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KING FAHAD UNIVERSITY OF PETROLEUM AND MINERALSCONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING & MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT
CEM 510**********
CONSTRUCTION DELAY COMPUTATION CONSTRUCTION DELAY COMPUTATION METHODMETHOD
BY Jonathan Jingsheng Shi, Member , ASCE, S.O. Cheung and David Arditi, Member, ASCE
REF: JOURNAL OF CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT – JAN/FEB,2001 VOL. 127 NO.1
FEB28,2006
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OBJECTIVE:OBJECTIVE:
This paper presents a method for computing activity delays and assessing their contribution to project delay. The method consists of a set of equations, which can be easily coded into a computer program that allows speedy access to project delay information and activity contributions.
BACKGROUND:BACKGROUND: Most problem in construction is delay Construction contract = contract duration ( specified period of time) =
contractor must comply to achieve substantial completion within this time For unexpected reasons contractor fails to complete the project within the
contract period Owner will claim liquidated damages and obtain contractual release extension
of time Delay analysis based on responsibilities : delay excusable (compensable &
noncompensable ) and inexcusable Project delay result from computing activity delay Delay computation related to as-planned schedule contrasts as-built schedule Traditional delay analysis method based always on CPM analysis on other words
any delay on critical path delay the project completion This method is not based on CPM and no need for updating CPM Criticality of individual activities change from day to day due to delays &
accelerations which means if delay happen then extra effort from manager to up date the as-planned schedule with daily as-built information
DELAY OF ACTIVITY
FULLY EFFECT ON PROJECT DELAY
PARTIALLY EFFECT ON PROJECT DELAY
NO EFFECT
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APPROACH APPROACH AS:AS:
1. Examine the occurrence of delay
2. Method for computing activity delays
3. Method for computing the contribution of activity delays to project delay
4. example
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Occurrence of Construction delay
Activity completion delay to reasons:Activity completion delay to reasons:• Delay in the start of the activity
Delay in the precedence activities Delay in the start of the activity itself for
some reason
• Extend the duration of the activity
Activity delay
Delay start
Extended activity duration
No resources
Bad weather
Less resources
Change scope
ChangeSite
condition
Mang. decision
Late design
information
Delaydeliveries
Delay precedence
Project delayed
Project Not
delayedSucceed-
ingdelayed
SucceedingNot
delayed
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Activity VariationActivity Variation VS=actual start time – planned start time …………………....….1
VF=actual finish time – planned finish time…………………....…2
VD=actual duration – planned duration ……........................3
From CPM network following relationshipFrom CPM network following relationship
Actual finish time=actual start time +actual duration …….…..4 Planned finish time=planned start time +planned duration….5
By subtract 4-5 then Eq 2 can be written as:By subtract 4-5 then Eq 2 can be written as:
VF = VS + VD ……………………………………………………….…..…6
VSP= could start time – planned start time ………………….. 7
VSS= actual start time – could start time …………………….. 8
VS = VSP + VSS ……………………………………….…… 9
By applying the 9 into 6 then:By applying the 9 into 6 then:
VF = VSP + VSS + VD ………. 10 Accelerate VA=VSS+VD extra time
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Contribution of Activity Variation to Project delay VP = actual completion time - planned completion time (+ ve 0r – VP = actual completion time - planned completion time (+ ve 0r –
ve )ve )
Two factors:Two factors: PDAC =MEASURING THE PROJECT DELAY DUE TO PDAC =MEASURING THE PROJECT DELAY DUE TO
ACCUMULATED ACTIVITY VARIATIONS CONTRIBUTED BY THIS ACCUMULATED ACTIVITY VARIATIONS CONTRIBUTED BY THIS AND ALL ITS PRECEDING ACTIVITIESAND ALL ITS PRECEDING ACTIVITIES
PDA = PDA = MEASURING THE PROJECT DELAY CONTRIBUTED ONLY BY THIS ACTIVITY
Project delay is realized on the terminal activities ……..mechanism start from terminals and continue backward through intermediate activities
Terminal activities : are the last activities that do not have succeedings Variation in the completion time of the terminals may
contribute to project delay PDAC= actual finish time of the terminals - planned project finish
time PDA = min ( VA , PDAC ) Intermediate activities : those succeeding the terminals
DELAY OF ACTIVITY
FULLY EFFECT ON PROJECT
DELAY
PARTIALLY EFFECT ON
PROJECT DELAY
NO EFFECT
ji
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ConclusionConclusion This paper presents a method for computing activity delays and assessing
their contribution to project delay. The method consists of a set of equations, which can be easily coded into a computer program that allows speedy access to project delay information and activity contributions.
This method applicable to any intermediate construction stage for evaluating in-progress project delay
Traditional delay analysis method based always on CPM analysis require frequent updates of the as-built and as-planned schedules in order to keep track of the critical paths that may change daily. Such updating will require tremendous effort for site management. This method depend on as-planned schedule as basis of comparison for evaluating the variation in the project duration does not need to be updated.
This method is based on the finish-to-start relationship which is most common but not applicable to start-to-start or finish-to-finish relationships in current form , but equations can be expanded to these relationship as necessary.