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Introduction and classification

Dr. Waseem Bahjat Mushtaha

Specialized in prosthodontics 

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Partially Edentulous patient

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Terminology

Prosthetics: 

 The art and science of replacing absent body

 parts

Prosthesis: 

An artificial replacement for a missing body

 part.

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 Prosthodontics or dental prosthetics: 

The branch of dental art and science that pertains to the replacement of missing teethand oral tissues to restore and maintain oralform. function, appearance and health.

Removable Prosthodontics is devoted to replacement of missing teeth andcontagious tissues with prosthesis designed

to be removed by the wearer .It includestwo disciplines; removable complete andremovable partial Prosthodontics.

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Removable partial denture:

Any prosthesis that replaces some teeth in a partially edentulous patient and can be

removed from the mouth by the wearer.

 

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PURPOSE OF REMOVABLE

PARTIAL DENTURE Preservation of the remaining teeth and tissues: - I 

The primary purpose of removable partial dentures

must always be the preservation of the remainingteeth and soft tissues. The provision of partialdentures will prevent or at least minimize thefollowing retrograde pathologies in the oralstructures:

A- Drifting and rotation of remaining teeth.

B-Continuous eruption of unopposed teeth.

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C-Overclosure and protrusion of the

mandible.

D- Trauma to the oral mucosa: Common

situation is excessively deep anterior

overbite and impingement of the lower teeth

into the palatal mucosa.E-Facial or temporomandibular joint pain,

may result from occlusal derangement

occurred due to drifting and super-eruptionof the remaining teeth and overclosure and

mandibular protrusion.

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 To improve masticatory function: - 2 

Replacing the lost teeth in an arch will greatly improve the act

of chewing, by eliminating space into which food escapefrom the occlusal table and also it contributes directly inmastication.

:Improve aesthetics- 3 

 Restoration of lost facial contour, vertical dimension of the

face and absent teeth will improve the patient appearance.Restoration of speech:- 4 

The artificial teeth should be placed in the position previouslyoccupied by the natural teeth to correct the speech defects.

Psychological benefits:- 5 The provision of an acceptable partial denture will enhancecomfort of the patient

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CLASSIFICATION OF

PARTIALLY EDENTULOUSARCHES 

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Classification according to support

The partial dentures are classified according to thevertical support into

I-Tooth borne; derives its support totally from theabutment teeth throughout rests.

2- Mucosa borne; supported totally by the edentulousridge.

 3- Tooth-mucosa support; supported by bothabutment teeth and the edentulous ridge as in freeend saddle (distal extension base).

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Kennedy classification

Kennedy's classification contains the following four classes, with certainmodifications:

Class I 

Bilateral edentulous areas located posterior to the remairing natural teeth.

Class IIUnilateral edentulous area located posterior to the remaining natural teeth.

Class III 

Unilateral edentulous area with natural teeth both anterior and posterior toit.

Class IV  Single bilateral edentulous area located anterior to the remaining naturalteeth 

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Class I

 Bilateral edentulous areas located posterior to the

remaining natural teeth

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Class II

 Unilateral edentulous area located posterior to the

remaining natural teeth

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Class III

 Unilateral edentulous area with natural teeth both

anterior and posterior to it.

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Class IV

 Single bilateral edentulous area located anterior to

the remaining natural teeth 

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Applegate's rules

Applegate provided the following eight rules to govern theapplication of the Kennedy system :

.1 Rule

Classification should follow rather than precede extractionthat might alter the original classification.

2Rule

If the third molar is missing and not to be replaced it is notconsidered in the classification.

3RuleIf a third molar is present and is to be used as an abutment, itis considered in the classification.

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: 4 Rule

If a second molar is missing and is not to be replaced (that is, the opposingsecond molar is also missing and is not to be replaced), it is notconsidered in the classification.

:5 Rule

The most posterior edentulous area or areas always determine theclassification.

: 6 Rule

Edentulous areas other than those determining the classification are

referred to as modification spaces and are designated by their number.: 7 Rule

The extent of the modification is not considered only the number ofadditional edentulous areas.

: 8 Rule 

There can be no modification areas in class IV arches. Any edentulousarea lying posterior to the single bilateral area determines theclassification.

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