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Be aware of road Be aware of road hazards campaignhazards campaign

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Characteristics of Road Accidents What should you do if an accident occurs? The limits of the driver and the vehicle Visual perception The distance between your car and the one before Alcohol, drug and pils Being tired Phoning while driving Comparing different countries

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SUMMARY

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Characteristics of Road Accidents

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75% of accidents occur within 15 km from home

More than 60% of deaths classified as workplace accident take place on the way to work.

1200 people die a year.

Characteristics of Road Accidents

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X 2,1

People driving a lot

MENX 1,5

X 3

BIKERS YOUNG DRIVERS

Exposure to risk

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92 %

46 %29 %

8 %

Users (accidents directly involving users)

Infrastructure (accidents directly involving the road infrastructure)

Vehicle (accident directly involving the vehicle)

Emergency (accidents involving first aid)

Reasons for fatal accidents

Accidents often have many causes

8Source: ONISR - bilan 2006

Deaths Accidents involving bodily damageWithin cities

30%1418 people

killed

70%56634 accidents

open country

70%3524 peolpe killed

30%26359 accidents

Where do accidents take place?

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What should you do if an accident occurs?

ProtectAlert

Rescue

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The first steps are those that prevent the situation from getting even worse.

- You park 100 or 150 metres away from the accident so that you will not create another risk of accident. You will also facilitate the approach of first aid vehicles.- Get every passenger to get off your vehicle and lead them behind the security fence fence or in a field;- Put your safety vest

- Stop the engine of the damaged vehicle (disconnect the battery if possible) and engage the parking brake.- Use hazard lights;- Get every valid passenger from the damaged vehicles to get off and lead them behind the security fence or in a field.- Mark up the accident scene in both directions (safety triangles must be dispatched at least 30 metres away and if necessary at the bend preceding the accident. One has to see the triangle from a distance of 100 metres);

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After a quick analysis of the situation, alert but be raised as soon as possible.

On the motorway, use the emergency call boxes that will facilitate your location and thus help the emergency services to arrive quicker.

Call the following numbers:

Give as much information as possible to emergency services:

- Location of the accident (road name, direction in which the accident occurred ...)- Mention the type of the damaged vehicles (Trucks, LPG vehicles, ...), the number  of vehicles involved and any special circumstances.- Inquire about the number and condition of the injured people.

Emergency phonenumbers in different countries

medical service

fire service Police / RCMP

15 18 17

118 115 113

061 080 091

112 112 110

European emergency number:

112

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Until help services arrive, it is necessary to help injured people without endangering their life further

-Talk to the injured people: it will reassure them and keep them awake.

- Cover them: someone under shock is always cold;

  If the injured person is bleeding a lot:- Try to stop the bleeding by compressing the injury with a clean tissue- Attach a plaster (a towel for example) with a tight strip - but not too tight.- If the bleeding does not stop: put a second plaster on the first one.

  If the injured person is not breathing (or breathing very badly):  Loosen their clothes (collar, tie and belt)  Get rid of any foreign body in their mouths.

The limits of the driver and the vehicle

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BRAKE

DANGER

DECISIONANALYSIS

TRANSMISSION

ACTION

1 à 2 second

TRANSMISSION

Reaction time

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… About a second later the foot presses on the pedal

DISTANCE drivenDURING response time BRAKING DISTANCE

STOPPING DISTANCE

+

The obstacle is seen

How long does it take to stop a vehicle?

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RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SPEED AND STOPPING DISTANCE (on dry road)

33m

30m

28m

25m

22m

21m

18m

15m

12m

87m

78m

64m

50m

41m

30m

18m

10 m

8m

0m 20m 40m 60m 80m 100m 120m 140m

40 km ph

50 km ph

60 km ph

70 km ph

80 km ph

90 km ph

100 km ph

110 km ph

120 km ph

Reaction time Braking distance

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Evolution of stopping distancesResponse time 1 second - dry road (car slowing down 7 m / s / s)

Reaction

Braking

Distance (m)

Sp

eed

(km

ph

)

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Speed

50Km ph

The violence of the shock:

x4

100

Km ph

x2

70Km ph

x3

87Km ph

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Equivalence between different shocks

=

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Representations of the shocks

1 Tonne100 Km phA child

25 Kg

70 Kg100 Km phBrain

1,5 Kg

3 Tonnes100 Km ph75 Kg

780 Kg50 Km ph75 Kg

120 Kg20 Km ph75 Kg

Weight ShockSpeedSomeone

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Vertical drop

1,4 seconde fall

1,2 seconde fall

1 seconde fall

0,7 seconde fall

IMPACT (Km ph)

ILLUSTRATION…ILLUSTRATION…

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Clear vision area

blurred vision area

blurred vision area

blind spot blind spot

Visual perception

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Speed and visual perception

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Safe distance(Decree 23/11/2001)

When two vehicles are following each other the second driver must maintain a safe distance corresponding to the distance traveled by the vehicle for a period of at least 2 seconds (response time):

28 meters à 50 km ph

50 meters à 90 km ph

62 meters à 110 km ph

73 meters à 130 km ph

Distance to leave between two vehicles according to the speed

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Alcohol, pils and medicines

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PRODUCTS allowed:Sale authorized and controlled, regulated use.

Alcohol - depression pils prescribed by a doctor- Tobacco (misuse and frequent self-medication)

PRODUCTS prohibited:Manufacture, possession and sale prohibited use also

regulated and sanctioned.

Marihuana - Ecstasy- Cocaine - Héroine

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ALCOHOL

Means of control

• Breathalyser• Breath test

• Breathalyser

• Blood

Testing Checking

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10 cl of a 12.5% alcohol

wine

25 cl of 5 alcohol beer

3 cl of a 40% alcohol whisky

8 cl of a 16 per cent alcohol

drink

How much pure alcoholis there in each of these glasses ?

10 grams of pure alcohol

ALCOHOL

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ALCOHOL

rate (g/l) =Amount of pure alcohol (in grams)

Weight (kg) x 0.7 (man)            0.6 (female)

For a 70 kg man 0,20 g/l

For a woman of 50 kg 0,33 g/lA glass

blood alcohol test when fasting

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ALCOHOL

Note:

Speed elimination by the liver is 0.10 to 0.15 g / l / hour.

It is unique according to each individual

Note:

Speed elimination by the liver is 0.10 to 0.15 g / l / hour.

It is unique according to each individual

PROCESS OF ELIMINATIONOF ALCOHOL

Alcohol spreads in all the water Alcohol spreads in all the water of the body, e.g. 60% of the of the body, e.g. 60% of the

body weight.body weight.

Breath 2,5 %

Skin very low part

Liver 95 %

Kidneys during urination 2,5 %

Alcohol ingested

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Alcohol and risk of accidents

ALCOHOL

FREUDENBERG

curve

Grams / litre

Mu

ltip

lyin

g t

he

risk

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ALCOHOL

The effects of alcohol on the driver

Small reduction in the ability to perform simple maneuvers and

change direction

blurred vision on the sides, difficulty to distinguish the signs

Significant slowing of response capabilities

Major disturbances of visual perception

more risky way and more risky of driving. Capabilities to react simultaneously is lowered.

Reduction of the assimilation of perceptions

Driving errors

Significant problems of coordination

-0,3--0,3-

-0,4--0,4-

-0,6--0,6-

-0,8--0,8-

-1,5--1,5-

-0,0--0,0-

Grams per litre of blood

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ALCOHOL

Alcohol and stopping distance at 100 km ph

0,00 g

0,50 g

0,80 g

100 m100 m

105 m105 m

120 m120 m

When a sober driver stops, a driver with 0.80 g of alcohol in his/her blood is still driving at over 60 km / h.

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DRUG THE « RAPIDSTAT » kit

Tests: marihuana, heroine, cocaine, amphetamines• A result of a collaboration between German, American and French companies.

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DRUG Marihuana and crash risk

Cannabis + driving

X 1,8The risk of being responsible for a fatal accident

Cannabis + Alcohol + driving

X 14The risk of being responsible for a fatal accident

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DRUG Cannabis and psycho physiological disruption

- Altered tracking activity

- Altered concentration

- Decision time is lengthened

- Process of information control is altered

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DRUGS

Pils and driving

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TirednessRecognizing the signs warning you that you might fall asleep

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Vigilance at day time

MAXIMUMIn the morning

MINIMUMMid-night

DROPearly

afternoon

RISEearly

evening

40MAXIMUMIn the morning

MINIMUM mid-night

DROPearly

afternoon

RISEearly

evening

Vigilance at day time

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Stiff neckBack painFixed attention

Heavy eyesyawningFrequent need to change position

difficulty: Maintaining a constant speed Maintaining direction Drop in concentration to signs or traffic

Risk of falling asleep

Break

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Phoning while driving

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Phoning while driving:

- Is the 4th cause of death on the road after alcohol, speed and not wearing seat belts

- Increases the reaction time by 50% on average

Accident risk is multiplied by 5

The decrease in concentration results in the following effects:

- Fixed attention (glance in mirrors and on the sides of the car are less frequent)

- Increased reaction time

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Comparing different countries

Alcohol regulation

Speed regulation

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BLOOD ALCOHOL IN EUROPE

0,2 gr/

0,5 gr/

0,8 gr/

Italy, Germany, Greece, France***, Netherlands, Finland, Austria*, Portugal, Belgium, Denmark,

Spain**

Sweden

United Kingdom, Ireland, Luxembourg,

***0.2 for coach drivers** 0.3 for learners (<2 years license), truck drivers > 3.5 T, buses, school buses and buses with children, ambulances and taxis* 0.1 for learners (> 2 years license), bus drivers and truck drivers > 7 T, tractors and mopeds (-20ans)

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SANCTIONS IN EUROPE IN RELATION TO ALCOHOL

FRANCE GERMANY SPAIN ITALY

from 0.5g / l to 0.79g / l:  750 euros fine  Loss of 6 points on licenseFrom 0.8 g / l:- Suspension of driver's license for up to 5 years  Fine of up to € 4500  imprisonment for 2 years- Loss of 6 points on license

From 0.3 g / l to 0.5 g / l:- Loss of 7 points on the driver's license (if accident)  fine- Prison sentence of up to 5 years (if accident)- Suspension of driver's licenseFrom 0.5 g / l to 1.1 g / l:- Loss of 4 points (7 if accident)  fine- Prison sentence of up to 5 years (if accident)- Cancellation of driver's license (if accident)> 1.1 g / l:- Loss of 7 points   fine - Prison sentence of up to 5 years (if accident) - Cancellation of driver's license (if accident)

From:- 0.5 g / l for drivers- 0.3 g / l for professionals (drivers, bus ...) and younger drivers (- 2 year license)

The fine is 500 euros.In case of accident, legal proceedings start at 0.80 g / l, and in the case of a control, they are open at 1.20 g / l.

Sanctions:- Imprisonment from 3 to 6 months- Community service from 31 to 90 daysLicense suspension for 1 to 4 years.

From 0.5 g / l to 0.8 g / l: - Fine from 500 to € 2000 - License suspension from 3 to 6 monthsFrom 0.8 g / l to 1.5 g / l: - Fine from 800 to 3200 € - Imprisonment for 6 months - Suspension from 6 months to 1 year> 1.5 g / l: - Fine of 1500 to € 6000 - Imprisonment for 3 months to 1 year-  License suspension of 1 to 2 years - Seized Vehicle - confiscation of the vehicle

Loss of up to 10 points on the driver's license

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SPEED LIMITS ON HIGHWAYS IN EUROPE

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SPEED LIMITS ON ROADS IN EUROPE

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SPEED LIMITS IN EUROPE IN TOWN

The speed limit is 50 km PH in all the European countries.

England only limits the speed to 48 Km ph in urban areas.

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SANCTIONS IN EUROPE IN RELATION TO THE SPEED

FRANCE GERMANY SPAIN ITALY

Exceeding speed limit:Less than 30 ph: - No point off - Fine: trucks: 120 € , cars: 100 € 31 to 40 ph:- 2 points off- Fine trucks: 150 € , cars: 140 €From 60 ph to 120 ph, if exceeded between 41 and 50 ph: - 3 points off - Fine: trucks: 220 € , cars: 200€ From 80 ph to 120 ph, if exceeded between 51 and 68 ph: - 4 points off - Fine: trucks: 300 €, cars: 300€From 30 ph and up to 50 ph, if exceeded between 41 and 47 ph: - 6 Points off - Fine: trucks: 450 €, cars: 380 €From 60 ph to 120 ph, if exceeded between 46 and 98 ph: - 6 points off- Fine:trucks: from 520 € to 600 €, - Cars: from 450 € to 520 €

Exceeding the speed limit:Less than 10 ph:- Fine 39 to 50.67 € 10 to 40 ph:- 159 € to 212 €- 3 points off 40 to 60 ph:- Fine 500 to 666.67 € - 6 points off- Suspension of driver's license from 1 to 3 months> 60 ph: - Fine from 779 € to 1038 €  - 10 points off - Suspension of driver's license 6 to 12 months

Exceeding the speed limit:

Less than 20 Km / h: - Fine from 68 to 135 € - Removing a point20 to 29 Km / h:- Fine of € 135- 2 points off on license30 to 39 Km / h:- Fine of € 135- 3 points off> 40 Km / h: - Fine of € 1500 - 6 points off - Suspension of driver's license from 6 to 12 months

Exceeding the speed limit:Less than 10 Km ph:  - Fine of 15 €11 to 15 Km ph:- Fine of 25 € 16 to 20 Km ph:- Fine of 35 €21 to 25 Km ph: - Fine of 80 € - 1 point off26 to 30 Km ph:- Fine of 100 €- 3 points off31 to 40 ph: - Fine of 160 € - 3 points off - Suspension of license: 1 month41 to 50 ph: - Fine of 200 € - 4 points off  - Suspension of license: 1 month51 to 60 ph: - Fine of 280 € - 4 points off - Suspension of license 2 months61 to 70 ph: - Fine of 480 €  - 4 points off - Suspension of license 3 months> 70 Km ph: - Fine of 680 € - 4 points off - Suspension of license 3 months

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…On the road, we have no right ...

Just duties ...

By not respecting the rules of the road, you put the lives of other people at risk as well as your own life ...

You do not have the right to decide to take someone's life away.