1 all powder board and ski oracle 9i workbook chapter 9: database administration jerry post...
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All Powder Board and Ski
Oracle 9i WorkbookChapter 9: Database AdministrationJerry PostCopyright © 2003
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Oracle System Tables (Synonyms): Metadata
Prefixes Synonym Description
ALL_DBA_USER_
CONSTRAINTSIND_COLSMVIEWSSEQUENCESSYNONYMSTAB_COLUMNSTABLESTRIGGER_COLSTRIGGERSTYPESUSERSVIEWS
Table constraints and keysIndexed columnsMaterialized viewsSequencesSynonymsTable columnsTablesTrigger columnsTriggersUser-defined data typesUsersViews (saved queries)
SELECT Table_Name, Pct_Free FROM USER_TABLES
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Disk Drive
Oracle Data Storage
Data Files Data Files
Disk Drive
Data Files Data Files
Tablespace
Table Data
Tablespace
Rollback segments
Redo logs
RAID drives automatically spread files across multiple drives.
Even without RAID you can manually assign table data and rollback segments to different drives.
Goal: Substantially improved performance and recovery in case of hardware failure.
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Gather Statistics
Statistics about the data within each table tell Oracle how to optimize queries. The tuning system also uses the statistics to make recommendations about indexes to improve performance.
The older command is: Analyze Table Customer compute statistics;
Oracle now recommends that you use the DBMS_STATS package instead to analyze the entire database (or schema) at one time.
Exec DBMS_STATS.Gather_Database_Stats
Or
Exec DBMS_STATS.Gather_Schema_Stats(‘powder’)
Or
Exec DBMS_STATS.Gather_Table_Stats (‘powder’, ‘Customer’)
But, you might first have to run the catproc.sql script
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Enterprise Manager Console
Diagnostics Pack
Tuning Pack
Lock ManagerPerformance TunerPerformance OverviewTop SessionsTop SQLTrace Data Viewer
Oracle ExpertOutline ManagerSQL AnalyzeTablespace Map
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Performance Overview (Monitor)
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Drill Down to Find Causes
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Oracle Expert: Tuning Session
Select all items
Comprehensive
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Tuning: Collect Statistics
You might skip the Instance checks for now
Use the schema options to select your schema
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Select Schemas
Be sure to include your schema that holds the All Powder tables
Click the button to see a list of schemas
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Expert Recommendations
Specific table index recommendations
Details on storage locations
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SQL Analyze
SELECT Lastname, Firstname, Customer.CustomerID
FROM Customer, Sale
WHERE Customer.CustomerID = Sale.CustomerID
AND Customer.CustomerID NOT IN
(SELECT CustomerID FROM Rental)
ORDER BY Lastname, Firstname;
List customers who bought items but never rented anything.
Note that the query analyzer does not support the newer INNER JOIN syntax
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Index RecommendationsGet index recommendations Virtual Index Wizard
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SQL Tuning Wizard
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Tuning Wizard Recommendation
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Original Query Costs
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Revised Query Costs
Note the correlated subquery
Note the two hash joins instead of one
Substantially lower total costs
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Backup and Recovery
You could shut down the database and copy the data files and the control file
Make sure the Oracle Management Server is installed and running. You might have to install it from the main install wizard Make sure the OracleOraHome92ManagementServer service is
running (it is set to Manual start) Use the Enterprise Manager Console to log in. The initial
username/password is: sysman/oem_temp You need Archive Log mode set to handle a running backup
Select the database/Instance/Configuration in the tree view Under the Recovery tab, check the Archive Log mode This option will generate lots of data files since all changes to the
database will be saved in these archive files Run or schedule the backup
Tools/Database Tools/Backup Management/Backup
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Backup and Recovery Manager
Channels are disk or tape locations to hold the backup copies
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Schedule Backup
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User-Level Security
Database Application
Form1 Form 2 Form 3 Form 4
User 1 User 2
Workgroup databaseUsernames and passwords
Database Administrator
login
Assign permissions
credentials
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User Groups
Sales clerksSales Managers
Sales table
Customer table
Item table
Sales clerks S,U,I S,U,I S
Sales Managers S,U,I,D S,U,I S
Rental Managers S,U,I S
Individual users
Assign permissions to groups or roles based on tasks, and assign users to groups. Permissions only have to be set once. Employee changes are handled by moving individuals into or out of groups.
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Create New Users
Internal or external authentication
For many accounts at once, use SQL
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Create New Roles
Select table object
Grant permissions
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Assign Roles to Users