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Exotic Disease Response TrainingIntroduction to Surveillance

Introduction to Surveillance 2

Session OutcomeAt the end of this session, you should be able to:• describe what Surveillance is• name the roles in the Surveillance Group• describe, at a high level, what those roles do, and• explain where Surveillance fits into the Exotic Disease

Response process

Introduction to Surveillance 3

During this session we will cover:

Training Agenda

1. What is Surveillance?2. Exotic Disease Response Roles – Surveillance Group3. What tasks they perform4. Where Surveillance fits in the Exotic Disease

Response process5. New Principles and Concepts

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• A system or measurement technique to gain knowledge about a population by collection, analysis, and interpretation of data with a view to the early detection of cases of disease or changes in the health status of the population. The goal of surveillance is directed action in the treatment or prevention of the condition. (Cameron 1999)

What is Surveillance?

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• A deliberate attempt to gain knowledge about a population by collection and interpretation of data with a view to the early detection of cases of disease or changes in the health status of the population. It is essentially an interventionist exercise compared to monitoring which is passive.(Kennedy 1990)

What is Surveillance?

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• The continuous investigation of a given population to detect the occurrence of disease for control purposes, which may involve testing a part of the population.(OIE 2003, Chapter 1.3.6)

What is Surveillance?

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What is Surveillance?

A systematic programme of inspection and examination of animals or things to

determine the presence or absence of an emergency disease or organism

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• Surveillance = ‘Find it’• Organism Management = ‘Kill it’

Surveillance v Organism ManagementOrganism Management – Activities to prevent an unwanted organism infecting new hosts.

Examples: host depopulation and disposal, vaccination, and decontamination of infected places.

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• Set by Biosecurity New Zealand• Defines the course of action for the Surveillance

Group to attain specified objectives• Dependent on the nature of the response (control vs.

eradication)• Likely to change as the response progresses

Surveillance Policy and Objectives

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• Surveillance Policy includes the following:– Initial diagnosis– Surveillance of at-risk places– Report case management– Zone surveillance– Other surveillance activity

Surveillance Policy - content

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SurveillanceManager

Public Report Coordinator

GISCoordinator

Field VisitCoordinator

AdministrationCoordinator

InvestigationsCoordinator

TracingCoordinator

Field TeamLeader

FieldVet

SampleReception

TeamLeader

AdminTeam

Leader

AdminOfficer

GISOfficer

Call CentreTeam

Leader

ReportEvaluation

Team Leader

Call CentreOperator

ReportEvaluation

Officer

TracingTeam

Leader

TracingOfficer

FieldInvestigator

Vet

TracingEvaluation

Officer

Surveillance Response roles…

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• Receive and record calls from the public• Evaluate if surveillance is required

Surveillance Group – Public Report

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• Prioritises and coordinates visits• Field Vet collects information, conducts

visual observations for clinical signs, and collects samples

• Suspect animals examined• Decision about immediate report of

clinical disease• Documents all visit activities and submits

samples

Surveillance Group – Field Team

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• Investigations Coordinator decides whether status of a place should be updated to IP/SP, coordinates investigation

• Field Investigator Vet investigates suspected case of unwanted organism, documents activities and submits samples

• Tracing Evaluation Officer evaluates tracing results

Surveillance Group – Investigations

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• Investigates and records all movements that may have spread a disease to or from an infected place

• Includes movement of animals, animal products, people, vehicles, machinery…

Surveillance Group – Tracing

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• Provides visit documents for field/investigation teams

• Records results from each of the other areas

• Receive samples and packages to lab

Surveillance Group – Administration

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• Property casing• Updates the maps used during response• Provide information for trap deployment

Surveillance Group – GIS

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Exotic Disease Response Process

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• Surveillance and Organism Management• Scalability:

– Organisational chart and roles– Role location not prescribed

• Inclusion of Tracing• Sample reception role and process• Specified roles for Administration• IRS and the Knowledge Base:

– Maps, visit documents, etc• Escalation process for decision making

New Principles and Concepts

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During this session we covered:

Session Summary

1. What is Surveillance?2. Exotic Disease Response Roles – Surveillance Group3. What tasks they perform4. Where Surveillance fits in the Exotic Disease

Response process5. New Principles and Concepts