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ARCOMETARCOMETSeminar on Tower Crane SafetySeminar on Tower Crane Safety

2.10 PM to 2.45 PM:2.10 PM to 2.45 PM:

* What is new in EN 14493 ?* What is new in EN 14493 ?

Janssen DavidJanssen David

managing directormanaging director ArcometArcomet

Engineering GroupEngineering Group


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1. What is new in EN 144391. What is new in EN 14439

1.1. Improved comfort and safety with the New European Standard1.1. Improved comfort and safety with the New European Standard EN 144439EN 144439

History:History:

Storms in Europe:Storms in Europe:

* Feb 1990: Wiebke* Feb 1990: Wiebke VivianVivian Daria:Daria: 285 km/h285 km/h

* Dec 1999: Lothar* Dec 1999: Lothar Martin:Martin: 272 km/h272 km/h* Jan 2007: Kyrill:* Jan 2007: Kyrill: 224 km/h224 km/h* Feb 2008: Emma:* Feb 2008: Emma: 224 km/h224 km/h* Jan 2009: Klaus:* Jan 2009: Klaus: 183 km/h183 km/h

remark: Crane standardsremark: Crane standards out of serviceout of service :: 151 km/h151 km/h


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History:History:

National standards and FEM directives:National standards and FEM directives:

* 70* 70 s: DIN 15018 / 15019s: DIN 15018 / 15019

* 80* 80 s: FEM 1001 (1987)s: FEM 1001 (1987) DIN 15018DIN 15018 NF E 52 081NF E 52 081

* 90* 90 s: FEM 1001 (1998)s: FEM 1001 (1998)

* 2000: FEM 1004* 2000: FEM 1004 -- FEM 1004 (FEM 1004 ( out of serviceout of service ))


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History:History:National laws and regulations:National laws and regulations:

* 80* 80 s: 89 / 392 / EWGs: 89 / 392 / EWG 89 / 655 / EWG89 / 655 / EWG

* 90* 90 s: 93 / 44 / EWGs: 93 / 44 / EWG 91 / 368 / EWG91 / 368 / EWG 95 / 63 / EG95 / 63 / EG

Obligatory application of the CEObligatory application of the CE -- machinery directivemachinery directive

* 1995: 95 / 63 / EG* 1995: 95 / 63 / EG

* 1998: 98 / 37 / EG* 1998: 98 / 37 / EG

* 2001: 2001 / 45 / EG* 2001: 2001 / 45 / EG

* 2006: 2006 / 45 / EG (2009)* 2006: 2006 / 45 / EG (2009)


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History:History:

European standards:European standards:

* 80* 80 s: CEN/TC147/WG2s: CEN/TC147/WG2 CEN/TC/147/WGP2CEN/TC/147/WGP2

* 90* 90 s: pr EN 13001s: pr EN 13001 1 /1 / -- 22* 2000: EN 13001* 2000: EN 13001 1/1/ -- 22

* 2010: EN 14439* 2010: EN 14439


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*The new EN 14439 has been developed after wide expert consulta*The new EN 14439 has been developed after wide expert consulta tiontionin order to provide a balanced and upin order to provide a balanced and up --toto --date harmonised standard requested bydate harmonised standard requested bythe European community Machinery Directive:the European community Machinery Directive:

-- It is a full harmonised European product standard for Top SlewIt is a full harmonised European product standard for Top Slew ing anding andSelfSelf --Erecting Tower cranes with:Erecting Tower cranes with:

+ increased safety standards+ increased safety standards+ minimum requirements for:+ minimum requirements for:

-- noise emissionsnoise emissions-- ergonomicsergonomics-- comfort for users, riggers and crane operatorscomfort for users, riggers and crane operators

+ defined and more realistic wind conditions out of operations (+ defined and more realistic wind conditions out of operations ( storm)storm)+ standardized regulations for safe climbing of tower cranes+ standardized regulations for safe climbing of tower cranes-- fulfills the requirements of the European Machine Directive =fulfills the requirements of the European Machine Directive =

LAWLAW

* This standard was introduced : January 1* This standard was introduced : January 1 steste 2010 for all new tower cranes supplied2010 for all new tower cranes supplied


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1.2. Explanation: 2 parts of the standard:1.2. Explanation: 2 parts of the standard:

EN 14439EN 14439

Accessories / ComponentsAccessories / Components OutOut --ofof--service Windservice Windconditionsconditions


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1.2. Explanation: 2 parts of the standard:1.2. Explanation: 2 parts of the standard:

* Accessories / Components:* Accessories / Components:

-- psysical changes neede to meet requirements on driver comfort:psysical changes neede to meet requirements on driver comfort:

* safe access* safe access

* acceptance of anti* acceptance of anti

--collision systemscollision systems

* Wind:* Wind:

-- in service: do not changein service: do not change

-- out of service: FEM 1.005out of service: FEM 1.005


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1.3. European Standards:1.3. European Standards:

* European Standards are bringing a wide range of benefits:* European Standards are bringing a wide range of benefits:

* EN 14439:* EN 14439:

-- increasing construction Site, Technician and Driver Safetyincreasing construction Site, Technician and Driver Safety

-- Improve Operator ComfortImprove Operator Comfort

-- More Flexibility for ownersMore Flexibility for owners

-- Improve Crane Safety inImprove Crane Safety in outout -- of Service conditionsof Service conditions


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1.3.1. Increasing Construction Site and Driver Safety1.3.1. Increasing Construction Site and Driver Safety

* Anemoter (wind sensor) requierd for cranes above 30 m* Anemoter (wind sensor) requierd for cranes above 30 m

*Cranes musts be able to be equipped with anti*Cranes musts be able to be equipped with anti --collision devicescollision devices

* Improved visibility from the driver* Improved visibility from the driver s cab with compulsory windscreen wiperss cab with compulsory windscreen wipers

1.3.2. Improved Operator Comfort:1.3.2. Improved Operator Comfort:

* Requirements on Cab, heating and control station layout* Requirements on Cab, heating and control station layout

* Rest platforms in the mast* Rest platforms in the mast


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1.3.3. Improved Safety for After1.3.3. Improved Safety for After --Sales Technicians & DriversSales Technicians & Drivers

* Requirements for covers and minimum safety distances to reduce* Requirements for covers and minimum safety distances to reduce crushingcrushinghazardshazards

* Requirements to provide better access* Requirements to provide better access

1.3.4. More Flexibility for Owners, Higher Re1.3.4. More Flexibility for Owners, Higher Re --Sale ValuesSale Values

* Good European Standard means that cranes can travel more easil* Good European Standard means that cranes can travel more easil yybetween regionsbetween regions

Less modifications:Less modifications: Having the rigth crane for the right siteHaving the rigth crane for the right site

* Manufacturers will offer machine configurations using the same* Manufacturers will offer machine configurations using the same commoncommonstandardsstandards


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1.3.5. Improved Safety in Out1.3.5. Improved Safety in Out --ofof--service Conditionsservice Conditions

* WIND = Important factor in the stability of the crane* WIND = Important factor in the stability of the crane

* New standards (FEM 1004* New standards (FEM 1004 1005 and EN 14439) are considering the1005 and EN 14439) are considering thewindload in a more realistic way:windload in a more realistic way:

-- Taking in account:Taking in account:

1) crane1) crane s heights height

2) regional wind history2) regional wind history

This reduces the risk of accident due toThis reduces the risk of accident due to outout --ofof--serviceservice wind conditonswind conditons


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-- Wind Recurrence :Wind Recurrence :Wind speed profiles can be set according to various leveWind speed profiles can be set according to various leve ls,ls,based on the time period considered for identifying thebased on the time period considered for identifying thehighest probable windspeed.highest probable windspeed. The longer the time period,The longer the time period,the more probable it is to find bigger stormsthe more probable it is to find bigger storms Typical wind speed profiles are defined for:Typical wind speed profiles are defined for:

* 10, 25 or 50 years* 10, 25 or 50 years* 25 is recommended for tower crane* 25 is recommended for tower crane

-- C category is the minimum required reference wind speedC category is the minimum required reference wind speedso even A en B are C.so even A en B are C.

-- In commercial and technical documents a letter (C,D,E, F)In commercial and technical documents a letter (C,D,E, F)for the reference wind speed followed by a numberfor the reference wind speed followed by a number(10,25,50) for the wind recurrence:(10,25,50) for the wind recurrence:

example:example: C25C25


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Example C25:Example C25:* tower crane in area C with a 25 year* tower crane in area C with a 25 year

recurrencerecurrence

* For a crane at a height of 60 m:* For a crane at a height of 60 m:

EN 14439: windspeed 161 km/hEN 14439: windspeed 161 km/hwind pressure: 120 kg/mwind pressure: 120 kg/m

FEM 1001: windspeed 151 km/hFEM 1001: windspeed 151 km/hwindpressure: 110 kg/mwindpressure: 110 kg/m

Example D 50:Example D 50:* tower crane in area D with a 50 year* tower crane in area D with a 50 yearrecurrencerecurrenceFor a crane at a height of 60 m:For a crane at a height of 60 m:

EN 14439: windspeed 193 km/hEN 14439: windspeed 193 km/hwind pressure: 180 kg/mwind pressure: 180 kg/m

FEM 1001: windspeed 151 km/hFEM 1001: windspeed 151 km/hwindpressure: 110 kg/mwindpressure: 110 kg/m


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1.3.5. Improved Safety in Out1.3.5. Improved Safety in Out --ofof--serviceserviceConditionsConditions


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1.3.5. Improved Safety in Out1.3.5. Improved Safety in Out --ofof--serviceserviceConditionsConditions


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* World situation:* World situation:

-- Nord West Europe:Nord West Europe: EN 14439 C25EN 14439 C25-- Central Europe:Central Europe: EN 14439 C25EN 14439 C25-- Southern Europe:Southern Europe: EN 14439 C25EN 14439 C25-- South East Europe:South East Europe: FEM 1001FEM 1001-- Africa:Africa: FEM 1001FEM 1001-- Russia:Russia: FEM 1001FEM 1001-- Middle East:Middle East: FEM 1001FEM 1001


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* Remarks:* Remarks:-- The effective wind zone for each tower crane location has to beThe effective wind zone for each tower crane location has to be checked!checked!

Exposed locations like:Exposed locations like:-- mountain topsmountain tops-- natural forms e.g. valleysnatural forms e.g. valleys --local particularities like channels caused bylocal particularities like channels caused by

buildings or other anomalies, may cause the necessity of the ubuildings or other anomalies, may cause the necessity of the u se of other windse of other windzones!zones!

-- TheThe crane user is responsiblecrane user is responsible for the clarification and specification of thefor the clarification and specification of the

correct wind zone and recurrence interval for a tower crane!correct wind zone and recurrence interval for a tower crane!-- Use the manufacturerUse the manufacturer s technical information for determining the cranes technical information for determining the crane

compositioncomposition

-- In order to ensure crane stability in the wind areas identifiedIn order to ensure crane stability in the wind areas identified as C25 or above,as C25 or above,in some cases more base ballast and / or reduction in hook heiin some cases more base ballast and / or reduction in hook hei ght will beght will berequiredrequired


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1.3.5. Improved Safety in Out1.3.5. Improved Safety in Out --ofof--service Conditionsservice Conditionsb) Stability proof:b) Stability proof:

1) wind coming from the rear:1) wind coming from the rear:wind: as given in the wind zone classificationwind: as given in the wind zone classification1 * DW + 1 Wind out of service < 1.2 * M stab1 * DW + 1 Wind out of service < 1.2 * M stab ..

+ 2+ 2 ndnd order theoryorder theory1 * DW + 1 Wind out of service < 1.1 * M stab.1 * DW + 1 Wind out of service < 1.1 * M stab.

2) wind coming from the front (DIN 15019)2) wind coming from the front (DIN 15019)wind: 136 km/h (constant from 20 to 100 m)wind: 136 km/h (constant from 20 to 100 m)1 * DW + 1 Wind out of service < 1.0* M stab1 * DW + 1 Wind out of service < 1.0* M stab

3) wind coming from each side:3) wind coming from each side:wind: 100 km/h (all over the height)wind: 100 km/h (all over the height)1 * DW + 1 Wind out of service < 1.0* M stab1 * DW + 1 Wind out of service < 1.0* M stab


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1.3.5. Improved Safety in Out1.3.5. Improved Safety in Out --ofof--service Conditionsservice Conditionsc) Foundation (loading given as):c) Foundation (loading given as):

1) wind coming from the rear:1) wind coming from the rear:wind: as given in the wind zone classificationwind: as given in the wind zone classification1 * DW + 1.1 Wind out of service1 * DW + 1.1 Wind out of service

+ 2+ 2 ndnd order theoryorder theory1 * DW + 1 Wind out of service1 * DW + 1 Wind out of service

2) wind coming from the front (DIN 15019)2) wind coming from the front (DIN 15019)wind: 136 km/h (constant from 20 to 100 m)wind: 136 km/h (constant from 20 to 100 m)1 * DW + 1 Wind out of service1 * DW + 1 Wind out of service

3) wind coming from each side:3) wind coming from each side:wind: 100 km/h (all over the height)wind: 100 km/h (all over the height)1 * DW + 1 Wind out of service1 * DW + 1 Wind out of service


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d) FEM 1001d) FEM 1001 -- FEM 1004FEM 1004 EN 13001 : consider only 2 conditions :EN 13001 : consider only 2 conditions :

In serviceIn service andand out of service (wind zone classification)out of service (wind zone classification)

FEM 1005 : consider also when the slewing part is not compleFEM 1005 : consider also when the slewing part is not comple tely intely inthe wind direction :the wind direction :

* no load* no load

* windspeed 100 km/h* windspeed 100 km/h* wind coming from the most unfavourable direction* wind coming from the most unfavourable direction


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MMPWPW = the wind load verctor perpendicular to the jib= the wind load verctor perpendicular to the jib

MMRWRW = the wind load verctor parallel to the jib (wind coming form t= the wind load verctor parallel to the jib (wind coming form t he rear ofhe rear ofthe frontthe front

MMWW = M= MRWRW + M+ M DWDW (weight Moment)(weight Moment)

MMRR = resulting Moment= resulting Moment


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1.3.6. Differences between the DIN150191.3.6. Differences between the DIN15019 FEM1001 and EN14439 (FEM 1005)FEM1001 and EN14439 (FEM 1005)out of serviceout of service based on 150 tm cranebased on 150 tm crane

a) DIN 15018/19 and FEM 1001 (1998)a) DIN 15018/19 and FEM 1001 (1998)* FEM 1001 increased hook height by 5 %* FEM 1001 increased hook height by 5 %

b) FEM 1001 and EN 14439b) FEM 1001 and EN 14439* EN 14439 C25 : Reduced hook height by 5% and the same ballast* EN 14439 C25 : Reduced hook height by 5% and the same ballast* EN 14439 D25 : Reduced hookheight by 17 % and increased centr* EN 14439 D25 : Reduced hookheight by 17 % and increased centr alal

ballast of 14%ballast of 14%

c) DIN 15018/19 and EN 14439c) DIN 15018/19 and EN 14439* EN 14439 C25 : Same hook height and increased ballast by 17 %* EN 14439 C25 : Same hook height and increased ballast by 17 %* EN 14439 D25 : Reduced hookheight by 17 % and increased centr* EN 14439 D25 : Reduced hookheight by 17 % and increased centr alal

ballast of 14%ballast of 14%


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The EN 14439 is a Benchmark standard

for modern, readily acceptable and safe cranes


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ARCOMET 2010

the endthe endthe end

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