1. introduction to control systems se302 topic 1 - introduction to linear systems
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8/3/2019 1. Introduction to Control Systems SE302 Topic 1 - Introduction to Linear Systems
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Introduction
Dr. Fouad M. AL-Sunni
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Role
are concerned with understanding and
environment (Systems) to provide useful
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Activities
Modeling
es gn ng
Testing Implementation
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Some historical examples’ -
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Some historical examples
-
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Automation im act
PRODUCTIVITYand to obtain high-quality products
ater a an ng
Condition Based Monitoring maintenance)
Safety and Security Transportation Etc…
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Foundation/knowled e Feedback theor
Linear system analysis
Knowledge
Network theory Communication theory
Reliability and maintenance theory
a e y eory
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Definition
components forming a system
system response.
Analysis in general involves: Linear system Theory : Assumes Cause-
effect relationship for the components of as stem.
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Control S stem Definition
A control system consists of subsystems and processes (plants)
assembled for the purpose of controlling the outputs of the
.
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Res onse Characteristics
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Advanta es of Control S stemsWe build control systems for four primary reasons:
• Power amplification (gain)
ex: Positioning a large radar antenna by low-power
rotation of a knob.
ex: Opening and closing valves
ex: Robot arm used to pick up radioactive material.
ex: Unmanned Aerial Vehicules.
ex: Remote Terminal Unit in oil production
• Convenience of input form
ex: Changing room temperature by thermostat position.
ex: Quality Control using limit switch
•
ex: Controlling antenna position in the presence of
large wind disturbance torque.
ex: Control Inventory under variable demand
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O en-Close-Multivariable
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Usual Re resentation
represented by a block
ProcessInput Output
Cause Effect
SISO: Sin le in ut Sin le out ut
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Usual Re resentation
Desired Outputc ua or rocess
Output response
SIMO: Single input multiSIMO: Single input multi--outputoutput
MISO:MISO:
MIMO:MIMO:
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O en-Loo Control S stem
-
actuating device to control the process.
Actuator ProcessDesiredOutput response
Output
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O en loo s stem
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Close-Loo Feedback Control
-
measurement of the output and feedback
desired output (reference or command)
Comparison Actuator ProcessDesiredOutput
Output
Measurement
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Advanta es/Disadvanta esO en-Loo S stems Closed-Loop Systems
Simple Inexpensive
Complex & expensive Less sensitive to noise,
Cannot correct fordisturbances or plant
disturbances, plant
variations. e er con ro o rans en
steady-state response
Better accurac
Self-sustained oscillationspossible
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An Example:
,
520 million tons of coal, ,
mine 774 million tons.
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Examples:
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Examples:
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Examples:
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The desi n rocess
Design is the process of inventing theforms arts and details of a s stem toachieve a specific goal
Terminolo Specifications
alternatives
Trade-off Synthesis
opt m zat on
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The desi n rocess
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A design example
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A design example
-
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Another exam le
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Another example…
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Case Study: Antenna Azimuth Position
A. System Concept
B. Detailed Layout
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Case Study: Antenna Azimuth Position
C. Schematic diagram
D. Functional block diagram
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Case Study: Antenna Azimuth Position
• System normally operates to drive pointing error to zero.• Motor is driven only when there is a pointing error.
.
• Too large a signal amplifier gain could cause overshoot/instability.
balance between transient performance,steady-state performance, and stability.Adjusting gain & adding compensators are
this balance.
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HW # 1
.
P1.1,1.4,1.7,and 1.15