1Copenhague, 29 June 2009 - OECD

Higher Education in Andalusia at a Time of Crisis

An Opportunity for Regional Development

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1. Andalucía: a Regional University System

2. The Crisis: Impact, Challenges and Opportunities

3. Looking for a Way Out

Index

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1. Andalucía: a Regional University System

2. The Crisis: Impact, Challenges and Opportunities

3. Looking for a Way Out

Index

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1. AndalucíaThe Region

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1. AndalucíaSome Relevant Figures (IEA 2007)

A brief look at basic figures shows a “country size” region with a growing economy

Population

1 Andalucía: 8.059.461 inhabitants: 50.37% femaleSpain: 45.200.737 inhabitants, 50.57% female

Denmark: 5.447.084 inhabitants, 50.49% female EU: 495.854.635 inhabitants, 51.18% female

Andalucía is 17.8% Spain, 147.95% Denmark population, 1.62% EU

Economy

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Cohesion Policy framework: Andalucía is a Convergence Region2008 GDP: 149.909.933 €. A 13,7% national GDP

Economic Sectors rates for GAV & employment : Service, 60%; Industrial, 15%/11%; Construction, 12%/15%; Agriculture: 10%R&D Investment Policy: 0.89% Andalusian Budget (0.36% in 1997) vs. 1.2% National rate. 1987-2006 annual investment increase: 13.7% in Andalucia, 11.9 % as national average increase

Understanding the characteristics of Andalucia Region is of major importanceto assess the impact of and the proper initiatives to be taken to address the present economic crisis

Area

2 8 provinces: 87 598 km2 and 873 km coastlineHuelva-Almería, 482 km vs. Huelva-Madrid, 635 km

Spain: 505 990 km2; Denmark: 43 098 km2; EU: 4.303.404 km2

Andalucía is 16,7% Spain, 203% Denmark and 2.03% UE territory

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1. AndalucíaHigher Education System

In Spain , the Higher Education system is composed of Universities, Higher Vocational Training Schools and Superior Dramatic and Musical Schools. Nevertheless, this paper is solely concerned with Andalusian Universities.

10 Public Universities forming the Andalusian University System (AUS)*

1 Private University has been authorised, not already in existence

University of Sevilla (1505) - US University of Huelva (1993) - UHU

University of Granada (1512) - UGR University of Almería (1993) - UAL

University Málaga (1968) - UMA University of Jaén (1993) - UJA

University of Córdoba (1972) - UCO International University of Andalucia (1994) - UNIA

University of Cádiz (1979) - UCA University Pablo de Olavide (1997) - UPO

Universitiy Landscape

(*) There is a common entrance system to the AUS: any student, passing entrance exams in Andalusia, may apply to any of the AUS institutions, in a preferential way compared to students from outside the Andalusian Education System. Previously, every university was forced to select the students from the closest area with preference to any other student.

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1. AndalucíaSome Figures about the AUS

Total Public Expense for Universities (2007): 1 291 mill €Total 10 Andalusian Universities Budget: 1 747 mill €

Advanced Public Budget for Universities (2008): 1 490 mill. €

2008% Female

• UAL 11.307 58,94• UCA 19.544 55,97• UCO 17.679 53,65• UGR 56.091 55,88• UHU 10.102 55,38• UJA 14.515 54,07• UMA 33.423 55,64• UPO 8.567 58,59• USE 57.426 53.35

• ANDA. 228.654 55,16• SPAIN 1.396.607 54,31

Students Faculty Members

2008 % Female

• UAL 859 36,79• UCA 1.637 31,46• UCO 1.369 31,19• UGR 3.682 35,01• UHU 897 37,46• UJA 1.129 37,29• UMA 2.208 34,28• UPO 825 39,27• USE 4.242 33,24

• ANDA. 16.848 34,40• SPAIN 98.304 36,40

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1. AndalucíaFinancial Agreement between the Regional Government and the Universities

A financial model was agreed by the CAU* for the period 2007-2011, based on:- University performance- Shared private and public financing

(*) CAU: Consejo Andaluz de Universidades or Andalusian University Council, which is composed by the Regional Ministry of Innovation, Science and Enterprise, the 10 Universities, the 10 Social Councils of Universities, the Regional Education Council, and 5 members elected in Parliament.

Financial terms and conditions

The financial agreement signed, the financial terms are not supposed to be exposed to the economic crisis, before the terms and conditions are re-negotiated by 2011.

Terms and Conditions

1.5% regional GDP ceiling to be attained by 2011

70% - 30% public and private University income

III Infrastructure Investment Plan

2007 outcomes

1.25% Regional GDP(1.4% 2008)

73.89% - 26.11%

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1. Andalucía: a Regional University System

2. The Crisis: Impact, Challenges and Opportunities

3. A Lifelong Learning Era: the Way Out of the Crisis

Index

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2. The CrisisImpact on employment

Economic crisis has a severe impact on employment in Andalucía given the dominance of the construction and tourism sectors in the region’s economy.

Spain Andalucía

Dec 2006 Mar 2009 Var. Dec 2006 Mar 2009 Var.

Unemployment rate (%) 8.30 17.36 +9.06 12.22 24.04 +11.82

Unemployment rate (Male, %) 6.06 16.86 +10.8 8.71 22.50 +13.79

Unemployment rate (Female, %) 11.36 18.01 +6.65 17.54 26.15 +8.61

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2. The CrisisImpact on Public Budget

University, Research and Innovation policy have not been affected, up to day, by a severe funding shortcut. A slower growth pattern is shown, which illustrates a political commitment to a new

economic structure design –based on Innovation and Education- for the Region.

The Regional Budget amounts to 33.8 billion € in 2009, from which 2.6 for the Regional Ministry in charge of Universities and Innovation.

Budget increase rate vs. inflation

4,21,4 -0,10

9,5

5,6

10,5011,6

-5

0

5

10

15

20

25

2007 2008 2009

Year

Incr

ease

Rat

e

Inflation Regional Government Regional Ministry

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2. The CrisisChallenges

These are the challenges defined by new Government, connected to the crisis.

Education Innovation

Key Economic Sectors

SocialCohesion

1 Leading Policy:Foundation to an

entrepreneurship, tolerant and prosper society

3Biotech, Renewable Energy Sources, Food, Tourism, Aeronautic, Communication Tech.

4The EU Social Model is promoted through a higher education level in a more innovative society

2The way to upgrade the economic structure of Andalucía through

efficiency and creativity

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2. The CrisisOpportunities

A Knowledge Society

The Research and Higher Education needs to increase at a crisis time to build up a more sustainable and economic model

Mid term: More education and research will renew the economic growth pattern in the Region

Growth model based on traditional Rural Economy, Tourism and Construction Sector. New Sectors to be explored

Welfare Society, with a high educational attainment and social services, based on new technologies and innovation

New Role for Universities in Regional Development

Added Value Economy through Innovation

Long term: Establishing a golden triangle Higher Education, Innovation and Welfare

Short Term: Lifelong Learning Opportunities and Applied ResearchChallenges

Universities

1 2 3

SocietyEconomic Structure

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1. Andalucía: a Regional University System

2. The Crisis Impact: Challenges and Opportunities

3. Looking for a Way Out

Index

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3. Looking for a Way OutActors and Actions

UniversitiesRegional Stakeholders

Regional Ministry

Lifelong Learning Era

Regional MinistryUniversities

Regional Stakeholders

OECD/IHME Review

National and Regional GovernmentsUniversities

Regional Stakeholders

Financial Commitments

Regional MinistryTechnological CentersRegional Stakeholders

Innovation Review

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3. Looking for the Way OutForging alliances

Regional Government Commitment in OECD/IHME Review

Clear understanding of the objectives of the process

Consequential results

Forging Alliances Process

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3. Looking for the Way OutFinancial Commitments

2010 Public funding guaranteed

Private funding competition

A sensible balance between income and audience

Extending access to University, upgrading the economy structure

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3. Looking for the Way OutInnovation Review

LEED Program Review

Innovation and Internationalization of local and regional economy

Strengthen of HEIS-local companies relationship for Innovation

Expertise and entrepreneurship in the Regional System of Innovation

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3. Looking for the Way OutLifelong Learning

New Design of Graduate and Postgraduate Curricula

Lifelong Learning

A new social role for Universities

Universities are building up internal financial partnerships

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3. Looking for a Way OutStrengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats

Crisis is a time for action, preceded by careful analysis.All stakeholders must be involved in both process, so consensus and commitment be assured.

ThreatsOpportunities

Strengths Weaknesses

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3. Looking for a Way OutStrengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats

Strengths

Opportunities

Weaknesses

Threats

• Regional Ministry for Innovation, Science and Enterprise• Andalusian Public University System – AUPA• Historical Dialogue Process between both• Active attitude on the Regional Ministry side

• Non-active population: target group for Universities• Universities to regain social role as economy engine• New awareness of the importance of Higher Studies

• Small ratio of private funding (<25%)• Scarce public funding for student grants, although growing• Limited innovation in small companies• Rigid University legislation concerning programme offer

• Reduced public funding for education• Loss of confidence in partnerships between HEIs and companies

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Thank You

Eulalia W. Petit de Gabrieleulalia.petit.ext@juntadeandalucia.es

Regional Coordinator, Government of Andalucía – SPAIN (EU)

Higher Education Institutions in Regional and City Development, IHME, OECD