BELLWORK

1. -algia (pain)

2. Muscul- (muscle)

3. -fascia (fibrous)

4. Fibr- (fibers)

5. My/o- (muscle) (myalgia = muscle pain)

6. Ten-/Tend-/Tendin- (tendon)

7. ROM (range of motion)

Standards for Medical Therapeutics

11) Outline the gross normal structure and function of all body systems and summarize appropriate medical texts in order to relate sign and symptoms of common diseases and disorders associated with each.

(the muscular system)

12) Relate a therapeutic procedure or treatment to a specific body system. Create a digital or written artifact explaining anatomy involved with the treatment, reason for treatment, health care professionals assisting or performing treatment and patient education, including precautions that should occur prior to the treatment or procedure.

Objectives:

1. Discuss the (4) characteristics and functions of the muscular system.

2. Discuss the (3) main types of muscles and how they are connected.

3. Draw and label the (14) main muscles.

4. Identify possible conditions related to muscles.

Muscular SystemCS 8 (HS); 10 (MT)

Careers• Athletic Trainer• Chiropractor• Doctor of

Osteopathic Medicine

• Massage Therapist• Myologist• Neurologist• Orthopedist• Physiatrist

• Physical Therapist• Podiatrist• Prosthetist

• Rheumatologist• Sports Medicine

MD

What is the Muscular System?

System composed of over 600 muscles (bundles of muscle fibers held together by connective tissue (think of a twizzler))

Muscles contain the following characteristics

Excitability (can respond to a stimulus)

Contractibility (become short & thick to cause movement)

Extensibility (can be stretched)

Elasticity (returns to normal after contracted or stretched)

3 types of muscle

Cardiac (walls of heart)

Visceral (smooth) (in internal organs (GI system, eyes))

Skeletal (attached to bone to cause movement)

Involuntary

Voluntary

Skeletal Muscles have (4) functions

1. Attach to bones to provide voluntary movement (Can you move your body as you want to, when you want to?? Thank you muscles!!)

2. Produce heat and energy for the body ( Do you have more energy before or after your work out? Are you warmer before or after you play a game of basketball?)

3. Maintain posture by holding the body upright (Can posture be controlled?)

4. Protect internal organs (Can you touch your intestines? How about your lungs or heart?)

Discuss!!!

Applying what you have learned, what system includes organs that are smooth muscles?

Discuss with your small group.

How do muscles attach to bones?

Tendons (strong, tough, connective tissue cords (think of a bungee cord!))

Fascia (tough, sheet-like membrane that covers and protects (think of a trampoline (elastic and movable, yet strong))

There are more

than 600 muscles

in the human body

Muscles can get their name by

their location (like the SCM),

because of their size (gluteus

maximus), by their shape

(trapezius) or by the number of

heads (biceps (bi-=two; -cep=

head))

n

This muscle attaches to the sternum (sterno-), the clavicle (cleido-) and the mastoid process

LABELINGHANDOUT

You are receiving a diagram with many muscles listed!!!

You will be responsible for labeling the FOURTEEN we are about to go over!!!

Activity:Label and

Identify Main Muscles

Add muscle name and description to your drawingp. 167 old bookp. 321 new book

1. Sternocleidomastoid (SCM)

2. Pectoralis Major (chest)

3. Deltoid (upper/side of arm)(injection site)

4. Biceps Brachii (muscle with 2 heads at the front of upper arm)

5. Triceps Brachii (muscle with 3 heads at the back of upper arm)

6. Intercostals (inter=between; costae= ribs) (this is not in book)

7. Rectus Abdominus (Abs)(Abd; rectus= straight)

8. Trapezius (Upper Back/Neck)(“Massage my trapezius please” )

9. Lattisimus Dorsi (Dorsal = back)

10. Gluteus Maximus (Maximus= large muscle) (injection site)

11. Gastrocnemius (Calf)

12. Rectus Femoris (muscle with 4 heads on top of femur) (injection site) (also called quadriceps or quads)

13. Sartorius (crosses over thigh like a seat belt)

14. Tibialis Anterior (front of tibia)

Identify the muscle

Identify the muscle

Identify the muscle

Identify the muscle

Identify the muscle

Identify the muscle

Identify the muscle

Identify the muscle

Identify the muscle

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Identify the muscle

Identify the muscle

(on the top middle

portion)

Identify the muscle

n.1670s, from Latinized form

of Greek gastroknemia "calf of the leg”, from gaster

"belly" + kneme "leg“. So called for its form – belly of

the leg.

Identify the muscle

Common treatments in healthcare include administering shots.Circle/Note these muscle locations on the top portion of the diagram.

These are called intramuscularor IM injections.

Why would a healthcare provider NOT inject medicine into the gluteus maximus??

What does “adipose” mean??

Muscle Useand

Lack of Use

Muscle tone: A state of partial contraction, ready to act.

Muscle atrophy: The wasting or loss of muscle tissue resulting from disease or lack of use.

What are some examples of how an individual might experience muscle atrophy?

Explain some ways a healthcare professional would assist a patient in preventing atrophy or building up muscle strength.

Common conditions

Strain

Strain = over-stretching of muscles or tendons

Back, arms, legs

Prolonged sudden muscle exertion

Myalgia (my- = muscle; -algia= pain), swelling, limited ROM

RICE (rest, immobilization, cold (or hot compress), elevation)

Muscle Spasms

Sudden, painful, involuntary muscle contractions

Legs, feet

Overexertion, low electrolyte levels (dehydration), poor circulation

Apply gentle pressure, stretch muscle, treat the cause (replace electrolytes (banana, Gatorade, etc.) )

What is a muscle

rupture?

Separation of muscle tissue due to lifting excessive weight; similar to a strain.

Signs and Symptoms:

Pain

Swelling

Audible snap

Distorted looking muscle

Discussion: What are the differences between a muscle strain and a muscle rupture?

How do you treat muscle injuries?When wrapping a muscle injury, what should we be concerned about?

Don’t forget R.I.C.E.

R-Rest the muscle by preventing movement, this prevents further injury

I-Ice, Cold application helps to slow bleeding and swelling in the muscle

C-Compression, can be done by bandaging or wrapping, decreases bleeding and swelling

E- Elevation- place the extremity above the level of the heart, decreases bleeding and reduces swelling.

If you cannot treat and fully recover with R.I.C.E. then what?Then you go to surgery!

Sterile technique is applied.

An incision is made.

Tears are sutured or sown together.

Pooling blood is suctioned.

Then the skin layers are sutured closed .

Sterile dressing is applied.

Muscular DystrophyGroup of inherited

diseases which lead to progressive muscle

weakness, resulting in total disability and

early death. Healthy infant at birth with an onset at 2-5 years old

and wheelchair confinement by 9-12

years old.

Dys- = -trophy=

Treatment for Muscular Dystrophy?

Treatment for signs/symptoms. There is no cure.

Medications to improve muscle strength

Range of Motion exercises to help keep joints flexible

Low impact exercises such as swimming

Brace to keep muscles stretched

Surgery to correct or help curvature of spine

Breathing assistance or aides

Cerebral Palsy and the Muscular System

Research Activity!!! Define cerebral palsy and describe how it can affect a person.

Research the Irishman Christy Brown.

Explain his experience as a young boy transitioning into an adult while living with this disease.

What types of therapy did he receive?

Did these help him?

What is he famous for?

Video!!!

FibromyalgiaChronic, widespread pain,

muscle stiffness, numbness, tingling, fatigue, sleep

disturbances, headaches, and depression . Treat pain, physical therapy, massage, exercise, stress reduction.

Fibr- = my- = -algia =

No clear cause. Possibly stress induced. Pain seems to be referred.What is referred pain?

Myasthenia Gravis Fact Sheet

http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/myasthenia_gravis/detail_myasthenia_gravis.htm

Describe this disease.

Is there a cure?

What are common affects on the body?

Are there any treatments?

What body systems does this relate to?

Myasthenia Gravis

Latin and Greek in origin, literally means "grave muscle weakness."

-asthenia = weakness

http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/myasthenia_gravis/detail_myasthenia_gravis.htm