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< FEANIFEANI < FEANIFEANI

Content

I. FEANI – Organization and Objectives

II. a) Level of Training of Engineers in Europeb) Regulation of the Engineering Profession

III. Shortage of Engineers

IV. Proposal to improve the Recognition of Qualifications and Mobility

May 2007 – PRO-EASTPhilippe WautersSecretary General of FEANIEuropean Federation of National Engineering AssociationsAv. R. Vandendriessche 18BE-1150 Brusselswww.feani.org

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<I. FEANII. FEANI: Organization and Objectives: Organization and Objectives

The European Professional Engineer Organization <I. FEANI: Organization and ObjectivesI. FEANI: Organization and Objectives

Created September 1951 in Luxembourg by Professional Engineer Organizations from 7 European countries:

Austria, Belgium, Switzerland, Germany, France, Italy, Luxembourg

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Today:

• 1 FEANI Headquarter/Secretariat General in Brussels

linked to

• 1 FEANI National Member in 29 EU countries + Russia (as Provisional Member)

linked to

• FEANI Network of

> 350 National Professional Engineer and Scientific Organisations

representing

> 3.5 million European Professional Engineers

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<I. FEANII. FEANI: Organization and Objectives: Organization and Objectives

The European Professional Engineer Organization <FEANIFEANI: Organization and Objectives: Organization and Objectives

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<I. FEANI: Organization and ObjectivesI. FEANI: Organization and Objectives

General Assembly (GA): each National Member (NM) is represented • The highest decision making body• Decides the general policies• The budget• Elects the Executive Board; ratifies the appointment of the Secretary General

Executive Board: President, Vice-President, Treasurer, and 6 Officers • Nominated by the General Assembly for a 3-year term• Responsible for implementing the policies and decisions approved by the GA

Secretary General: • Implements the policies and decisions as delegated by the Board• In charge of the day-to-day business of the Secretariat General• A permanent function • In charge of EU affairs

FEANI National Members and National Engineering and Scientific Organisations: • In charge of National affairs• Implement at National level the FEANI strategy/policies as decided by the General

Assembly

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<I. FEANII. FEANI: Organization and Objectives : Organization and Objectives

The European Professional Engineer Organization <I. FEANI: Organization and ObjectivesI. FEANI: Organization and Objectives

Purpose:

• Through its National Members, help the Engineers to improve their career development

• To affirm the professional identity of the Engineers of Europe by

ensuring the professional qualifications of Engineers of member countries are acknowledged in Europe and worldwide

asserting status, role, and responsibility of Engineers in society

safeguarding and promoting the professional interests of Engineers

facilitating their free movement within Europe and worldwide

• To strive for a single voice for the engineering profession of Europe, whilst acknowledging its diversity in

developing a working cooperation with other international organizations concerned with engineering matters

representing the Engineers of Europe in international organizations and other decision making bodies

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<I. FEANII. FEANI: Organization and Objectives : Organization and Objectives

The European Professional Engineer Organization <II. a) Level of Training of EngineersII. a) Level of Training of Engineers

in Europein Europe

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Foreword

In the European Union, each EU country is alone responsible for defining the Education/Formation/Academic Title as well as to regulate or not the access to the profession

Education and access to the profession are not community domain of responsibility

The principles of ‘Bologna’ are implemented in each country according to their national interpretation

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U = a year (full-time or equivalent) of approved University Program T = a year (full-time or equivalent) of Training through a programme – in technical fields, for instance in a construction site, factory, laboratory, office … defined, supervised and approved by a University – as part of engineering programmeE = a year (full-time or equivalent) of relevant engineering experience

II. a) Level of Training of Engineers in EuropeII. a) Level of Training of Engineers in Europe0705 PRO-EAST Rome

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II. a) Level of Training of Engineers in EuropeII. a) Level of Training of Engineers in Europe 0705 PRO-EAST Rome

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II. a) Level of Training of Engineers in EuropeII. a) Level of Training of Engineers in Europe 0705 PRO-EAST Rome

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II. a) Level of Training of Engineers in EuropeII. a) Level of Training of Engineers in Europe 0705 PRO-EAST Rome

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<II. a) Level of Training of EngineersII. a) Level of Training of Engineers

in Europein Europe

Akademiingeniør

Bachelor of Arts

Bachelor of Engineering

Bachelor of Science

Civilingeniør

Civilingenjör

Diplom-Ingenieur

Diplom-Ingenieur ETH

Diplom-Ingenieur (FH)

Diplomi-Insinöör

Diplomirani Inženir

Doktor-Ingenieur

Dottore in Ingegneria

Akademiingeniør

Bachelor of Arts

Bachelor of Engineering

Bachelor of Science

Civilingeniør

Civilingenjör

Diplom-Ingenieur

Diplom-Ingenieur ETH

Diplom-Ingenieur (FH)

Diplomi-Insinöör

Diplomirani Inženir

Doktor-Ingenieur

Dottore in Ingegneria

Engenheiro

Europa-Ingenieur

Ingenieur (grad.)

Ingeniør

Inginer

Insinööri

Ingeniero Químico

Ingeniero Superior

Ingeniero Técnico

Ingénieur civil

Ingénieur diplomé

Ingénieur industriel

Ingénieur technicien

Engenheiro

Europa-Ingenieur

Ingenieur (grad.)

Ingeniør

Inginer

Insinööri

Ingeniero Químico

Ingeniero Superior

Ingeniero Técnico

Ingénieur civil

Ingénieur diplomé

Ingénieur industriel

Ingénieur technicien

Inženyr

Inžinier

Inżynier

Magister Inżynier

Master of Arts

Master of Engineering

Master of Science

Okleveles mérnök

Okleveles üzemmérnök

Sivilingeniør

Teknikfræðingur

Teknikumingeniør

Verkfræðingur

Inženyr

Inžinier

Inżynier

Magister Inżynier

Master of Arts

Master of Engineering

Master of Science

Okleveles mérnök

Okleveles üzemmérnök

Sivilingeniør

Teknikfræðingur

Teknikumingeniør

Verkfræðingur

… … makes comparison very difficult … will Bologna facilitate it?

Variety of Academic Titles in Europe for Engineers/Resume

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<II. a) Level of Training of EngineersII. a) Level of Training of Engineers

in Europein Europe

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Historical Background: The Bologna Process

• 16 European Ministers in charge of higher education decided in 1999, in Bologna, to create a European Higher Education Area by the year 2010, aiming at making Europe “the most competitive and dynamic knowledge based economy in the world.

• The follow-up meetings in Prague (2001), Berlin (2003) and Bergen (2005) increased the number of countries adhering to this statement to 44.

• The Bologna Process is not a Community/EU initiative !It is signed by the Ministry of Education of each State who subscribe to Bologna

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<II. a) Level of Training of EngineersII. a) Level of Training of Engineers

in Europein Europe

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The Bologna Process

• promote co-operation in quality assurance with a view to developing comparable criteria and methodologies

• introduce a more readable and comparable system of degrees, including a Diploma Supplement, in order to promote European citizens employability and the international competitiveness of the European higher education system

• promote the necessary European dimensions in higher education

• establish a system of European credits (ECTS, European credit transfer system), providing both transferability and accumulation functions, in order to promote student and staff mobility

The Ministers committed themselves to:

• adopt a educational system based on two cycles, undergraduate and graduate

Note: here also no objective of harmonization of education

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<II. b) Regulation of theII. b) Regulation of theEngineering ProfessionEngineering Profession

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Definition of Regulation/Regulated Profession (Directive on Professional Qualifications)

‘Regulated Profession’:

A professional activity …, access to which, the pursuit of which, or one of the modes of pursuit of which is subject, directly or indirectly, by virtue of legislative, regulatory or administrative provisions to the possession of specific professional qualifications

‘Professional Qualifications’:

Qualifications attested by evidence of formal qualifications and professional experience.

‘Evidence of Formal Qualifications’:

Diplomas, certificates, … issued by an authority in a Member States designated pursuant to legislative, regulatory or administrative provisions of that Member State

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<II. b) Regulation of theII. b) Regulation of theEngineering ProfessionEngineering Profession

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NOT REGULATEDNormally, absolutely no restriction or limitation exist to exercise the profession of Engineer in that country.

In this case, the title of Engineer is not protected by law as a professional title (but it could be protected as an academic one).

REGULATED – Only Protected Professional TitleOnly protected professional title without associated reserved tasks.

However without having the right to bear that title, it is judged difficult to access or pursue and develop an optimal career of Engineer in the country.

PARTIALLY REGULATED – Protected professional title with tasks reserved in a limited number of areasThe profession is regulated only for some specific tasks (design, planning, expertise, inspection, …) within a specific Sector/Discipline (Civil, Energy, Environment, …) and the right to bear the title and execute such activities is strictly reserved to registered holders of specific qualifications, competencies, membership to Chambers, …

TOTALLY REGULATED – Protected professional title with tasks reserved in most of the areasMost of the engineering activities/tasks in all sectors/disciplines of engineering are strictly reserved to the holder of specific certified professional qualifications which evidence must be given by the professional title

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<II. b) Regulation of theII. b) Regulation of theEngineering ProfessionEngineering Profession

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Results of a FEANISurvey 2005

On Regulating theAccess to theProfession

Ref: www.feani.orgPublication: FEANI Special News 10/2005

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<II. b) Regulation of theII. b) Regulation of theEngineering ProfessionEngineering Profession

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Ref: www.feani.orgPublication: FEANI Special News 10/2005

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<II. b) Regulation of theII. b) Regulation of theEngineering ProfessionEngineering Profession

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• Consequences of this complex situation concerning Training

and Regulation:

- serious problem of recognition for Engineers who want to exercise in

another European country and have their ‘competence’ recognized

Example: Germany

The German Education and Research Minister Annette Schavan states:

“However, at present German students or adult learners cannot move

inside Germany to study or work, as each of the 16 individual Länders,

which have extensive powers over education policy, do not recognise

diplomas and qualifications from other Länders.”

- great restrain for the mobility

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<III. Shortage of EngineersIII. Shortage of Engineers0705 PRO-EAST Rome

Evaluation of student interest in Science and Technology Studies

• No reliable data (OECD study) – need for a wide analysis

• In general, absolute number of students in Science and Technology

shows an overall increase but in proportion (all students in HE), a

steadily decrease – worrying: mathematics and physic science

• Situation depends on the country

• See report from the European Engineers’ Forum Hanover on 16

April 2007: FEANI website www.feani.org, section ‘events’

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<III. Shortage of EngineersIII. Shortage of Engineers

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Germany: Shortage is rather dramatic

Minister Schavan:

is much concerned “about the difficulty to motivate young people to start scientific and engineering studies, as well in Germany as in Europe.

considers that, “besides National initiatives, it is necessary that European initiatives be also undertaken. We should therefore take the opportunity of the German Presidency in the EU to initiate a European initiative.”

According to new data from VDI: In 2006 – a lack of 43,000 engineers represents a loss of income of 3,5 billion euro / all industrial sectors

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<III. Shortage of EngineersIII. Shortage of Engineers

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UK

ETB (Engineering and Technology Board) study and recommendation:“Of more concern is the fact that engineering and technology, whilst maintaining a steady level of student numbers, does not appear to have engaged the growth in student numbers as seen in other HE subjects.”“However, encouraging growth in engineering in the last 5 years.”Problem:

- demand is yet to adjust- UK faces still shortage in the future

Recommendation no. 31: “The ETB, Royal Academy of Engineering, … should mount a concerted campaign on encouraging wealth creation by SET… would encourage more young people to get involved in SET careers.”

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<III. Shortage of EngineersIII. Shortage of Engineers0705 PRO-EAST Rome

Denmark • Will miss 13,000 Engineers in the next 7 years (if no improvement

in number of students in SET)• Danish Minister of Education will start a large campaign after

summer 2007 (10 million crowns)Ireland• Demand for engineers 2001-2020: 7% increase/year

(2006: 40,000 2020: 110,000)• Demand Balance 2005:

Demand: 5,910Supply: 4,515Immigrants: 1,090 Balance: -275

• Problem: Steady decrease in application for engineering/ technical programmes since 2000 (2000: 15,055; 2005: 9,109 diploma)

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<III. Shortage of EngineersIII. Shortage of Engineers0705 PRO-EAST Rome

France • Supply and demand break-even (CEFI-CNISF report)

? due to the circle of decline in industrial activity in France (G. de Menil, economist: France’s debt is raising steadily)

a need for more engineers in the coming years

Belgium (french-speaking part) • 70% of all industries have difficulties to hire engineers• Profile does not correspond to the demand• Number of students in engineering not sufficient to cope with the

demand for the coming years• Wallonia needs for the next 10 years twice as much engineers as there

are today

At EU Institution level27 November 2006: “Creation of a Group of Experts to stimulate science education: chaired by MEP Mr. Rocard; will formulate policy recommendations to improve ways how Europe approaches science teaching”

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<III. Shortage of EngineersIII. Shortage of Engineers0705 PRO-EAST Rome

• Which Engineers? … theoretical, practical, long cycle, short cycle

Needs of the industry according to FEANI:

75% type practical (short cycle)

25% type theoretical (long cycle)

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<IV. Proposal to improve the Recognition IV. Proposal to improve the Recognition of Qualifications and Mobilityof Qualifications and Mobility

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FEANI contribution for promoting Mobility and Recognition:

1. The FEANI private EUR-ING title (implemented since 1980), designed as a

guarantee of competence for Professional Engineers

• Establish a framework of mutual recognition of qualifications and facilitate the movement of practicing Engineers within and outside the geographical area represented by FEANI’s member countries

• Provide information about the various formation systems of individual Engineers for the benefit of prospective employers

• Encourage the continuous improvement of the quality of Engineers by setting, monitoring, and reviewing standards

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FEANI’s ‘private’ title EUR ING criteria:

• Formation Framework for all Professional Engineers

• Sufficient flexibility to meet the individual requirements of its different National Members

• 7 years of Formation: Education U between 3 and 5 years Training T

Experience E minimum 2 years

B + 3U + 2U/T/E + 2E

• The FEANI professional formation framework:

0,5T 3 E

2 E

2 T 2 E

3,5 U

5 U

3 U

3 U 4 E

B

< IV. Proposal to improve the Recognition IV. Proposal to improve the Recognition of Qualifications and Mobilityof Qualifications and Mobility

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< IV. Proposal to improve the Recognition IV. Proposal to improve the Recognition of Qualifications and Mobilityof Qualifications and Mobility

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The EUR ING is based on the FEANI INDEX

• Contains for the countries a list of institutions of engineering higher education where FEANI is present and their engineering programmes, which are recognized by FEANI as fulfilling the mandatory requirements for the EUR ING title

• Centrally maintained at the Secretariat General

• Conditions for a programme to be included in the INDEX:a minimum duration of 3 years (180 ECTS), and providing a suitable balance of basic sciences, engineering sciences, and non-technical subjects

• The acceptance process is based on a description of the teaching staff qualifications, in terms of academic degrees and professional experience, and of laboratory facilities used by the programme

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< IV. Proposal to improve the Recognition IV. Proposal to improve the Recognition of Qualifications and Mobilityof Qualifications and Mobility

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The FEANI INDEX (cont)

Until now:

Acceptance process exclusively done by by FEANI experts

Next step:

From a FEANI proprietary system of acceptance to an open European accreditation system EUR-ACE

EUR-ACE accredited course will be accepted in the FEANI INDEX

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< IV. Proposal to improve the Recognition IV. Proposal to improve the Recognition of Qualifications and Mobilityof Qualifications and Mobility

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2. The Professional Card for Engineers (ENGCARD)

• The idea of a European Professional Card for Engineers (conform to the recommendation in the Directive on Professional Qualifications) was submitted to the FEANI General Assembly in 2005 which approved to launch a study

• Became concrete with the project ENGCARD introduced in the framework of the EU ‘Year of Mobility 2006’ - by FEANI together with EUROCADRES

Step 1: Investigate the feasibility and added value for deploying a Professional Card for Engineers and set up a concept

Step 2: Implement the concept of a Professional Card – if results of step 1 are positive

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< IV. Proposal to improve the Recognition IV. Proposal to improve the Recognition of Qualifications and Mobilityof Qualifications and Mobility

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‘Professional Card’ – Benefits for the Cardholder

European validated and crosschecked Professional Engineer Identity card with unambiguous mention of his formal qualifications based on a European qualification framework

Pan-European standardized and structured knowledge about his national and European accredited (based on the EUR ACE Standards and Procedures) qualifications in engineering

Mobility facilitator in EU and worldwide

Universal quality symbol

Be recognized as committed to respect a strict Code of Deontology with possible sanctions

Emulation of a strong European Club Spirit and Networking within the European engineer community

Etc.

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< IV. Proposal to improve the Recognition IV. Proposal to improve the Recognition of Qualifications and Mobilityof Qualifications and Mobility

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‘Professional Card’ – Registration Procedure

• The future cardholder should register, follow an administrative (partially web based) procedure, deliver certified copies of several documents and participate eventually to an assessment organized by the ENGCARD partners

• He will pay a renewable subscription fee and must commit with the deontology code