Political parties

2 NGOs/Local CSOs

3 Religious organizations

or leaders

4 None


q547 In this village/neighborhood, do members of

parliament or local council members help low-

income households meet their daily needs?

1 Members of parliament

2 Local council members

3 None


q548

(In this village/neighborhood,) does the traditional

authority, district commissioner, or village head

help low-income households meet their daily

needs?

1 Traditional authority

2 District commissioner

3 Village head

4 None


q549

(In this village/neighborhood,) do wealthy

families, business people/organizations, their

neighbors, family members, or friends help low-

income households meet their daily needs?

1 Wealthy families

2 Business

people/organizations

3 Neighbors

4 Family members

5 Friends

6 None


q550

(In this village/neighborhood,) does the state

welfare office or do other government officials

help low-income households meet their daily

needs?


2 Other government

officials

3 None


q551 Do you personally feel you are eligible for

government subsidies (i.e. fertilizer) but have been

unable to obtain them?

0 No

1 Yes

98 DK/RA

q552

Would you say there are none, a few, or many

families eligible for government subsidies (i.e.

fertilizer) in this village/neighborhood but have

been unable to obtain them?

1 None

2 A few

3 Many

98 DK/RA

q553

Do you believe that there are households that

receive subsidies (i.e. fertilizer) but who are not

poor? Would you say there are none, a few, or

many such cases?

1 None

2 A few

3 Many

98 DK/RA

In general in this area, how useful/effective is

kudziwana, or personal connections, to:

45


q554_1 Obtain a job in the government sector

1 Not useful

2 Slightly useful

3 Moderately useful

4 Very useful

5 Essential

98 DK/RA

q554_2 Obtain access to public services, such as

agricultural subsidies, better schools, etc.

1 Not useful

2 Slightly useful

3 Moderately useful

4 Very useful

5 Essential

98 DK/RA

I am going to read a few items to you. Can you

tell me how important is a person’s professional

qualifications in obtaining a GOVERNMENT JOB

relative to each of the following? Please indicate

whether each is more important, equally important,

or less important as a person’s experience and

professional qualifications.

q555_1 A person's political party is

1 Less important than

experience

5 and qualifications

2 Equal importance with

experience


3 More important than

experience


98 DK/RA

q555_2 A person's home village/neighborhood


experience



experience



experience


98 DK/RA

q555_3 A person's tribe or ethnic background is


experience



experience

46




experience


98 DK/RA

q555_4 A person's religion


experience



experience



experience


98 DK/RA

How important is a person’s professional

qualifications in obtaining ACCESS TO PUBLIC

SERVICES, such as agricultural subsidies, better

schools, etc. relative to these other factors? Please

indicate whether each is more important, equally

important, or less important as a person’s

experience and professional qualifications.

q556_1 A person's political party is


experience



experience and

qualifications



experience and

qualifications


98 DK/RA

q556_2 A person's home village/neighborhood


experience



experience and

qualifications



experience and

qualifications


47


98 DK/RA

q556_3 A person's tribe or ethnic background is


experience



experience and

qualifications



experience and

qualifications


98 DK/RA

q556_4 A person's religion


experience



experience and

qualifications



experience and

qualifications


98 DK/RA

How useful are bribe payments to:

q557_1 Obtain a job in the government sector

1 Not useful

2 Slightly useful

3 Moderately useful

4 Very useful

5 Essential

98 DK/RA

q557_2 Obtain access to public services, such as

agricultural subsidies, better schools, etc.

1 Not useful

2 Slightly useful

3 Moderately useful

4 Very useful

5 Essential

98 DK/RA

48

9 LAND RIGHTS


q559 Does this household farm any land?

0 No

1 Yes


q560 Which of the following best describes your

household?

1 The head of household

owns the land we farm,

solely


owns the land we farm,

jointly

3 We farm land that is

owned by someone

else

4 The land is owned

collectively by the

village

5 The land is owned by

the Chief


Please tell me whether or not the household

acquired any of its land in the following ways:

q561_1 The mother's side of the family owns the land

0 No

1 Yes


q561_2 The father's side of the family owns the land

0 No

1 Yes


q561_3 It was purchased by the head of household

0 No

1 Yes


q561_4 The land is rented

0 No

1 Yes


q561_5

It was acquired through the Community-Based

Rural Land Development Project (CBRDLP),

which helped people relocate in order to acquire

land

0 No

1 Yes


q562 Does the head of household have a document that

proves s/he owns the land?

0 No

1 Yes


q563 Who do you lease this land from?

q564 Who makes the decisions regarding the use and

management of the land? 1

The head of household

only

49



and spouse jointly

6 The spouse of the head

of household


and another person (not

the spouse)

4 Someone other then the

head of household only

(specify)


q565 In the past 2 years has anyone in the household

done any of the following?

1 Built any structures on

the land

2 Fertilized the land

3 Renovated or improved

your home

4 Planted hybrid maize

(used improved seeds)

5 Built or improved an

irrigation system for

the land

6 Planted trees

7 None of the above

8 Don't Know/Refuse

50

10 CORRUPTION


q566

Have you been a victim of corruption by a

LOCAL official in the past two years? By a local

official, we include an elected or appointed

councilor, a village head, a traditional authority or

any other civil servant working in your local

community, such as a teacher, permit provider,

police officer, etc. By corruption we mean: use of

public resources for private gain.

1 Yes

0 No

98 I don't know / Refuse

to answer

q568 Has anyone else in your immediate family been a

victim of corruption in the past two years?

1 Yes

0 No


to answer

q570 Did you report this act of corruption?

1 Yes

0 No


to answer

q571 Why not?

1 I don't have enough

time to report it

2 I don't know where to

report it

3 I don't know how to

report it

4 Nothing will be done /

It wouldn't make a

difference

5

It's too expensive to

report (e.g., due to

travel or phone

charges)

6 Corruption is normal /

Everyone does it /

Everyone is involved

7 I am afraid of the

consequences

8

The officials where I

would report to are also

corrupt / officials are

involved in the

corruption

9

It's government's

money, not the

people's, so it's not my

problem

10 Other

51



to answer

q572 When there is a corruption case going on in this

village/neighborhood, how serious do you think

the national government deals with the case?

4 Very Seriously

3 Quite seriously

2 Not very seriously

1 not seriously at all

98 Don't know / Refuse to

answer

q573 Have you been a victim of corruption by a

national-level official in the past two years?

1 Yes

0 No


to answer

52

11 MOST IMPACT


q574 Who do you believe currently has the most impact

on EDUCATION (primary and secondary

schools)?

1 Central government

(general)

2 Local government

(general)

3 President


5 Ministry of Health

6 Ministry of Home

Affairs and Internal

Security

7 Ministry of Defense

8 Ministry of

Agriculture, irrigation,

and water development

9 Local Council

10 Village head

11 Group village head


13 Member of parliament

14 The police

15 NGOs/Local CSOs


organization

17 Religious leader or

organization


19 PTO (parent teacher

organization)

20 Teachers

21 Doctors

22 Community/citizens

23 Village development

committee

24 Water boards

25 Men

26 Women

27 Other government

ministry

28 Other

29 No one


53



on LOCAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT?


(general)

2 Local government

(general)

3 President



6 Ministry of Home


Security


8 Ministry of



9 Local Council

10 Village head




14 The police

15 NGOs/Local CSOs


organization


organization



organization)

20 Teachers

21 Doctors



committee

24 Water boards

25 Men

26 Women

27 Other government

ministry

28 Other

29 No one



on HEALTH SERVICES (clinics and hospitals)? 1

Central government

(general)

54


2 Local government

(general)

3 President



6 Ministry of Home


Security


8 Ministry of



9 Local Council

10 Village head




14 The police

15 NGOs/Local CSOs


organization


organization



organization)

20 Teachers

21 Doctors



committee

24 Water boards

25 Men

26 Women

27 Other government

ministry

28 Other

29 No one


q577 (Who do you believe currently has the most

impact) and on PUBLIC SAFETY?


(general)

2 Local government

(general)

3 President

55




6 Ministry of Home


Security


8 Ministry of



9 Local Council

10 Village head




14 The police

15 NGOs/Local CSOs


organization


organization



organization)

20 Teachers

21 Doctors



committee

24 Water boards

25 Men

26 Women

27 Other government

ministry

28 Other

29 No one


q578 (Who do you believe currently has the most

impact) and on the WATER SUPPLY?


(general)

2 Local government

(general)

3 President



56


6 Ministry of Home


Security


8 Ministry of



9 Local Council

10 Village head




14 The police

15 NGOs/Local CSOs


organization


organization



organization)

20 Teachers

21 Doctors



committee

24 Water boards

25 Men

26 Women

27 Other government

ministry

28 Other

29 No one


57

12 DEMOGRAPHICS


q659 What year were you born?

0 No

1 Yes


q660 How old are you?

q661 In which of the following age brackets is your

age?

q663

People practice their religion in different ways.

Aside from weddings and funerals, how often do

you personally engage in religious practices like

prayer, reading a religious book, or attending a

religious service or a meeting of a religious group?

Would you say you do so:

1 Chewa

2 Lomwe

3 Yao

4 Ngoni

5 Tumbuka

6 Mang'anja

7 Sena

8 Tonga

9 Nkhonde

10 Lambya

11 Sukwa

12 Senga

13 Nyanja

14 Other



terms


q664 What is your highest level of education?

1 Never

2 A few times a year

3 About once a month

4 About once a week

5 A few times a week

6 About once a day

7 More than once a day

99 Respondent has no

religion (DO NOT

READ)


(DO NOT READ)

q665 Are you...?

1 No formal schooling

2 Informal schooling

only (including

Koranic schooling)

58


3 Some primary

schooling

4 Primary school

completed

5 Intermediate school or

some secondary

school/high school

6 Secondary school/high

school completed

7

Post-secondary

qualifications, other

than university e.g. a

diploma or degree from

a polytechnic or

college

8 Some University

9 University completed

10 Post-graduate

96 DK/RA

q666 What is your spouse/partner's ethnic group?

1 Single (never married,

engaged, not

cohabiting)

2 Married

3 Divorced

4 Widowed

5 Cohabitating

96 DK/RA

q669 I will read out a few statements about your

income. Please tell me, which of the following

statement is closest to your situation?

1 Chitumbuka

2 Chinkhonde

3 Chilambya

4 Chichewa

5 Chiyao

6 Chingoni

7 Chilomwe

8 Chimang'anja

9 Chisena

10 Chisukwa

11 Chisenga

12 Chitonga

13 Chinyanja

14 English

15 Other


59


Do you or your household own/have the

following?

q670_1 Motor vehicle or motorcycle

1 Our household income

covers the needs well -

we can save.

2

Our household income

covers the needs

alright, without much

difficulty.

3


does not cover the

needs, there are

difficulties.

4


does not cover the

needs, there are great

difficulties.

96 DK/RA

q670_2 Mobile telephone

0 No

1 Yes

98 DK/RA

q670_3 Radio

0 No

1 Yes

98 DK/RA

q670_4 Bicycle

0 No

1 Yes

98 DK/RA

q670_5 Television

0 No

1 Yes

98 DK/RA

q670_6 Refrigerator

0 No

1 Yes

98 DK/RA

q671

Compared to others who live in this

village/neighborhood, do you consider yourself to

be better off than most, about the same as most, or

worse off than most?


I would like to ask you now a little about your own

activities. Are you a leader, a member or not a

member of a ...?

q672_1 A church, mosque or local religious organization?

1 Worse off than most

2 About the same as

most

3 Better off than most

98 DK/RA

60


q672_2 A CSO, such as a trade union, professional

association, business organization or other CSOs

such as a charity, women's group, sports club?

1 Member

2 Leader

3 Neither

98 DK/RA

q672_3 A powerful local family?

1 Member

2 Leader

3 Neither

98 DK/RA

q672_4 A political party

1 Member

2 Leader

3 Neither

98 DK/RA

q673 What is your status/relationship at home?

1 Member

2 Leader

3 Neither

98 DK/RA

q674 Is the head of this household ... ?

1 Head of household

2 Spouse of head of

household

3

Head of household

jointly with another

member of the

household

4 Son or daughter of

head of household

5 Grandchild of head of

household

6 Son-in-law or

daughter-in-law of

head of household

7 Father or mother of the

head of

household/spouse

8 Other parents

9 Other non parents


q675 Which best describes your housing situation:

1 Male

2 Female

3 Male and female joint

heads of household


q676 For those people in this household who are 15 and

older, what sectors do they work in? 1 Own

2 Rent

61


3 Live for free with

relatives/friends

96 DK/RA

q677 Are you currently employed? (Given wages for

your work?)

1 Farming, hunting,

fishing

2 Agriculture and food

industries

3 Education

4 Trade

5 Building and public

works

6 Social and cultural

services

7 Healthcare

8 Banks and insurance

9 Real estate repairs

business and services

10 Telecommunications

11 Public administration

12 Mechanic and electric

industries

13 Textiles, clothing,

leather, and shoes

14 Electricity production

and distribution

15 Construction materials,

ceramic, and glass

16 Mining sector

17 Transportion

18 Hotels and restaurants

19 Water production and

distribution

20 Military

21 Chemical industry

22 Petroleum/Gas

23 Not working


q678 Are any women in this household (other than

yourself) currently employed as paid/wage

laborers?

0 No

1 Yes

98 DK/RA

q679 What ethnic group do you believe I am from?

0 No

1 Yes

98 DK/RA

62

13 POST-INTERVIEW DEBRIEFING


q681 Language(s) of interview:

1 Chewa

2 Lomwe

3 Yao

4 Ngoni

5 Tumbuka

6 Mang'anja

7 Sena

8 Tonga

9 Nkhonde

10 Lambya

11 Sukwa

12 Senga

13 Nyanja



terms

15 Other

96 Don't Know

97 Refuse

q682 Was there electricity in the house?

1 English

2 Chitumbuka

3 Chinkhonde

4 Chilambya

5 Chichewa

6 Chiyao

7 Chingoni

8 Chilomwe

9 Chimang'anja

10 Chisena

11 Chisukwa

12 Chisenga

13 Chitonga

q683 Was the road closest to their house...

0 No

1 Yes


answer

q686 Respondent's level of comprehension:

1 Paved

2 Concrete

3 Gravel

4 Dirt

63


q687 If below average or low, please explain. Please

note any questions or sets of questions that seemed

confusing or unclear to the respondent.

1 Very High

2 Above Average

3 Average

4 Below Average

5 Very Low

q688 Were there other people present during the

interview?

q689 Who was present?

0 No

1 Yes


answer

q690 Did the presence of others affect the quality of the

interview?

1 Child age 5 or younger

2 Child between 6 and 12

3 Youth between 13 and

18

4 Person over 18

5 Other

q691 How many people do you know in the area where

this respondent lives?

0 No

1 Yes


answer

q692 Did you know the interviewee?

1 Most of the people

2 Some of the people

3 Few of the people

4 None of the people

q693 How do you know the interviewee?

0 No

1 Yes


answer

q695 Based on your impression of the respondent's

household, estimate the financial standing of

households in that locality:

1 Friend

2 Member of family or

tribe

3 Other

q696 Respondent's level of anxiety about the survey

before the survey began:

1 Low income

2 Middle income

3 Upper-middle income

4 High income

q697 If lots of anxiety, please explain:

1 No anxiety

2 Some anxiety

3 Lots of anxiety

q701 Was the interview conducted at respondent's

home?

q702 Where was the interview conducted? 0 No

64


1 Yes


answer

q703 Type of home:

q704 Other points that need to be reported:

1 One room

2 Two rooms

3 Apartment

4 Entire building

5 Rural house

6 Villa

7 Compound

1 age location - gld

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