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Design data retrieval and manipulation for subset of ‘Gombe’ database using QBE

Durga GumasteAdvisor: Dr. Shashi

Shekhar

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Agenda

Objective Background and Motivation Query description Query optimization Conclusion

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Objective

Design and implement queries to access andmanipulated ‘Gombe’ chimpanzees data subset,

suchthat queries can be modified by the user having

no background of any Data Manipulation

Language(DML)

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Background and Motivation

Dr. Jane Goodall has done active research of Gombe chimpanzee for last 38 years

Data retrieval for analysis on the data

Frequent query modification

Ease of modification

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Project structure

Database: Microsoft Access 2000 Desktop database Microsoft office suite

Microsoft access- QBE vs. VB script GUI for single SQL queries Execution time Support SQL 92

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About data

Data about “Gombe” chimpanzees Collected since 1953 Behavioral

Food habits How do they travel (in a group or alone)

15 tables Average size: 15-20 MB

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Tables used for queries

Name Description No of records

chimp Chimps observed by biologists 212

Follow Each time a chimp is observed by biologists

8463

Follow_arrival_ new

Any chimp arriving with the focal chimp

230743

Food_bout What and where a focal chimp eats during the follow

68871

Follow_map_position

Location of the focal chimp during the follow

393615

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Relationship between tables

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Queries

Multi-join, nested, range Q1: Find all chimps arriving alone

Q2: Include mothers arriving with off springs Q3: Include siblings

Q4: Exclude mothers and siblings Q5: Find chimps arriving together with other chimp

Single table, aggregate, pointQ6: Find food count of food items in a particular month of a year (Find % food counts)Q7: Find duration for which food items are eaten in a particular month of a year(Find % food duration)

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Nested, join, range query

Chimps arriving alone Chimps are said to be alone when arrival time

between 2 chimps is more than 5 minutes.(Q1) Mothers arriving with off springs are counted as

arriving alone (Q2) Chimps which arrive with their siblings are

counted as arriving alone(Q3) Both Q2 and Q3 (Q4)

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Implementation (Q4)

follow_arrival (A)

follow_arrival (B)

Inner join on A and B (self join)

A.date=B.date A.follow=B.follow A.chimp<>B.chimp

Result Set

Arrival time difference between A.chimp and B.chimp > 5 minutes orA and B are mother child orA and B are siblings

Chimprelationships

Follow_map_position (F)

Inner join with F

A.date=F.date A.follow=F.follow A.chimp<>F.focal A.seq = F.seq

1. Inner join (self join) on follow_arrival

2. Select chimps having fa_time_start difference more than 5 minutes for a particular follow on a particular date

3. Take location coordinates for such chimps from follow_map_position table by joining follow_arrival table with follow_map_position table

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Comparison - PL/SQL & QBE for Q1

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Comparison - PL/SQL & QBE for Q1

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Query optimization in Microsoft Access

Cost bases query optimization MS Jet 3.0 Table statistics

Rushmore optimization Efficient use of indexes Index intersection,union,minus

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Performance evaluation

Execution times

15 12 13 26 10

300

600

300

420480

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

Q1(13135) Q2(16754) Q3(13560) Q4(19699) Q5(187038)

Queries

Tim

e(s) index

no index

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Compact database

Compact database using Compact utility provided by

Microsoft Access De-fragmentation Reordering database pages Reclaim unused space

Original size: 1.1 GB After compaction: 284 MB

Flags queries needing recompilation

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Derived table

Follow Date Time Map Grpsize

------

chimp_id

AL

AO

AP

AR

AT

Follow_ArrivalFollow_map_time

Time interval adjustment10:03 10:0010:11 10:15

Follow_arrival

Certainty Value 1 1 0 0 uncertain blank

Sum of certainties

AL740101 1/1/1974

10:00 AM 2 1 1 0 13

AL AO AP AR

Group_composition_table

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Conclusion

Query modification using QBE Ease of writing and modifying queries GUI

Indexes on join attributes improve the performance by 90-95%

Inner join queries are not displayed in QBE Base queries in SQL and sub-queries in QBE Access uses dyna-sets

Derived tables created in VB Multiple queries Onetime queries

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Future work

Optimize derived table queries in VB Updating group composition table if new

chimp gets added to chimp table

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Acknowledgement

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Questions?

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Desktop Databases

Advantages: Desktop databases are inexpensive Desktop databases are user-friendly Desktop databases offer web solutions

Limitations: Desktop databases generally support only one user. Desktop databases have weak security Desktop databases are not designed for the Internet

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Access Features (product summary)

Advantages:•  Powerful database engine•  Integration with MS Office XP•  Intuitive Graphical User Interface (GUI)

Disadvantages •  Relatively expensive The Bottom Line - If