1 ❖ if you have any food issues (allergies, reactions) don’t do any of this, please. i know of...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: 1 ❖ If you have any food issues (allergies, reactions) don’t do any of this, please. I know of no significant risk, but I get paid less whenever someone](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051618/56649ccc5503460f9499674f/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
1
❖ If you have any food issues (allergies, reactions) don’t do any of this, please. I know of no significant risk, but I get paid less whenever someone dies before the drop date.
❖ Use a friend’s observations
❖ Try some diet DP. Record observations; focus on sweetness
❖ Get a ‘lemon or lime kit’. When your mouth is totally free of other tastes, you may ‘suck a citrus’. Leave one section for later!!
❖ Record observations; await further instruction
Keep an in-class experiential diary today*
*You’ll need it for the homework
![Page 2: 1 ❖ If you have any food issues (allergies, reactions) don’t do any of this, please. I know of no significant risk, but I get paid less whenever someone](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051618/56649ccc5503460f9499674f/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
2
Oh, the weather Oh, the weather outsideoutside
There’s more to protein folding, structure, There’s more to protein folding, structure, activity than just water & amino acid activity than just water & amino acid
sequence.sequence.And it And it mattersmatters..
![Page 3: 1 ❖ If you have any food issues (allergies, reactions) don’t do any of this, please. I know of no significant risk, but I get paid less whenever someone](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051618/56649ccc5503460f9499674f/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
3
Atom parts
❖ What’s this?
❖ What happens when its electron gets ‘shared’ away?
Freeman, Biological Science, Fig. 2-1
![Page 4: 1 ❖ If you have any food issues (allergies, reactions) don’t do any of this, please. I know of no significant risk, but I get paid less whenever someone](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051618/56649ccc5503460f9499674f/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
4
What happens when you...
❖ go outside and it’s raining?
❖ visit friends with a pet and not much cleaning up?
An experimental demonstration of consequence of pHStep I: squeeze a lemon quarter into your mouth.
Mmmmm Mmmmm good!
![Page 5: 1 ❖ If you have any food issues (allergies, reactions) don’t do any of this, please. I know of no significant risk, but I get paid less whenever someone](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051618/56649ccc5503460f9499674f/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
5
A word on nomenclature❖ Hydrogen concentrations can vary a lot--like,
1,000,000,000,000-fold
❖ Inconvenient! We speak of ‘puissance d’hydrogene’ (‘power of hydrogen’, according to your text) or pH
❖ look to pure water (hydrogen ion concentration 10-7 molar), extract the exponent (10-7), positivize it & declare ‘pH 7’
❖ Thus: pH = negative (logarithm of concentration H+ )
❖ i.e. pH = -log[H+]
![Page 6: 1 ❖ If you have any food issues (allergies, reactions) don’t do any of this, please. I know of no significant risk, but I get paid less whenever someone](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051618/56649ccc5503460f9499674f/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
7Watching H+
(from tiny to tons)
Fig 2.16
10x
100x
1,000x
10,000x
100,000x
1,000,000x
1/10
1/100
1/1,000
1/10,000
Relative
More free H+
Rarer free H+
Clarity:An acid gives up its pH to become
negatively charged, but the solution it’s in
gains an H+
!
![Page 7: 1 ❖ If you have any food issues (allergies, reactions) don’t do any of this, please. I know of no significant risk, but I get paid less whenever someone](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051618/56649ccc5503460f9499674f/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
8Amino acid balances of power
Fig 2.16
Histidine sidechain 50% positive
Glutamic acid sidechain 50% neutral
Lysine sidechain 50% neutral
Alert:This is a poorly thought out color
scheme. Protons are more common at the
bottom(alas, shown as red)
![Page 8: 1 ❖ If you have any food issues (allergies, reactions) don’t do any of this, please. I know of no significant risk, but I get paid less whenever someone](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051618/56649ccc5503460f9499674f/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
9Picking on Histidine
❖ Fill in: while carbon makes __A__ [#] bonds b/c it has __B__ [#] outer shell electrons, nitrogen makes __C__ [#], oxygen _D_ [#]
❖ What are the 2 non-bonding electrons of nitrogen doing? the 2 PAIR of non-bonding electrons in oxygen?
❖ How do those pairs ‘feel’?
http://forums.studentdoctor.net/showthread.php?t=770938
![Page 9: 1 ❖ If you have any food issues (allergies, reactions) don’t do any of this, please. I know of no significant risk, but I get paid less whenever someone](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051618/56649ccc5503460f9499674f/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
10Sidechain ‘behavior’
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0f/Amino_acids.png
Note: the image is linked from the homepage ‘sources’ menu as ‘aa sidechains’
pKa: the concentration of protons (pH) at which 50% of the group in question has an H+
on board
at pH 7, proton mostly gone.
negative chargeat pH 6, 1/2 neutral, 1/2 positive: in the
balance!at pH 7, proton mostly
loaded.positive charge
![Page 10: 1 ❖ If you have any food issues (allergies, reactions) don’t do any of this, please. I know of no significant risk, but I get paid less whenever someone](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051618/56649ccc5503460f9499674f/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
11
But who cares? Does But who cares? Does pH pH mattermatter??
Argument I: Ever heard of ‘the flu’ ?Argument I: Ever heard of ‘the flu’ ?
Argument II: What happened to your lemon?Argument II: What happened to your lemon?
![Page 11: 1 ❖ If you have any food issues (allergies, reactions) don’t do any of this, please. I know of no significant risk, but I get paid less whenever someone](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051618/56649ccc5503460f9499674f/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
12First, though...
ONCE the lemon sourness gone, suck on your pill.Do not chew; goal is to coat tongue thoroughly
![Page 12: 1 ❖ If you have any food issues (allergies, reactions) don’t do any of this, please. I know of no significant risk, but I get paid less whenever someone](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051618/56649ccc5503460f9499674f/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
13Background
In the United States, seasonal influenza epidemics typically claim the lives of about 30,000 people each year and cause hospitalization of more than 100,000 (Reid & Tautenberger, 2003). Every two or three years, more virulent strains circulate, increasing death tolls by approximately 10,000 to 15,000 individuals*. These seasonal epidemics are the result of antigenic drift, a phenomenon caused by mutations in two key viral genes due to an error-prone RNA polymerase.***
***Being small, it can get away with a ‘lesser’ nucleic acid (RNA) as its genome
note that inevitable errors actually provide periodic advantage
Clancy, S. (2008) Genetics of the influenza virus. Nature Education 1(1)
*The one in 1918 killed 50-100 million worldwide
![Page 13: 1 ❖ If you have any food issues (allergies, reactions) don’t do any of this, please. I know of no significant risk, but I get paid less whenever someone](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051618/56649ccc5503460f9499674f/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
14
http://cbm.msoe.edu/
❖ Virus stick to cell surface protein
❖ Cell engulfs; creating vesicle (‘endosome’; first step in eating)
❖ Cell seeks to destroy by pumping in protons (cell thinks “I will destroy & eat!”)
❖ Virus fuses its membrane with vesicle, releasing genome (RNA) into cytoplasm!!!
❖ You sneeze for a week… or (occasionally) die
Outside cell
![Page 14: 1 ❖ If you have any food issues (allergies, reactions) don’t do any of this, please. I know of no significant risk, but I get paid less whenever someone](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051618/56649ccc5503460f9499674f/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
15A molecular saboteur
http://www.rpc.msoe.edu/cbm/resources/HAAnimation.swf
![Page 15: 1 ❖ If you have any food issues (allergies, reactions) don’t do any of this, please. I know of no significant risk, but I get paid less whenever someone](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051618/56649ccc5503460f9499674f/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
16Harpoon!
http://www.rpc.msoe.edu/cbm/currentprograms/curIHP.php
pH 7 pH 5
http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/education_discussion/molecule_of_the_month/download/Hemagglutinin.pdf
![Page 16: 1 ❖ If you have any food issues (allergies, reactions) don’t do any of this, please. I know of no significant risk, but I get paid less whenever someone](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051618/56649ccc5503460f9499674f/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
17Where, what, when
http://www.mcb.uct.ac.za//cann/335/335Rep2.jpg
![Page 17: 1 ❖ If you have any food issues (allergies, reactions) don’t do any of this, please. I know of no significant risk, but I get paid less whenever someone](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051618/56649ccc5503460f9499674f/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
18So what?
❖ These are ways to influence a protein from without
❖ ...and ways for a cell to respond to environment
![Page 18: 1 ❖ If you have any food issues (allergies, reactions) don’t do any of this, please. I know of no significant risk, but I get paid less whenever someone](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051618/56649ccc5503460f9499674f/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
19The rest of the demo
When the pill is all gone
--FIRST, have another swig of that delicious Diet DP!
--NEXT try your other lemon slice
What’s the difference? What has changed? What can you infer
Assertion: pH + one or more histidines + stuff you can think your way through
![Page 19: 1 ❖ If you have any food issues (allergies, reactions) don’t do any of this, please. I know of no significant risk, but I get paid less whenever someone](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051618/56649ccc5503460f9499674f/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
20
You might also enjoyYou might also enjoypHpH
http://www.sumanasinc.com/webcontent/animations/content/influenza.http://www.sumanasinc.com/webcontent/animations/content/influenza.htmlhtml
http://www.callutheran.edu/BioDev/omm/jmol/ha/ha.htmlhttp://www.callutheran.edu/BioDev/omm/jmol/ha/ha.html