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WHAT IS BIOLOGYChapter 1.1

The Study of Life

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the science of life or living matter in all its forms

biology

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The primary focus of all biological studies is understanding the world of living things and how they react.

UNDERSTANDING LIVING THINGS

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The study of biology includes the investigation of interactions among species.

ALL LIVING SPECIES INTERACT WITH ONE

ANOTHER

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Many have not been named yet…others not yet discovered.

MILLIONS OF LIFE FORMS

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By studying biology, you can better appreciate the great diversity of species on Earth and the way each species fits into the dynamic pattern of life on the planet

EVERYONE BENEFITS FROM THE STUDY OF

BIOLOGY

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ASKING QUESTIONS ABOUT LIFE… The answers lead to biological

principles and rules

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INTERACTIONS OF LIFE Living things do not exist in isolation There is a delicate balance in nature Living things depend on other living and non-

living things

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All living things depend on other living things for their existence; all living things play a part in the delicate balance of life.

LIVING THINGS DO NOT EXIST IN

ISOLATION

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BIOLOGISTS STUDY PROBLEMS They propose solutions Can lead to medical treatment, disease

prevention, species preservation, etc.

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application of scientific research to society's needs and problems

technology

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CHARACTERISTICS OF LIVING THINGS Organization – an orderly structure – basic unit is

cell Reproduction – produce offspring Growth – increase in living material, new structures Response to Stimuli – interact with their

environment Maintain Homeostasis – regulate their environment Obtain and use materials – energy As a group they evolve – changing over time

http://www.ccs.k12.in.us/chsBS/kons/kons/charoflifenote.htm

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CHARACTERISTICS OF LIVING THINGS Organization – an orderly structure –

basic unit is cell

http://www.ccs.k12.in.us/chsBS/kons/kons/charoflifenote.htm

CHARACTERISTICSOF

LIVING THINGS14

To be considered living, something must exhibit all of the characteristics of life.

Organism is another word for living thing.

Every living thing, single-celled organisms to complex, multicellular plants and animals, is made up of parts that function together in an orderly living system.

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orderly structure of cells in an organism

organization

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anything that possesses all the characteristics of life

organism

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a group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring in nature

species

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CHARACTERISTICS OF LIVING THINGS Reproduction – produce offspring

http://www.ccs.k12.in.us/chsBS/kons/kons/charoflifenote.htm

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Examples of reproduction:• Pollen grains released from a flower• Bean plants producing seed in a pod• An amoeba dividing in half

ALL LIVING THINGS MUST BE ABLE TO

REPRODUCE

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CHARACTERISTICS OF LIVING THINGS Growth – increase in living material,

new structures

http://www.ccs.k12.in.us/chsBS/kons/kons/charoflifenote.htm

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increase in the amount of living material and formation of new structures in an organism

growth

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all the changes that take place in the life of an organism

development

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A corn plant producing ears of corn is an example of:• growth• development• reproduction

ALL LIVING THINGS MUST BE ABLE TO

REPRODUCE

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CHARACTERISTICS OF LIVING THINGS Response to Stimuli – interact with

their environment

http://www.ccs.k12.in.us/chsBS/kons/kons/charoflifenote.htm

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any condition in an environment that requires an organism to adjust

stimulus

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biotic and abiotic surroundings to which an organism must constantly adjust

environment

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an organism's reaction to a change in its internal or external environment

response

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CHARACTERISTICS OF LIVING THINGS Maintain Homeostasis – regulate

their environment

http://www.ccs.k12.in.us/chsBS/kons/kons/charoflifenote.htm

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organism's regulation of its internal environment to maintain conditions suitable for survival

homeostasis

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CHARACTERISTICS OF LIVING THINGSObtain and use materials – energy

http://www.ccs.k12.in.us/chsBS/kons/kons/charoflifenote.htm

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the ability to do work

energy

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CHARACTERISTICS OF LIVING THINGS As a group they evolve – changing

over time

http://www.ccs.k12.in.us/chsBS/kons/kons/charoflifenote.htm

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the ability of a species to survive in a particular ecological niche, esp. because of alterations of form or behavior brought about through natural selection

adaptation