1 linux programming environment setup. outline introduce linux install linux on vmware 在...
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Linux Programming Environment Setup
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Outline
Introduce Linux
Install Linux on Vmware
在 Windows 下常用的 Software
Practice
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INTRODUCE LINUX
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History Linus Torvalds make a Minix (Mini Unix) kernel
Just only 10000 row of C codes
Richard Stallman bring up GNU plan Open source Free Unix-like
GNU/Linux Linux Kernel + many modules
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Use
Server MySql + PHP + Apache
Embedded system STB (Set Top Box)
Super Computer 75% (Top 500 on the world)
Game Sony PlayStation 3 Microsoft XBOX
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Linux Kernel
Linux Kernel version format Linux-a.b.c
a kernel version b odd : test
even : stable c number of bug fix
Common, Linux-2.4.x and Linux-2.6.x
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Linux distribution
Redhat 9 Linux-2.4.x Fedora 1 Linux-2.4.x Fedora 2~ Linux-2.6.x Debian more app. (15940) Trustix more safe and
stable Knoppix LiveCD
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Other
There’s nothing impossible on Linux, because Source code can change
Find Linux distribution or modules 義守大學檔案伺服器 http://ftp.isu.edu.tw/
Good Web Site 鳥哥的 Linux 私房菜
http://linux.vbird.org/8
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INSTALL LINUX ON VMWARE
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Vmware
Use software (VMware ESX Server) to“virtualize”the hardware resources
Including the CPU, RAM, hard disk and network controller
To create a virtual machine that can run its own operating system
and applications just like a “real” computer
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Install Linux – Vmware 執行畫面
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Install Linux – 新增一個新的 Virtual Host
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Install Linux – 選擇 Typical ( 典型 Virtual Host)
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Install Linux – 撰擇 Virtual Host 上欲安裝之系統
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Install Linux –設定 Virtual Host 名稱及位置
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Install Linux –設定 Virtual Host 網路狀態
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Install Linux – 決定 Virtual Host 可用之空間
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Install Linux – 分配 Virtual Host 硬碟空間中
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Install Linux – 完成一個 Virtual Host, 準備正式安裝 Linux
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Install Linux –選擇 image 檔來源 ,可由網路捉取或由課程網站 download
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Install Linux – 執行 Linux image 檔 ( 如同以光碟片開機 )
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Install Linux – Linux 開機後的畫面
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Install Linux – 略過 image 檢查
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Mainly, press the “Next” forever
We’ll point out options that need to setup below
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Install Linux –選擇所要的 Linux 環境
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Install Linux –網路設定
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Install Linux –時區設定
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Install Linux –登入之密碼設定
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Install Linux –選擇所要的 Linux 模組
只選擇以下套件 Development Tools Editors
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Install Linux –開始安裝到硬碟
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Install Linux –換下一片 image 檔
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Install Linux –決定是否建立開機磁片
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Install Linux –成功安裝 Linux, 重開機後之畫面
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設定 Linux – 利用 setup 指令 , 關閉不需要之服務
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設定 Linux –只留下 network 與 sshd 兩個服務後 , 重開機
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設定 Linux –若需更改網路設定 , 亦可利用 setup 指令重新設定
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在 Windows 下常用的 Software – 用來與 Linux 溝通
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Pietty – 類似 Telnet 軟體 Use SSH ( Secure Shell ) protocol
Allows data to be exchanged over a secure channel between two computers
Why use it? Convenient for In/Out Vmware console Good copy way
http://ntu.csie.org/~piaip/pietty/39
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Winscp – ftp 軟體 Support
SFTP (SSH File Transfer Protocol) SCP (Secure Copy Protocol) FTP (File Transfer Protocol)
Good way to transmission data between Windows and Linux
http://winscp.net/eng/docs/lang:cht
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LINUX COMMON COMMANDS
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Linux Command Format
Command [–options] [param1] [param2] …
Short option use “-” Long option use “--”
Ex. dmesg gcc –v gcc ––help cp file1 file2
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File management
ls list ls –al
chmod change authority
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 20 Sep 25 12:12 123.log
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d : directoryl : soft-link- : filec : char deviceb : block device
owner
group
other
r w x222120
Ex. Chmod 755 file
-rwxr-xr-x
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rmdir remove directory mkdir make directory cp copy
cp from to mv move or rename
Move from to cd change directory
cd <absolute or relative path> cd – cd ..
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find -name find file find <where> –name <filename>
grep find string dmesg | grep CPU
cat print to stdout file print file info. touch change file’s timestamp make a file
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rm remove rm –rf <file or directory>
man command manual tar uncompress or compress
tar zxvf file.tar.gz tar zcvf backup.tar.gz /root tar jxvf file.tar.bz2
ln soft-link ln –s <file> <link_name>
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Network
route setup or print route rule ping
ping -c 4 www.google.com.tw
ifconfig setup or print network ifconfig eth0 xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx
netstat show the network status netstat -l
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System
reboot shutdown –r
shutdown shutdown -h now
ps print process ps aux
kill terminate process kill <PID> killall <service_name>
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uname show system info. uname –r uname –a
free memory allocate state sync store memory buf. to disk
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Vi Editor
vi filename
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Visual Mode
yy copy a row
p paste a row
dd delete a row
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Insert Mode
Input what you want
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Command Mode
:wq save file and quit
:q! un-save and quit
:100 jump to 100th row
/<key> find [key] in this file press “n” to “Next”
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Tips
Tab Command complement File complement
Up/Down Record command history
` <action> ` First to do Ex. ifconfig `cat net.conf`
net.conf eth0 x.x.x.x
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PRACTICE
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First program - Hello World ~!
touch test.c 新增一檔案
vi test.c 撰寫 code
gcc test.c –o test 編譯程式 gcc <source 檔名 > -o < 編譯後檔名 >
./test 執行程式
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//test.c#include <stdio.h>
int main (int argc, char *argv[]) { printf("Hello world~!\n"); return 0;}
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Homework
實現該 Linux 程式設計環境 , 並利用已有之程式碼編譯和執行出一簡單範例 程式碼請至課程網站 download
(helloworld_sock)
Report Format 作業描述 流程圖 執行結果 問題與討論 心得
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Submission 以一個學號命名之壓縮檔 ( 此報告 ) 於期限內
E-Mail 寄至助教信箱和繳交紙本給助教 鄭玴吉 : ES711: [email protected] 林宜鋒 : ES711: [email protected]
Deadline 2008/03/19 晚上 12 點前
若有疑問可至 ES711 詢問助教62