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BART in California

WRAP Stationary Sources Joint ForumNovember 15-16, 2006

Tempe, Arizona

Air Resources Board

California Environmental Protection Agency

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Overview

• BART-eligible facility categories

• BART-era unit winnowing process

• Applicable CA rules

• Very few reductions

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BART Categories

Considerations at each facility• Location and NAAQS attainment status • Typical emissions of BART-era units• Location of impacts (in & out of state)• Applicable rules and permit limits

Concerns for key BART types• Refineries (SO2 controls)• Cement Plants (location and fuel)• Power Plants (location and peaking

units)• Manufacturing plants (power source,

fugitives)• Pulp mill (consent decree)

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BART Process in California

Q/D and Modeling• Districts providing data• CA modeler preparing

the receptors• Large units have been

replaced since 1977

Permits and Rules• Limits better than BART• Confirm rules apply• Amend Title V Permits

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California-Specific Rules

Transport Mitigation Rule: BARCT• Best Available Retrofit Control Technology

• Sources in upwind district must retrofit if impact to downwind attainment of state standards

• Doesn’t affect North Coast, Mojave Desert

All Feasible Measures updated periodically for State Standards

• CAPCOA recently updated Stationary Source rules for SB656

• Economic and Environmental Analysis built into Rule Development Process

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NAAQS RACT Requirement

RACT analysis for PM2.5 SIPs• South Coast and San Joaquin Valley

South Coast• 16 BART categories: VOC, NOx, PM, SO2

• RECLAIM and Emission Reduction Credits

• Future Issues: Plant Modernization concept in pending SIP

San Joaquin Valley• Manufacturing and chemical facilities under

BARCT or AFM rules

• Oil and Gas exploration/production categories already tightly controlled

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Rule StringencyCement Kilns (averaged over any 30 day consecutive period)• Preheater-Precalciner Kilns: 6.4 lb NOx/ton of clinker produced• Long Dry Kilns: 6.4 lb NOx/ton of clinker produced• Short Dry Kilns: 7.2 lb NOx/ton of clinker produced• Typical Cost-effectiveness Range: $470 - 1270 per ton NOx reduced • PM emissions limit: 0.40 lb PM/ton of kiln feed for feed rates <75 tons/hour or 30.0 lb PM/hour for kiln feed rates >75 tons/hour

Large Boilers (> 40 MMBTU/hr)• Gaseous Fuel: 30-70 ppm NOx• Non-gaseous fuel: 30-115 ppm NOx• Cost-effectiveness Range: ~$7000 per ton NOx reduced in South Coast• Bay Area requires gaseous fuels unless force majeure natural gas curtailment Petroleum Coke Calciner• South Coast required 80% reduction of SO2 emissions in 1979• Bay Area sets limits for effluent process gas containing sulfur dioxide

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Reductions Anticipated

• Bay Area Subject-to-BART modeling

• San Luis Obispo coastal plants – Refinery Calciner: reduce PTE 3000 TPY SO2 – Power Plant Peaker Units: reduce PTE 600 TPY NOx– Current actual emissions <4000 tons combined NOx, SO2, PM

• Eureka Bay in Humboldt County (North Coast)– Maybe reductions at Pulp Mill and Power Plant– Current actual emissions <1500 tons combined NOx, SO2, PM

• Title V permits backed by district rules

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Take your “Pic”