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Information, Communication and Space Technologies for more disaster resilient societies in

Asia-PacificDr. Xuan ZengpeiDr. Xuan Zengpei

Director, Information and Communications Director, Information and Communications Technology and Disaster Risk Reduction Technology and Disaster Risk Reduction

Division, Division, United Nations Economic and Social Commission United Nations Economic and Social Commission

for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP)for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP)

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Asia-Pacific: world’s most disaster prone region

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Socio-economic impacts of disasters Macroeconomic effects Impact on livelihoods and poverty Impact on health and education Psychosocial impacts Gender impacts Socio-economic vulnerability to disasters

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Rising economic costs of disaster 2011 was the costliest year ever in terms of disaster’s impact:

US$ 366 billion worldwide vs. US 222$ bn in 2010 Top 3 disasters occurred in Asia/Pacific:

• Great East Japan earthquake and Tsunami: US$ 210 bn

• Floods in Thailand: US 46 $ bn of which 70% is manufacturing sector, earthquake in NZ: US$ 16bn

Sometimes economic losses more drastic in relative terms• Pakistan floods in 2010: losses: 8.3% of GDP,

Maldives Tsunami 2004: 53.6% (!)

Regional economic spillover effects of disasters following closer integration of regional production chains • E.g.: disaster in Japan impacted Philippines automotive production by -24%

in the three months following Tsunami

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ESCAP is the regional development arm of the United Nations for the Asia-Pacific region

62 Governments - from Turkey in the west to Kiribati in the east, and from the Russian Federation in the north to New Zealand in the south

The largest United Nations body serving the Asia-Pacific region with over 600 staff

ESCAP has more than five decades of experience integrating disaster risk management with economic and social development in the region

ESCAP has Eight subsidiary Committees, with two on ESCAP has Eight subsidiary Committees, with two on Information and Communications Technology, and Disaster Information and Communications Technology, and Disaster Risk Reduction: they belong to Information and Risk Reduction: they belong to Information and Communications Technology & Disaster Risk Reduction Communications Technology & Disaster Risk Reduction Division (IDD)/ESCAP serves these two committees.Division (IDD)/ESCAP serves these two committees.

Information and Communications Technology and Information and Communications Technology and Disaster Risk Reduction Division (IDD)Disaster Risk Reduction Division (IDD)

Goal: To promote applications of information and communications technology and to enhance regional cooperation for improved disaster risk reduction and management,

as well as for improved management of the associated socio-economic risks, for inclusive and sustainable development in Asia and the Pacific

3 Sections3 Sections: ICT and Development, Space Applications, Disaster Risk Reduction; : ICT and Development, Space Applications, Disaster Risk Reduction; and and a regional institutiona regional institution: APCICT; Two affiliations: ESCAP/WMO Typhoon : APCICT; Two affiliations: ESCAP/WMO Typhoon Committee and WMO/ESCAP Panel on Tropical Cyclone. Committee and WMO/ESCAP Panel on Tropical Cyclone.

Space Applications Section: Strengthened regional cooperation mechanisms in space applications for disaster risk reduction and development (through affordable access and effective use of Space products & services).

ESCAP recognizes enabling role of space tech within the development context–initiated regional remote sensing programme (RRSP) in cooperation with UNDP, in 1983.

Launch of RESAP (Space Tech Applications Section established in 1994: instituted 3 tired structure): – Intergovernmental Consultative Committee; Regional Working Groups on various themes; and Education and Training Networks: short-med-long term training (China, India and Indonesia)0

Launch of RESAP (Space Tech Applications Section established in 1994: instituted 3 tired structure): – Intergovernmental Consultative Committee; Regional Working Groups on various themes; and Education and Training Networks: short-med-long term training (China, India and Indonesia)0

Capacity building efforts – floods and drought disasters; Pacific Connectivity and Emergency Communications; RESAP networks

Capacity building efforts – floods and drought disasters; Pacific Connectivity and Emergency Communications; RESAP networks

1st MINCONF1st MINCONF

2nd MINCONF2nd MINCONF

1. Regional Cooperation Mechanism for Drought Monitoring & EW (sharing EO products and services ), flood ; 2. Regional Platform SatCom based disaster emergency communications; 3. Capacity building thru RESAP Networks for disaster management 4. Pacific Connectivity 5. Capacity building on Georeference /geospatial database for countries with special needs.

1. Regional Cooperation Mechanism for Drought Monitoring & EW (sharing EO products and services ), flood ; 2. Regional Platform SatCom based disaster emergency communications; 3. Capacity building thru RESAP Networks for disaster management 4. Pacific Connectivity 5. Capacity building on Georeference /geospatial database for countries with special needs.

1994 1999 2009

Awareness Building

… + Capacity Building + Applications

Regional Space Applications Programme for Sustainable Development in Asia and the Pacific (RESAP)

Beijing-1994

New Delhi,1999

ESCAP Regional Space Applications ESCAP Regional Space Applications Programme (RESAP) – Since 1994Programme (RESAP) – Since 1994

1010

ESCAP Regional Space Applications ESCAP Regional Space Applications Programme (RESAP) – Since 1994Programme (RESAP) – Since 1994

Institutional Mechanism – Intergovernmental Consultative Committee (ICC) – Members Space and User Agencies – addressing development and DRM issues – annually meets to review progress and formulate work program (annually)

Promoting Regional Cooperation Mechanisms –

• RESAP Education and Training Networks for capacity building (China (Wuhan Univ.), India (CSSTEAP) and Indonesia (LAPAN)) : to assist regional countries’ affordable access and effective use of Space applications for Development and DRM

• Enhancing Regional Cooperative Mechanisms for DRM - drought mechanism, platform for emergency communications,

• Others: Georeferenced/geospatial database for disaster risk preparedness, Pacific Connectivity

RESAP: Initiatives for sharing EO informationRESAP: Initiatives for sharing EO information Regional cooperation initiatives

Sentinel-Asia with resources of India, Japan, Republic of Korea, Thailand

Using both earth observation and communications satellites• Asia Pacific Satellite Cooperation Organization (APSCO) with 9

founding members

Other global initiatives• UN Platform for Space-based Information for Disaster Management

and Emergency Response (SPIDER) • International Charter Space and Major Disasters• UNOSAT /UNITAR

China, India and Thailand to support drought disaster management

Collaborative building of regional disaster Collaborative building of regional disaster communication capacities communication capacities

ESCAP, through the regional Inter-Agency Working Group on ESCAP, through the regional Inter-Agency Working Group on Information and Communication Technology (ICT) which has Information and Communication Technology (ICT) which has more than 20 members representing United Nations entities more than 20 members representing United Nations entities and international organizations, facilitated at its 14th meeting, and international organizations, facilitated at its 14th meeting, held on 11 August 2010, to make joint efforts to promote an held on 11 August 2010, to make joint efforts to promote an Asia-Pacific regional platform for disaster communications Asia-Pacific regional platform for disaster communications capacities, with collaborative emergency communications capacities, with collaborative emergency communications capacity as its core component.capacity as its core component.

Follow up to 14Follow up to 14thth IWG Decision IWG Decision

The ITU Asia-Pacific Regional Multi-Stakeholder Forum The ITU Asia-Pacific Regional Multi-Stakeholder Forum on Emergency Telecommunications held in Ulan Bator, on Emergency Telecommunications held in Ulan Bator, Mongolia from 8 to 10 July 2011 (in cooperation with Mongolia from 8 to 10 July 2011 (in cooperation with ESCAP) recommended that for an effective regional ESCAP) recommended that for an effective regional cooperationcooperation

(i) through expansion of partnerships on regional cooperation (i) through expansion of partnerships on regional cooperation mechanisms such as the mechanisms such as the ITU Framework on Cooperation Mechanism ITU Framework on Cooperation Mechanism (IFCE), Inter-agency Working Group for building regional capacity for (IFCE), Inter-agency Working Group for building regional capacity for emergency communications using Public-Private-Partnership (PPP) emergency communications using Public-Private-Partnership (PPP) modelmodel, among others; , among others;

(ii) on provision of platforms for discussions and knowledge sharing; (ii) on provision of platforms for discussions and knowledge sharing;

(iii) on commitments and/or obligations through international treaties/ (iii) on commitments and/or obligations through international treaties/ cooperative frameworks such as the cooperative frameworks such as the Tampere ConventionTampere Convention..

Integrating Pacific to the RESAP through linkage Integrating Pacific to the RESAP through linkage to Asia Space Network as part of ICT for to Asia Space Network as part of ICT for

Pacific ConnectivityPacific Connectivity

To promote capacity development for enhanced Pacific Connectivity, ESCAP and ITU To promote capacity development for enhanced Pacific Connectivity, ESCAP and ITU jointly have put in place a plan to assist 19 Pacific Island Countries and Territories jointly have put in place a plan to assist 19 Pacific Island Countries and Territories (PICTs) for comprehensive capacity development. (PICTs) for comprehensive capacity development.

The framework of Asia Space Network under ESCAP’s legacy of Regional Space The framework of Asia Space Network under ESCAP’s legacy of Regional Space Applications (RESAP) wherein space agencies of China, India, Japan, Republic of Korea, Applications (RESAP) wherein space agencies of China, India, Japan, Republic of Korea, Russian Federation and Thailand Russian Federation and Thailand form a network for cooperation form a network for cooperation to share their space to share their space resources for development and disaster reduction is planned to be harnessed. resources for development and disaster reduction is planned to be harnessed.

As a part of ICT for Pacific Connectivity, ESCAP has strategically put in place a concrete As a part of ICT for Pacific Connectivity, ESCAP has strategically put in place a concrete plan to link up PICTs with Asia Space Network in different phases.plan to link up PICTs with Asia Space Network in different phases.

1515

The project aims to strengthen government capacity in the implementation of the Hyogo Framework for Action (HFA) through the use of standardized geo-reference/geospatial tools.

This project is expected to have two major accomplishments:

• that governments will be able to establish and use geo-referenced information systems for disaster risk identification, preparedness, post-disaster assessment and recovery planning; and

• that a regional-level network is established which will link communities of practice for Geographic Information Systems (GIS), statistics and Information and Communications Technology (ICT) applications.

Improving disaster risk preparedness in the ESCAP region: geospatial information

ESCAP – Key DeliverablesESCAP – Key Deliverables

Evidence based Analytical Study - Mainstreaming Disaster Risk Reduction, Strategic Investments- Climate Change Adaptation through DRR- Strategically using innovative technologies – ICTs, Space

Information/knowledge Sharing-Repository of best practices from region-- Focus on mainstreaming disaster risk reduction-- Policies, Standard Operating Procedures etc..

Capacity development and governance - AVA Module 9 & 10 disaster risk management and Climate change abatement

ESCAP Regional Capacity Development Strategy for Disaster Resilience

ASEAN-UN Agreement- Envt & Disaster Management

ESCAP/WMO Typhoon Committee

WMO/ESCAP Panel on Tropical Cyclone

Committees onDisaster Risk Reduction & ICT

A Multi-pronged Approach

ESCAP: Regional Coordination RoleESCAP: Regional Coordination Role

Regional coherence, synergy and maximum combined impact from

the efforts of UN agencies

ESCAP - the secretariat of the Asia-Pacific RCM

Post Cyclone ‘Nargis’ Response - •Tripartite Partnership UN – ASEAN and Govt of Myanmar •Expedited the flow of aid in desperate need and to begin quickly reconstruction•Part of Post Nargis Joint Assessment •Facilitation of Recovery/Rebuilding

3rd ASEAN-UN Summit, Oct 2010, Ha Noi

ASEAN-United Nations Strategic Plan of Cooperation on Disaster Management (2011-2015) will address:

•Operational issues and capacity-building issues prioritised in the AADMER

•Risk and vulnerability assessment and risk reduction; preparedness, early warning and monitoring; prevention and mitigation; response and recovery; and aspects of reconstruction and development

•Collaboration between ASEAN and the United Nations following Cyclone Nargis in Myanmar..0

ASEAN and the UN-RCM…

Risk knowledge

Systematically collect data and undertake risk assessments

Monitoring and warning service

Develop hazard monitoring and early warning services

Dissemination and communication

Communicate risk information and early warnings

Response capability

Build national and community response capabilities

ESCAP Trust Fund for Tsunami, Disaster and Climate Preparedness

Regional Architecture for Multi-hazard Early Warning

Regional Multi-hazards Early-Warning System (RIMES)

Regional watch

services

National capacity building

Community resilience

Earthquakes

And Tsunami

heavy precipitation

flooding

drought

flashfloods

landslide

dry spell

storm surge

Establishment of Regional

core observation networks

Provision of Regional

tsunami watch

R&D for hydro- met

disaster risk information

Enhancing capacities to

respond to early warning

information at national /localRIMES AgreementsSigned by countriesIncluding Philippines

ESCAP/WMO Typhoon Committee and Panel of Tropical CycloneESCAP/WMO Typhoon Committee and Panel of Tropical Cycloneare the regional bodies of the WMO tropical cyclone programme in Asia and the Pacificare the regional bodies of the WMO tropical cyclone programme in Asia and the Pacific

ESCAP: Building the Capacity for Cyclone/Typhoon Early Warning

Source: WMO

OOSA

Key Partners

DESA

International Space Charter

ADRC

Harnessing Space for Disaster Risk Management

Need for Capacity Development based on a Holistic Approach involving Global, Regional, National and Local Actors

/Agencies

Regional National Local

Networking for knowledge & Capacity building

Preparedness Response & Action

1st Session of Committee on Disaster Risk Reduction, March 2009