1

Living With Arthritis

I.M. Doctor, M.D.

My Office

My City, State

2

The information in this presentation was provided to the presenter by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons and may be modified.

Endorsement of this presentation by the AAOS is not implied or inferred.

3

Living With Arthritis

Orthopaedics and the Bone and Joint Decade

Arthritis

Different Forms

Causes and Risks

Treatment Options

Managing Arthritis

4

MD who specializes in treatment and health maintenance of the musculoskeletal system (bones, joints, ligaments, muscles, tendons, cartilage and spine)

What is an orthopaedic surgeon?

5

What is an orthopaedic surgeon?

The expert in treating the musculoskeletal system

The expert in maintaining musculoskeletal health

6

Educating an Orthopaedic Surgeon

College Medical School Internship Orthopaedic Residency Fellowship (optional) 2 Years Practice

TOTAL

4

4

1

4

(1)

2

16 years!16 years!

7

What do orthopaedic surgeons do?

Diagnose

Treat

Non-surgical

Medication

Physical Therapy

Exercise

Bracing

Surgical

Prevention

8

9

Why Musculoskeletal Problems?

Musculoskeletal conditions affect hundreds of millions of people

Account for half of all chronic conditions in people over 50

10

Why Musculoskeletal Problems?

Goals: To improve quality of life for

sufferers To enhance education and advance

treatment through research

11

12

Part of AAOS commitment to Bone and Joint Decade

Resource for physicians and clinicians

Focus on conditions with greatest burden/cost to society

Improving Musculoskeletal Care in America (IMCA)

13

Living With Arthritis

Your Orthopaedic Surgeon

Getting You Back In The Game

14

Bone Fibrous capsule

Joint space filled with synovial fluid Articular

cartilage

Synovial membrane

Joints

Ligament

15

Pain

Avoidance of

Motion

IncreasedMuscle

Tightness

Loss of Motion

Joint Inflammation

16

Arthritis

21% of the U.S. population aged 18 or older have arthritis

The percentage grows higher with age

67 million, or 25 percent of the adult population, will have arthritis in 2030.

17

Symptoms

Weakness in the muscles

Tenderness to touch the joint

Limited ability to move the joint

Pain or swelling in single or multiple joints

A grating feeling or sound with movement

Pain when pressure is placed on the joint or the joint is moved

18

Diagnosis

Arthritic kneeHealthy knee

19

Diagnosis

Before your appointment:

Prepare to describe your symptoms

Gather medical history

Make list of medications

Write down questions and concerns

20

Diagnosis

During Your Appointment

1. What should I expect from my treatment?

2. What effect will my treatment have on my daily activities?

3. What can I do to prevent further disability?

AAOS site: orthoinfo.org

21

Diagnosis

Location, duration, & character of symptoms

Appearance of joints

Results of clinical diagnosis tools

22

Types of Arthritis

Osteoarthritis

Rheumatoid arthritis

Juvenile arthritis

Joint infections

23

Spine

HandsHips

KneesFingers

Osteoarthritis

Feet

Shoulders

24

Osteoarthritis

27 million Americans live with osteoarthritis

Before age 45, osteoarthritis more prevalent in males.

After age 55, it is more prevalent in females

25

Osteoarthritis: Causes

Primary Osteoarthritis

Thought to be result of aging

Decreased ability of cartilage to repair itself

Ligaments supporting joints become more lax

26

Osteoarthritis: Causes

Secondary Osteoarthritis

Obesity

Trauma

Surgery

Abnormal joints

Gout

Diabetes

Hormone disorders

27

Osteoarthritis: Symptoms

Pain in affected joints

Pain worse with prolonged overuse

Pain better with rest and exercise

Stiffness relieved by gentle motion

28

Rheumatoid Arthritis

1.3 million Americans affected

1% of world population affected

Women are up to three times more likely to have rheumatoid arthritis

High risk of death and disability

29

Rheumatoid Arthritis: Causes

Autoimmune condition

Cause unknown

Genetics a factor

Onset usually in middle age

Can affect other organs and systems

30

Rheumatoid Arthritis: Symptoms

Pain, swelling, and stiffness in fingers, wrists, and feet

Multiple joints

Fatigue, appetite loss, fever

31

Rheumatoid Arthritis: Symptoms

32

Juvenile Arthritis

One of the most common childhood diseases

Nearly 300,000 affected

Chronic autoimmune disease

33

Juvenile Arthritis: Causes

Cause is unknown

Foods, toxins, allergies, vitamin deficiencies do not play a role

Genes may be a factor

34

Juvenile Arthritis: Symptoms

Pain, swelling, tenderness

Stiffness and limited range of motion

35

Juvenile Arthritis: Progression

Damage to bones and cartilage, leading to deformity and impairment

Can affect growth

Symptoms can disappear and recur

Some children may outgrow disease

36

Arthritis: Treatment

37

Treatment

Health and behavior modifications

Medications

Surgery

Experimental/alternative treatments

38

Treatment: Health Modifications

Lose weight

Quit smoking

Eat healthier

Exercise

39

Exercise

40

Exercise

Strengthening exercises can help

Correct positioning is critical

40

41

Exercise

Include flexibility, strengthening, and aerobic exercises

Exercise when pain and stiffness lowest

Exercise when you are not tired

Exercise when medication having greatest effect

DO:

42

Exercise

Always warm up and cool down

Start slowly, progress gradually

Avoid becoming chilled or overheated

Use heat, cold, and other pain reducers

DO:

43

Exercise

Use aids like walking sticks or canes if needed

Always use any braces or supports recommended by your physician or trainer

Expect minor discomfort

Use two-hour rule: No more pain two hours after exercising than before you started

DO:

44

Exercise

Talk to your physician first

Consider athletic trainer or physical therapist

DO:

45

Exercise

Do too much too soon

Hold your breath while exercising

Take extra medication before unless your physician directs you otherwise

DON’T:

46

Exercise

Unusual or persistent fatigue

Increased weakness

Decreased range of motion

Increased joint swelling

Pain that lasts an hour after exercising

Consult your doctor if these symptoms are present:

47

Treatment: Medication

NSAIDs are nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

Aspirin

Ibuprofen

Naproxen

48

Treatment: Medication

Prescription medications

Cortisone injections

Lubrication injections in the knee

49

Treatment: Vitamins and Supplements

50

Treatment: Surgery

Why?

Alternatives?

Benefits and for how long?

51

Treatment: Surgery

Duration of recovery?

Assistance at home? How long?

Disability after surgery?

Physical or occupational therapy?

Return to normal activity?

52

Surgery

Arthroscopy

Osteotomy

Total joint replacement

53

Surgery: Arthroscopy

Less invasive

Often done on outpatient basis

Repair or removal of damage

Abrasion can stimulate repair

54

Surgery: Osteotomy

Pre-Osteotomy Post-Osteotomy

55

Knee Hip

Surgery: Total Joint Replacement

56

Treatment: Alternative Medicine

Ease symptoms

Improve outlook and attitude

Complementary Approaches May

57

Treatment: Alternative Medicine

Cure acute illness

Replace proven medical treatments for osteoarthritis

Complementary Approaches Will Not

58

Arthritis: The Future

59

American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons6300 North River RoadRosemont, IL 60018 www.orthoinfo.org

Arthritis Foundation800-283-7800

www.arthritis.org

Arthritis Resources

60

What are your questions and concerns?

Living With Arthritis

61

Thank you for participating today

Remember, your orthopaedic surgeon can help get you back in the game

Living With Arthritis