1

Indo WordNet A WordNet for Hindi

Centre for Technology Development for Indian Languages

Computer Science and Engineering Department, IIT Bombay

2

Introduction

WordNet – A lexical databaseSearching the dictionary conceptuallyDifferent organizing principles for different syntactic categoriesSynsets or the Synonymy Sets are the basic building blocksLexical knowledge base is the heart of any intelligent information processing system

3

Semantic relations in WordNet

Synonymy

Hypernymy / Hyponymy

Antonymy

Meronymy / Holonymy

Gradation

Entailment

Troponymy

4

Synonymy

Synonymy True synonyms are rare Synonymy related to a context

{Gar ‚ kmara}{Gar ‚ Aavaasa}{Gar ‚ janmakuMDlaIya sqaana}

{Gar ‚ svadoSa}

5

How to create a synset

Word is chosen from a dictionary

The particular concept is made explicit

Other synonyms according to that concept are taken

Definition,example & ontology are given

Parts of speech are given

6

Principles adopted in creating synsets

Minimaility the minimal set of words to make the concept unique

Coveragethe maximal set of words- ordered by frequency in the

corpus- to include all possible words standing for the sense

Replaceability the example sentence should be such that the most frequent

words in the synset can replace one another in the sentence

without altering the sense

7

Example of a Synset in Wordnet

Example of a nominal concept

SaorSaor, baaGa, vyaaGa`, naahr : iballaI kI jaait ka ek bahut

baD,a AaOr BayaMkr, p``isaw ihMsak pSau “ iSakarI ko AcaUk inaSaanao nao Saor kao Gaayala kr idyaa ”

Saor, Saorao-SaayarI : ga,ja,la ko dao carNa “ ]sanao Saor saunaakr sabakI vaahvaahI laUTI ”

Saor, vaIrpuÉYa,, bahadur, narvaIr, narvyaaGa``, SaUr, SaUrvaIr, saUrmaa, vaIr: vah vaIrpuÉYa, jaao balavaana hao yaa saahsapUNa- yaa vaIrtapUNa- kaya- krta hao “ iSavaajaI kao maharaYT/ ka Saor kha jaata hO ”

8

Semantic Relations

Hypernymy and Hyponymy Relation between word meaning (synsets) X is a hyponym of Y if X is a kind of Y Hyponymy is transitive and asymmetrical Hypernymy is inverse of Hyponymy

lionanimalliving entityentity

Saor pSau sajaIva Aist%va

9

Semantic Relations (Contd…)

Antonymy Oppositeness in meaning Relation between word forms

Meronymy and Holonymy Part-whole relation, branch is a part of tree X is a meronymy of Y if X is a part of Y Meronym is transitive and asymmetrical Holonymy is inverse relation of Meronymy

10

Troponym and Entailment

Entailment { Kra-Ta laonaa – saaonaa £

Troponym { laÐgaD,anaa ‚ kdmatala krnaa –

calanaa £ ¡ fusafusaanaa – baaolanaa £

 

11

Cross Parts of Speech Linkage

linkages between Nominal and Verbal conceptsAbility Link

specifies the inherited features of a nominal concept

Capability Link

specifies the acquired features of a nominal concept

Function Link

specifies the function of a nominal concept

12

Cross Parts of Speech Linkage (Contd…)

jaMtuAbility Link

calanaa tOrnaa

maClaI Capability Link

vyai@t tOrnaabaaolanaa

taota

Function Link

calanaa

vaahna

isalanaa

isalaaš maSaIna

13

Cross Parts of Speech Linkage (Contd…)

linkage between nominal and adjective

conceptAttribute Link

denotes the properties of a noun

baaGa maaMsaaharI

inayattapIstnapayaI jaMtuNoun

Noun

Adjective

Adjective

Attribute

Attribute

14

Cross Parts of Speech Linkage (Contd…)

Derived from specifies the root form from which a particular word is

derived this relation can go from noun to adjective or vice versa,

noun to verb and adjective to verb aims to handle derivational morphology

Aaturta AaturAiBamaMi~t AiBamaM~Nabaityaanaa baat

gamaa-naa gama-

Derived from

Derived from

Derived from

Derived from

Noun

Noun

Noun

Verb

Verb

Adjective

Adjective

Adjective

15

Gloss

AQyayana kxa

Hyponymy

Hyponymy

Aavaasa , inavaasa

Sayana kxa

rsaao[-Gar

Gar , gaRh manauYyaaoM ka

Cayaa huAa vah sqaana jaao dIvaaraoM sao Gaor kr banaayaa jaata hO

Aitiqa gaRh

baramada

Aa^Mgana

AaEama

JaaopD,I

saMrcanaa

Meronymy

Hyponymy

Meronymy

Hypernymy

WordNet Sub-Graph