1 cinematic technique

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  • Introduction to Film Studies 1: Hollywood CinemaLecture One:A Vocabulary of Cinematic Techniques

  • The Birth of CinemaThe Lumire Brothers demonstrate their cinematograph: 28th December 1895, ParisCulmination of scientific developments over the C19:The discovery of persistence of vision;The Zoetrope; flip booksThe magic lantern;The Praxinoscope

  • The Birth of CinemaKodaks strip filmEdisons KinetoscopeCinema as a sideshow attraction/novelty valueCamera trickery: Georges MlisThe birth of narrative: The Great Train Robbery (USA 1903: Edwin S. Porter)

  • D.W. Griffith: Father of FilmCombining narrative techniques: cross-cutting, shot distanceAmerica had effected, within a few brief years, the artistic maturing of the cinema. This was, practically speaking, the single-handed achievement of David Wark Griffith David Robinson, World Cinema (London: Methuen, 1981), p.56.He put beauty and poetry into a cheap and tawdry sort of amusement, Erich von Stroheim in Robinson, World Cinema, p.56.

  • Cinematic Technique:Camera PositionStatic shot (tableaux)Panning (vertical or horizontal)Angles (high/low/tilted)Distance (close-up, wide shot)ZoomMovement (tracking, crane, helicopter)Steadicam

  • Cinematic Technique:The Photographic ImageFraming and compositionBlack and white, or colourLighting (chiaroscuro)Depth of field (deep focus)

  • Cinematic Technique:Mise-en-sceneA theatrical termWhat is in the sceneFigure compositionSet design or locationPropsCostumeMake-up

  • Cinematic Technique:EditingLinear editingContinuityMatching eye-linesPaceCondensing or expanding timeNon-linear editingJump cuts and shock edits

  • Cinematic Technique: SoundDiegeticDisplaced diegetic (voice-over)Non-diegeticMusic underliningScore vs. Recorded musicEffects

  • Cinematic Technique:Special Effects (SFX)Slow-motion or speeded-up motionSuperimposition blue screen, back projection, matte shotsDigital imaging

  • Practical Film AnalysisBreaking a film into sequencesClose textual analysis finger on the pause button!How is technique used?What is the effect on the spectator?What is the film-makers intention?

  • Citizen KaneOrson Welles: background in theatre and radio; War of the Worlds broadcast; RKO; collaboration with Greg Tolland; learnt by watching filmsThe films reception: William Randolph Hearst; iconic critical status; Is this the best film ever made?Style over substance? Just how many different techniques does Welles use in Citizen Kane