1. circuit terminology circuits by ulaby & maharbiz
TRANSCRIPT
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1. CIRCUIT TERMINOLOGY
CIRCUITS by Ulaby & Maharbiz
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Overview
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Chapter 1: Circuit Terminology
Electronics Devices – active vs. passive Circuits Systems
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Cell-Phone Architecture
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Units, Multiples, Notation
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Tech Brief 1: Micro- and Nanotechnology
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Tech Brief 1: Micro- and Nanotechnology
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Tech Brief 1: Micro- and Nanotechnology
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Charge & Current
Unit of charge = coulomb
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Electron Drift
Response time = 0.2 microsecond
Actual travel time = 10 days!!
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Current
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Example 1-1: Charge Transfer Given:
Determine: (a) q(t) (b)
Solution:
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Example 1-1: Charge Transfer (cont.)
(b)
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Voltage & Power
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Reference/Ground
Choose reference point for potential Assign potential at reference = 0, called
ground Now all potentials are relative to ground
terminal
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Measuring Voltage & Current Voltmeter: measures voltage without drawing
current Ammeter: measures current without dropping
voltage
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Open Circuit & Short Circuit Open circuit: no path for current flow (R
= ) Short circuit: no voltage drop (R = 0)
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Power
Rate of expending or absorbing energy
vidt
dq
dq
dw
dt
dwP
Energy conservation
Units: watts
0 P
One watt = power rate of one joule of work per second. 1 W = 1 A x 1 V
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Passive Sign Convention
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Example 1-4: Energy Consumption
Given: Resistor consuming 20 W before switch turned off at t = 0.
Also Determine: Total energy consumed by resistor after t
= 0. Solution:
(before t = 0)
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Circuit Elements: Independent Sources
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Circuit Elements: Dependent Sources
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I-V for Sources
Current/voltage fixed for independent sources What does a non-ideal
source look like? Dependent sources
vary with reference voltage/current What are units for
slope?
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Equivalent Circuit Using Dependent Source
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Example 1-5: Dependent Source Given:
Determine: Solution:
Source is CCVS
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Tech Brief 2: Moore’s Law
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Tech Brief 2: Moore’s Law
Challenges to Continuation of Moore’s Law Heat dissipation Size (approaching atomic dimensions)
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Summary