1 ANASAC Meeting – May 20, 2015

Al Wootten

Science Overview & Publications

2 ANASAC Meeting – May 20, 2015

Assess scientific outcomes and impact from Cycles 0, 1 & 2. What are the challenges for NA?ALMAhas produced more than 220 refereed publications• Wordle from all abstracts

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ALMA Observations Thus Far

• Science Verification: 16 Datasets so far• Cycle 0: Sep 2011-Dec 2012 (990 proposals, 500h):

– 16 12-m antennas – Receiver Bands: 3, 6, 7 and 9– Highest angular resolution: 0.2”, longest baseline ~ 400 m– All data delivered

• Cycle 1: Jan 2013-May 2014 (1131 proposals, 800h): – 32 12-m antennas and ACA (9 7-m antennas, 2 Total Power antennas)– Receiver Bands: 3, 6, 7 and 9– Highest resolution 0.08”, longest baseline ~ 1 km– Data delivery in progress– Carry over to Cycle 2 ~ 460 hours

4 ANASAC Meeting – May 20, 2015

ALMA Observations Thus Far

• Cycle 2 - June 2014 October 2015 1384 proposals received for a total of 2000 hours 353 A & B rated proposals / 159 C rated proposals (fillers)

– 34 12-m antennas and ACA (10 7-m antennas, 2 Total Power antennas; this is the target, which is almost surpassed every night!

– Receiver Bands: 3, 4, 6, 7, 8 and 9– Longest baseline 1.5 km

Note: There is a carry-over from Cycle 1 of ~ 460 hours

Cycle 3 - October 2015 October 2016 – 1582 proposals received seeking 9037 hours from 2100 hours available

– 36 12-m antennas and ACA (9 7-m antennas, 2 Total Power antennas– Receiver Bands: 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10– Longest baseline (10 km, 5km, 2km [(Bands 3,4 and 6)(b7), B8,9,10)]– In processing

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ALMA Science Output

• Refereed Papers – Data collected May 4, 2015• High impact in all subject areas (Highest in Cosmology,

Star & Planet Formation)• Compared with Oct. 31, 2013 ASAC Report

• From ALMA Archive database– 220 (65) Published– 164 (36) Cycle 0 data– 20 (0) Cycle 1 data (incl. DDT)– 50 (29) Science & Verification data– 16 (7) in Nature/Science

• Maintaining at ~7-8%

Planet FormationSolar System

Cosmology

ISM

Stars and Stellar Envelopes

6 ANASAC Meeting – May 20, 2015AAS225

Formation of the 1st Galaxies

• ALMA observation of distant Lyα entities:– Deep non-detections in

250GHz continuum and [CII] – “Himiko” and IOK-1 have very

low dust content and atomic carbon (e.g. metal poor system) – [CII] may not be the best tracer for 1st galaxies

• Possibly witnessing an assembly of ‘first galaxy’

[CII][CII]

Top: Himiko Ouchi et al. (2013), Bottom: IOK-1 Iye, Ota, Kashikawa et al (2006), Ota and Walter et al. (2014)

7 ANASAC Meeting – May 20, 2015

Gravitational Lensing Galaxy Abell 1689

• A1689-zD1, a dusty, normal galaxy in the epoch of re-ionization at z=7.5±0.2 (spectroscopic detection of the Lyα Break – Xshooter with VLT)

• Detected with ALMA at ~230 GHz Sν = 0.61± 0.12 mJy

• Highly evolved galaxy: large stellar mass (1.7x109 MO), dust enriched (4x107 MO), and gas-to-dust ratio close to MW.

• SFR~12 MO yr-1

Watson et al. Nature (2015)

8 ANASAC Meeting – May 20, 2015

SDP.81 at z = 3.04

9 ANASAC Meeting – May 20, 2015ALMA Partnership, Vlahakis et al. 2015

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The Long Baseline Campaign: SDP.81 at z=3.04

ALMA Partnership, Vlahakis et al. 20150.01”= 400 pc at z=3

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Revealing the Complex Nature of SDP.81

Dye et al. 2015 (see also Rybak et al.)

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Long Baseline Campaign: HL Tau

13 ANASAC Meeting – May 20, 2015

Long Baseline Campaign: HLTau

• Young Star ~1 Million Years• One of the nearest star forming

regions to Earth (~450 light yr)• Resolution is 5 AU• Gaps almost certainly reflect young

planets• Comparison to Hubble shows

ALMA’s power!• Presence of several planets at such

a young age is “disturbing” to planet formation theories

ALMA Partnership, Brogan et al. 2015

14 ANASAC Meeting – May 20, 2015

Long Baseline Campaign: Juno

ALMA Partnership, Hunter et al. 2015

Band 6 - Frequency = 233 GHz; Five consecutive executions over 4.4 hours

Beamsize ~ 0.04”x0.03” (~60x45 km)

15 ANASAC Meeting – May 20, 2015

ALMA Science OutputRefereed Papers: Data Collected 4 May 2015• Compared with 2014, 2013 ANASAC F2F; All Executives, all

cycles• All ALMA papers tracked by NRAO (and ESO) libraries

– 220, (118, 68) refereed papers with >2500* (1091, 143) citations– h-index: 31 (19, 7)

• Components of interest: SV, Cycle 0, Cycle 1, Cycle 2– SV results: 48 (37 ,28) published papers

• 18 (14, 9) from NA, 20 (18,15) from Eu, 6 (2,2) from EA,1(0) Chile, 2(2) from Other (Mx)

– Cycle 0 results: 164 (118, 41) published papers• NA: 55 (26, 10) from 36 highest ranked projects and five fillers

– Cycle 1 results: 22 (1,0) published papers• NA: 9 published papers from 69 highest ranked projects

– Cycle 2 results: 3 published papers, 1 from NA– Some papers contain multiple ALMA data components

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Early Science continued• 164 published papers from the 113 Cycle 0 high

priority projects– 55 published NA papers from deliveries of 38 projects– Eu: 57 published papers from Cycle 0 deliveries of 35 projects– EA: 34 published papers from Cycle 0 deliveries of 27 projects– No refereed papers from 7 (26) Cycle 0 NA projects so far

(several in final stages of preparation)

• 19 published papers from 71 (0) Cycle 1 deliveries of 198 projects– NA: 8 published papers from 30 deliveries of 69 highest

ranked projects– Eu: 9 published papers from 22 deliveries of 54 highest

ranked projects– EA: 2 published papers from 12 deliveries of 50 highest

ranked projects

• 3 published papers from 36 (0) Cycle 2 deliveries of 355 projects– NA: 1 published paper from 19 (0) Cycle 2 deliveries of 118

projects– Eu: 2 published papers from 10 Cycle 2 deliveries of 116

projects– EA: 0 published papers from 2 deliveries of 83 projects.

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ALMA Publication Data SourceArchival vs PI data

• Archive

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ALMA Archive DataflowIn from AOS, out through ARCs

• Increase in outflow

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ALMA/NA PapersSummary

• ALMA publications continue to rise rapidly– Number has doubled in past year– Citations have tripled– Large (~6x) increase in NRAO telescope user

community– Increasing use of archival data

• Papers from all three cycles are being produced by NA authors at about the same rate as in other Executives, proportionally

• NAASC and JAO are well-represented among authors on papers.

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www.nrao.eduscience.nrao.edu

The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation

operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc.

21 ANASAC Meeting – May 20, 2015

ALMA in Comparison—NB only Eu time plotted!Good production, especially compared to ground facilitiesAll