1 computing for everyone cs 4 hs 2009 richard ladner university of washington
TRANSCRIPT
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Computing for Everyone
CS 4 HS2009
Richard Ladner University of Washington
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Computer Scientists
TV RamanChristian Vogler
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Computer Scientists
Chieko AsakawaIBM Japan
Hideji NagaokaTsukuba U. of Tech
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Engineer
Iraq War VeteranJonathan Kuniholm
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Geerat Vermeij
Geerat Vermeij, Ph.D.Evolutionary Biologist
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Steven Hawking
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Sangyun Hahn Ph.D. StudentCSE
Zach LattinMath Major
UWStudents
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The Message
• People with disabilities can do almost anything in almost any scientific field.
• People with disabilities are often highly motivated to pursue careers in accessibility research.
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What We’ll Do Today
• Models of Disability
• Data
• Accessibility Research
• Empowerment
• AccessComputing
• Discussion
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Models of Disability
• Medical Model– Disabled people are patients who need treatment and/or cure.
• Education Model– Disabled youth need special education.
• Rehabilitation Model– Disabled people need assistive technology for employment and
everyday life.
• Legal Model– Disabled people are citizens who have rights and responsibilities
like other citizens. Accessibility to public buildings and spaces, voting, television, and telephone are some of those rights.
• Social Model– Disabled people are part of the diversity of life, not necessarily in
need of treatment and cure. They do need access when possible.
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Technology
• Prosthesis– Augmentation to restore lost function. Call it a “cure.”
• Assistive technology– Popular in rehabilitation literature. Emphasis on the
need for assistance.• Access technology
– Allows an activity that would be difficult to impossible to achieve without it. Emphasis not on restoring function, but on achieving an end goal by whatever means possible.
– Examples: Screen readers, video phones, wheel chairs
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What We’ll Do Today
• Models of Disability
• Data
• Accessibility Research
• Empowerment
• AccessComputing
• Discussion
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Basic Data
• 16% of US population to ages 15 to 64 is disabled.
• 10% of the workforce is disabled
• 5% of the STEM workforce is disabled
• 1% of PhDs in STEM are disabled
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Demographics General Population
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
With a disability Difficulty seeing Difficulty hearing Difficulty withspeech
Difficultywalking/using
stairs
Learningdisability
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
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Number
Percent
Number (in thousands) Percent
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Survey of Income and Program Participation, 2002
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Demographics Ages 14-21
0
20
40
60
80
100
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
Percent
Specific learningdisabilities
Visual impairments
Hearing impairments
Orthopedic impairments
Multiple
Other
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Office of Special Education Programs, www.ideadata.org
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What We’ll Do Today
• Models of Disability
• Data
• Accessibility Research
• Empowerment
• AccessComputing
• Discussion
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CHI “Disability” Search
• Year Number
• 1982 – 85 0
• 1986 – 9010 (4%)
• 1990 – 9515 (5%)
• 1996 – 00 20 (6%)
• 2001 – 05 90 (23%)
• 2006 – 08 71 (17%) (3 years)
CHI is the leading Human/Computer Interaction Conferencein the world.
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Other Conferences
• ASSETS – ACM
• ICCHP– Europe
• CSUN– Cal State Northridge
• ATIA– Industry Conference
• W4A– Collocated with WWW
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UW Faculty Involvement
• Richard Ladner (CSE)• Dan Weld (CSE)• James Landay (CSE)• Gaetano Borriello (CSE)• Yoky Matsuoka (CSE)• Jake Wobbrock (Information School)• Eve Riskin (EE) • Mari Ostendorf (EE)• Jeff Bilmes (EE)• Julie Kientz (ISchool and TC)• Shwetak Patel (CSE,EE)
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UW Research Students with Disabilities
• Shawn Kane*• Sangyun Hahn*• Zack Lattin*• Lindsay Yazzolino*• Stewart Olsen*• Matt Starn• Jason Schwebke• Annemarie Poginy*• Tim Shockley*• Jessie Shulman *• Andy Martin*• Barbara Wagreich* • Kathryn Sullivan• Pam Siebert *Co-authors
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VoiceDraw
Susumu Harada, Jeff Bilmes, James Landay
2007-8 National Scholar Award for Workplace Innovation & Design, 2nd place
MS Paint9 hours
VoiceDraw3 hours
Video
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WebAnywhere
Jeff Bigham
- Andrew W. Mellon Foundation Award for Technology Collaboration (2008)- Microsoft Imagine Cup Accessible Technology Award (2008) - W4A Accessibility Challenge Delegate’s Award (2008)
Video
Web site
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Supple
Krzysztof Z Gajos, Jacob O. Wobbrock and Daniel S. Weld.
CHI 2008 Best Paper Award
Video
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ANATOMICALLY CORRECT TESTBED ROBOTIC HAND
Yoky MatsuokaMacArthur Award Winner
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ClassInFocus
Anna Cavender, Kathryn Sullivan, Richard Ladner
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MobileASL
Video
Eve RiskinRichard LadnerSheila HemamiJake WobbrockAnna CavenderNeva CherniavskyRahul VanhamJaehong ChonMany undergrads
Best Student PaperASSETS 2006
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What We’ll Do Today
• Models of Disability
• Data
• Accessibility Research
• Empowerment
• AccessComputing
• Discussion
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Design Concepts in HCI
• User Centered Design– Involve the user at every step
• Universal Design– Design for all users, if possible
• Design for User Empowerment– Design to enable people to solve their own
accessibility problems, if possible
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Accessibility vs. Usability
• Accessibility– Tool that make it possible to do a task
• Usability– Tool that make is possible to do a task– Relatively easy to learn– Relative fast to use
• Example – Audio Captchas
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Accessibility vs. Empowerment
• Accessibility– Tool that make it possible to do a task
• Empowerment– Tool that makes it possible to do a task– Tool created by or configured by the person
with the disability
• Examples– Variable speed speech in screen readers– Variable size large print in text enlargers
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The Future of Empowerment
• Cell phones become an accessibility tools– Users download accessibility applications
• Social Accessibility– Mobile users get advice remotely on-demand
when needed
• Persons with disabilities, with a superior education, control their own accessibility needs
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Nicole Torcolini Story
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What We’ll Do Today
• Models of Disability
• Data
• Accessibility Research
• Empowerment
• AccessComputing
• Discussion
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Goals
An alliance to increase the participation and success of individuals with disabilities in computing careers
Richard Ladner, PISheryl Burgstahler, Co-PI & DirectorLisa Stewart, Manager Rob Roth, DHH SpecialistTerry Thompson, Technical Specialist
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AccessComputing Alliance Partners• Gallaudet University
• RIT/NTID
• Microsoft
• Regional Alliances for Persons with Disabilities in STEM
• Broadening Participation Alliances
• ACM SIGACCESS
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Objective 1
• to increase the number of students with disabilities successfully pursuing undergraduate & graduate degrees & careers in computing fields
• Activities: College transition & bridge programs; tutoring; high school, college, graduate internships; e-mentoring
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Objective 2
• to increase the capacity of postsecondary computing departments to fully include students with disabilities in computing courses & programs
• Activities: Communities of Practice (CoPs) & Capacity-Building Institutes of stakeholders/gatekeepers & Computing Department Accessibility Checklist
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Objective 3
• to create a nationwide resource to help students with disabilities pursue computer fields and computing educators and employers, professional organizations, & other stakeholders develop more inclusive programs & share effective practices
• Activities: AccessComputing Knowledge Base (KB) of FAQs, case studies, promising practices; multimedia training; articles in scholarly journals & other periodicals
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www.washington.edu/accesscomputing
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Advancing Deaf & Hard of Hearing in Computing
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Web Page
http://www.washington.edu/accesscomputing/dhh/
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Goals
• Raise the bar for deaf and hard of hearing in computing fields
• Establish UW Summer Academy
• Establish e-Mentoring Community
• Develop Community of Practice (CoP)
• Encourage collaborations
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Summer Academy
• 9-week program for 9 students who are deaf or hard of hearing, beginning with the 2007 summer term.
• Programming course for credit• Animation team projects• Role models• Career Building (networking, resumes, study habits)• Industry visits (e.g. Microsoft, Adobe, Google, Intel)
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Summer Academy Video
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Share Your Experiences