1 exploratory factor analysis

8/9/2019 1 Exploratory Factor Analysis

1/33

AD 601EXPLANATORY

FACTOR ANALYSISTutku Seçkin ÇelikYusuf Öç


2/33

Rese!"# $uesti%n

& '(AT "%)*n+& Ne,s*!int& -./ine

& A!e t#e!e n+ iffe!en"es in "ust%)e! *e!"e*ti%nst%,!s t% )./ine inust!+ n ne,s*!int inust!+ %f'(AT "%)*n+

& 2e ,nt t% use e3*lnt%!+ f"t%! nl+sis t% !eu"e t#ei)ensi%ns %f *e!"e*ti%ns


3/33

2#t is EFA

& An inte!e*enen"e te"#ni4ue

& P!i)!+ *u!*%se is t% efine t#e une!l+in. st!u"tu!e )%n.

t#e 5!iles in t#e nl+sis7

& A t%%l f%! nl+/in. t#e st!u"tu!e %f inte!!elti%ns#i*s8"%!!elti%ns9 )%n. l!.e nu)e! %f 5!iles + efinin.

sets %f 5!iles t#t !e #i.#l+ inte!!elte: kn%,n s f"t%!s7

& Als% use f%! t !eu"ti%n f%! fu!t#e! use7


4/33

'(AT Dt

& 1; tt!iutes %ut *e!"e*ti%ns %f '(AT ,e!e e5el%*et#!%u.# f%"us .!%u*s: *!etest n use in *!e5i%usstuies

& S)*le "%nsiste e3"ellent?


5/33

E5luti%n %f Dt

& N% )issin. t& S%)e %utlie!s: n% 5!ile #s stn! e5iti%n )%!e

t#n


6/33

E5luti%n %f Dt

& Als% )ulti5!ite ete"ti%n %f %utlie!s -#ln%is D<

& 2e e)*l%+ !e.!essi%n t#en ,e "l"ulte t#e / s"%!es f%!

-#ln%is 5lues + usin. "%)*ute 5!ile "%))nn "#%%sin. "f7"#is4:

& If t#e!e is n+ 5!ile #s -#ln%is *!%ilit+ lesst#n 070017 Sin"e t#e!e ,s n%ne: ,e e"ie t#t t#e!eis n% %utlie!s t% elete in %u! tset7


7/33

Assu)*ti%ns& N%!)lit+: #%)%s"esti"it+: n line!it+& N%!)lit+: ne"ess!+ f%! sttisti"s

& T#%se tests ini"te t#t if t#e si.nifi"n"e 5lues %f t#e tt!iutes!e .!ete! t#n 70@: t#e+ !e n%!)ll+ ist!iute7

Tle


8/33


9/33


10/33

Assu)*ti%ns = '%)%.eneit+

& 7 A""%!in. t% Le5ene sttisti"s: %nl+ X1; C%)*etiti5eP!i"in. #s #%)%.en%us 5!in"e

Tle ; Test %f '%)%.eneit+ %f K!in"es

Le5ene Sttisti" f1 f< Si.7X = E=C%))e!"e :@;; 1 1 :66

X = Te"#ni"l Su**%!t :01 1 1 :<

X = C%)*lint Res%luti%n :00< 1 1 :6;

X10 = A5e!tisin. :@ 1 1 :;0

t!311 = t!nsf%!)e *!%u"t line 1:


11/33

Assu)*ti%ns = Line!it+


12/33


13/33

Desi.nin. F"t%! Anl+sis

& C%!!elti%ns )%n. 5!iles %! !es*%nentsR t+*e "%!!elti%n )t!i3$ t+*e f"t%! )t!i3

& K!ile sele"ti%n n )esu!e)ent issues-et!i" 5!iles: if ne"ess!+ u))+ "%e n%n)et!i" %nesRes%nle nu)e! %f 5!iles

& S)*le si/e 100-%!e %se!5ti%ns t#n 5!iles At lest @0 %se!5ti%n

Nu)e! %f %se!5ti%ns *e! 5!ile = @1


14/33

EFA

& An R t+*e EFA ,s e)*l%+e& Ai) is t !eu"ti%n& 2e l%%ke t t#e "%!!elti%n )t!i3 %f 5!iles

& S)*le si/e is


15/33

Assu)*ti%ns in F"t%! Anl+sis

C%n"e*tul issues& C%n"e*tull+ 5li H **!%*!ite *tte!ns& '%)%.en%us s)*le ,it# !es*e"t t% une!l+in. f"t%! st!u"tu!e

Sttisti"l issues& O5e!ll )esu!es %f inte!"%!!elti%n C%!!elti%ns t, 5!iles 07;0 S)ll *!til "%!!elti%ns 8une3*line "%!!elti%n ,#en t#e effe"ts %f

%t#e! 5!iles !e tken int% ""%unt9 Anti=i).e "%!!elti%n )t!i3 8"%!!elti%ns 0709

(!tlett test %f s*#e!i"it+ 8si.nifi"n"e Q 070@9 -esu!e %f s)*lin. e4u"+ 8-SA9 8-SA 5lues 07@09

& K!ile=s*e"ifi" )esu!es %f inte!"%!!elti%n

-SA f%! e"# 5!ile 8-SA 5lues 07@09


16/33

Assu)*ti%ns in F"t%! Anl+sis

& (!tlett test %f s*#e!i"it+ is si.nifi"nt t 700 Q 70@ ini"tin.t#t "%!!elti%n )t!i3 #s si.nifi"nt "%!!elti%ns )%n. tlest s%)e %f t#e 5!iles7

& Als%: -SA 5lue is 76: ,#i"# is )%!e t#n esi!e 7@ini"tin. t#e **!%*!iteness %f f"t%! nl+sis7

Tle B-O n (!tletts Test

Bise!=-e+e!=Olkin -esu!e %f S)*lin. Ae4u"+7 :6

(!tletts Test %f S*#e!i"it+

A**!%37 C#i=S4u!e 1@:@1

f

Si.7 :000


17/33

C%!!elti%n -t!i3

X6 -

Product

Quality

X7 - E-

Commerce

X8 -

Technical

Support

X9 -

Complaint

Resolution

X1 -

!d"ertisin#

tr$%11 -

trans&ormed

product line

X1' -

Sales&orce

(ma#e

X1) -

Competiti"e

Pricin#

X1* -

+arranty

, Claims

X1 -

.e/

Products

X16 -

0rder

,

illin#

X17 -

Price

2le%i3ility

X18 -

4eli"ery

Speed

X6 - Product Quality 1

X7 - E-Commerce =0:0; 1

X8 - Technical Support 0:0 0:01 1

X9 - Complaint

Resolution0:0 :1


18/33

P!til C%!!elti%ns

& P!til "%!!elti%ns s#%ul e s)ll: s %**%se t%"%!!elti%ns7 In nti=i).e "%!!elti%n )t!i3: t#e 5lues%t#e! t#n t#e i.%nl s#%,s us t#e *!til "%!!elti%ns7

& Onl+ X n X1: n X1 n X1 # #i.# *!til"%!!elti%ns ,it# e"# %t#e!7

& -SA less t#n 07@0 -SA 5lues s#%ul e elete %ne +%ne7

& X1 P!i"e Fle3iilit+ e)%nst!te l%,e! ini5iul -SA5lue %f 07 t#t ,e elete t#is 5!ile s it st!i"tl+su..este + 'i! et l7


19/33


20/33

C%!!elti%ns !e5isite

& Afte! eletin. X1: B-O n (!tlettJs Test !esultss#%,e t#t t%tl -SA 5lue !ise t% 0:6@ f!%) 0:6:n (!tlett test .5e us si.nifi"nt !esult: .in7

& T#e ne, "%!!elti%n )t!i3 *!esente 1@ "%!!elti%ns)%!e t#n 07;0 ,#ile t#e nu)e! ,s


21/33

De!i5in. F"t%!s n Assessin. O5e!ll Fit

& Sele"tin. t#e F"t%! E3t!"ti%n -et#%C%))%n f"t%! nl+sis 5s7 C%)*%nent f"t%! nl+sis

T%tl 5!in"e "%))%n 5!in"e s*e"ifi" 5!in"e e!!%! 5!in"e

C%)*%nent nl+sis "%nsie!s t#e t%tl 5!in"e: )%st **!%*!ite,#en& Dt !eu"ti%n is *!i)!+ "%n"e!n 8)ini)u) nu)e! %f f"t%! t% ""%unt

f%! )3i)u) *%!ti%n %f t%tl 5!in"e9

& P!i%! kn%,le.e su..ests t#t s*e"ifi" n e!!%! 5!in"e is s)ll

C%))%n f"t%! nl+sis "%nsie!s %nl+ "%))%n 5!in"e: use ,#en& Dt su))!i/ti%n is t#e *!i)!+ %Me"ti5e& Little kn%,le.e %ut s*e"ifi" n e!!%! 5!in"e


22/33

St.e De!i5in. F"t%!s n Assessin. O5e!ll Fit

& C!ite!i f%! nu)e! %f f"t%!s t% e3t!"t

Ltent !%%t "!ite!i%n 8"%)*%nent9Ei.en5lues 1 if


23/33

De!i5in. F"t%!s n Assessin. O5e!ll Fit& P!in"i*l "%)*%nent f"t%! nl+sis

& F"t%! e3t!"ti%n )et#%: ltent !%%t "!ite!i%n ,#i"# %nl+ e3"e*t f"t%!s ,it# nei.en5lues )%!e t#n 1& T#e el%, tle s#%, t#t t#e fi!st f"t%! ""%unts f%! ;1U: t#e se"%n %ne 1U:

t#e t#i! U16: n t#e f%u!t# 1@U %f t%tl 5!in"e7& A t%tl %f @U %f t%tl 5!in"e ,s e3*line ,it# f%u!=f"t%! s%luti%n

Componen

t

(nitial Ei#en"alues Rotation Sums o& S5uared oadin#s

T%tlU %f

K!in"eCu)ulti5e

U T%tlU %f

K!in"eCu)ulti5e

U1 ;:


24/33

S"!ee Pl%t

If ,e # e)*l%+e s"!ee test "!ite!i%n: t#en ,e ,%ul #5e ")e u* )%!ef"t%!s7 As +%u "n see f!%) t#e fi.u!e: infle"ti%n *%int ,s fte! t#e si3t# f"t%!


25/33

Inte!*!etin. t#e F"t%!s

T#!ee *!%"esses& Esti)te t#e f"t%! )t!i3& F"t%! !%tti%n O!t#%.%nl %! Oli4ue O!t#%.%nl est suite ,#en t#e i) is t !eu"ti%n

& $VARTI-AX

& KARI-AX& E$VI-AX

Oli4ue est suite ,#en t#e i) is t% %tin t#e%!eti"ll+ )enin.fulf"t%!s %! "%nst!u"ts& O(LI-IN

& F"t%! inte!*!etti%n n !es*e"ifi"ti%n F"t%! l%in.s 07;0: *!efe!l+ 07@0 A5%i "!%ss=l%in.sC%))unlit+ 07@0Res*e"if+ t#e f"t%! )%el if neee

Lel t#e f"t%!s


26/33


27/33

R%tti%n

& As +%u "n see un!%tte f"t%! s%luti%n # l%ts %f "!%ss=l%in.s t#t !%tti%n ,s ne"ess!+7

& X11 P!%u"t Line # "!%ss=l%in. %t# in f"t%! 1 n;: n l%in.s ,e!e "l%se! t#n 07107

& T#us: ,e t!ie n%t#e! !%tti%n )et#%s t% !e)e+ t#isin"%nsisten"+: ut %t#e! !%tti%n )et#%s ls% .5e "!%ss=l%in.s f%! X117

& As !esult: ,e e"ie t% eli)inte X117& Als%: X1@ # l%,e! l%in. t#n 070 t#t ,e

eli)inte t#is 5!ile t%%7& Afte! t#e eli)inti%n %f X11 n X1@: t%tl 5!in"e

e3*line + f"t%! s%luti%n in"!ese t% 1U7


28/33

R%tte C%)*%nent -t!i3

Ta3le 1' .e/ Rotated Component atri%

C%)*%nentC%))unlities

1 < ;

X18 - 4eli"ery Speed 0:;<:0

X9 - Complaint Resolution 0:


29/33

F"t%!s

& F"t%! 1 Deli5e!+ S*ee: C%)*lint Res%luti%n: O!e! H(illin. Sales Support:

& F"t%!


30/33

Kliti%n %f F"t%! Anl+sis

& Assess t#e .ene!li/ilit+ %f !esults S*lit s)*le Se*!te s)*le CFA

& Dete"t t#e influentil %se!5ti%ns = %utlie!s


31/33

Kliti%n %f F"t%! Anl+sis

Tle 1; R%tte C%)*%nent -t!i3 %f S*lit S)*le

C%)*%nent

1 < ;

X1 = Deli5e!+ S*ee :


32/33

Aiti%nl Vses %f EFA Results

Dt Reu"ti%n O*ti%ns

& Su!!%.te 5!ile

& Su))te s"les Vnii)ensi%nlit+

Reliilit+Ite)=t%=t%tl "%!!elti%ns 07@0: inte!=ite) "%!!elti%ns 07;0C!%n"# W 07;0

Kliit+ = C%n5e!.ent: is"!i)innt: n%)%l%.i"l

& F"t%! s"%!es: ,e use f"t%! s"%!es t% 5%i iti%nl5liit%ns7


33/33

1 exploratory factor analysis

Documents