1 los angeles world airports | lax interim runway safety improvement project update of interim...
TRANSCRIPT
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Los Angeles World Airports | LAX Interim Runway Safety Improvement Project
Update of Interim Safety Improvement Planning
Presentation to Board of Airport Commissioners
November 16, 2009
Michael D. Feldman Deputy Executive DirectorFacilities Management Group
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Los Angeles World Airports | LAX Interim Runway Safety Improvement Project
LAWA’s Airfield Safety Goals
• Overall: Continue to be proactive in enhancing safety on the airfield while maintaining efficient movement of aircraft
• Interim: Reduce risk levels as much as possible while maintaining airfield operational efficiency pending ultimate North Airfield configuration decisions
• Long-Term Improvements: Eliminate and/or substantially reduce levels of risk while maintaining airfield operational efficiency
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Los Angeles World Airports | LAX Interim Runway Safety Improvement Project
Background of IRSIP Study
• North Airfield Technical Studies – Independent Airfield Safety Assessments
• 2007 North Airfield Safety Risk Assessment Report
• Independent North Airfield Safety Study (NASA, Academic Panel) - ongoing
• BOAC Direction to LAWA to Identify Further Safety Enhancements During Interim Period
• IRSIP Study
• Status Update Presentation to BOAC on April 6, 2009
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Los Angeles World Airports | LAX Interim Runway Safety Improvement Project
Airfield Safety Improvements Implemented
• South Airfield Improvement Project - completed
• Enhanced Marking and Lighting System – completed
• Runway Status Light System – pilot program completed
• ASDE-X system installation – completed
• Pilot and Controller Awareness Program – on-going
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Los Angeles World Airports | LAX Interim Runway Safety Improvement Project
Safety/Risk Terminology
• Hazard: condition that is necessary to lead to an incident or accident.
• Likelihood: Probable frequency of hazard occurrence (i.e. once per week/month/year/10 years/100 years).
• Severity: A measure of the end result (i.e. increased pilot and FAA workload, extreme pilot measures to avoid collision, loss of life and property).
• Risk: a predicted result of an event and the probability of the event occurring.
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Los Angeles World Airports | LAX Interim Runway Safety Improvement Project
FAA Engineering Recommendations
• FAA places priority on runway separation and proper airfield geometry
• Pending resolution of the final airfield geometry, the FAA prefers the following:
“. . .. The preference is for aircraft to cross in the last third of the runway whenever possible, since within the middle third of the runway the arriving/ departing aircraft is usually on the ground and traveling at a high rate of speed.”1/
1/ FAA Engineering Brief No. 75: Incorporation of Runway Incursion Prevention into Taxiway and Apron Design, November 19, 2007.
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Los Angeles World Airports | LAX Interim Runway Safety Improvement Project
Existing North Airfield System
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Los Angeles World Airports | LAX Interim Runway Safety Improvement Project
North Airfield Current Configuration – Risk Matrix
Severity No Safety Effect
Minor Major Hazardous Catastrophic
Likelihood 5 4 3 2 1
Frequent – AMore than once
per week
Probable – BOnce every
month
Remote – COnce every
year
Extremely Remote – D
Once every 10-100 years
Extremely Improbable – ELess than once
every 100 years
LAX 005
LAX 008
LAX 009
LAX 001
LAX 002
LAX 007
LAX 006
Source: LAX-WCG, Inc. Safety Risk Management Panel, May 2007
* Unacceptable with Single Point and Common Cause Failures
High Risk
Medium Risk
Low Risk
LAX 003
LAX 004
LAX 010
*
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Los Angeles World Airports | LAX Interim Runway Safety Improvement Project
Safety Risk Assessment Panel
• FAA Subject Matter Experts
• Air Traffic Control
• Runway Safety
• LAWA Subject Matter Experts
• Airfield Operations
• Planning
• Safety Risk Assessment Expert
• Panel Focus
• Review Hazards LAX001 and LAX002 to confirm that the hazards still exist based on current operations and the implementation of short-term enhancements
• Review the Preferred Alternative and determine if it would reduce the severity and/or likelihood of the hazards occurring
• Evaluate the potential of the Preferred Alternative causing additional hazards and/or worsening other existing hazards
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Los Angeles World Airports | LAX Interim Runway Safety Improvement Project
IRSIP – Taxiway Relocations
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Los Angeles World Airports | LAX Interim Runway Safety Improvement Project
Interim Improvements (IRSIP) – Initial Safety Panel Findings Risk Matrix
Severity No Safety Effect
Minor Major Hazardous Catastrophic
Likelihood 5 4 3 2 1
Frequent – AMore than once
per week
Probable – BOnce every
month
Remote – COnce every
year
Extremely Remote – D
Once every 10-100 years
Extremely Improbable – ELess than once
every 100 years
LAX 005
LAX 008
LAX 009
LAX 001
LAX 002
LAX 007
LAX 001
LAX 006
Source: LAX Safety Risk Management Panel, September 2009
* Unacceptable with Single Point and Common Cause Failures
High Risk
Medium Risk
Low Risk
LAX 003
LAX 004
LAX 010
LAX 002 *
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Los Angeles World Airports | LAX Interim Runway Safety Improvement Project
Runway Status Light Locations
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Los Angeles World Airports | LAX Interim Runway Safety Improvement Project
Next Steps
• December Board Meeting: Staff will request authority to initiate IRSIP design and environmental review
• Provide results of this work to NORSAC Committee and the Academic Panel.
• On-going collaboration with the FAA regarding additional Runway Status Light Installations and IRSIP
• Finalize Safety Risk Management Panel Report
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Los Angeles World Airports | LAX Interim Runway Safety Improvement Project
Discussions/Questions
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Los Angeles World Airports | LAX Interim Runway Safety Improvement Project
North Airfield Hazards
• Hazard LAX001 – Taxiway Y• What is going on: Simultaneous use of Runway 24R for
Arrivals and Runway 24L for Non-Heavy Departures
• What may occur: The departing Non-Heavy aircraft is cleared for departure and begins its takeoff roll and the arrival on Runway 24L, instructed to hold on Taxiway Y, approaches to hold line at the same time.
• What is the hazard: The aircraft that landed on Runway 24R inadvertently crosses past the hold line on Taxiway Y and crosses Runway 24L at the same time a Non-Heavy begins its departure roll down Runway 24L.
• What may be the outcome if the hazard occurs: Either or both pilots conduct a severe maneuver to avoid a potential collision, which would be classified by the FAA as a “severe operational error.”
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Los Angeles World Airports | LAX Interim Runway Safety Improvement Project
North Airfield Hazards
• Hazard LAX001 – Taxiway Y
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Los Angeles World Airports | LAX Interim Runway Safety Improvement Project
North Airfield Hazards
• Hazard LAX001 – Taxiway Z• What is going on: Simultaneous use of Runway 24R for Arrivals and
Runway 24L for Non-Heavy Departures
• What may occur: The departing Non-Heavy aircraft is cleared for departure and begins its takeoff roll and the arrival on Runway 24L, instructed to hold on Taxiway Z, approaches to hold line at the same time.
• What is the hazard: The aircraft that landed on Runway 24R inadvertently crosses past the hold line on Taxiway Z and crosses Runway 24L at the same time a Non-Heavy begins its departure roll down Runway 24L.
• What may be the outcome if the hazard occurs: Either or both pilots conduct a severe maneuver to avoid a potential collision, which would be classified by the FAA as a “severe operational error.”
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Los Angeles World Airports | LAX Interim Runway Safety Improvement Project
North Airfield Hazards
• Hazard LAX001 – Taxiway Z
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Los Angeles World Airports | LAX Interim Runway Safety Improvement Project
North Airfield Hazards
• Hazard LAX002 – Taxiway Y• What is going on: Simultaneous use of Runway 24R for
Arrivals and Runway 24L for Heavy Departures
• What may occur: The departing Heavy aircraft is cleared for departure and begins its takeoff roll and the arrival on Runway 24L, instructed to hold on Taxiway Y, approaches to hold line at the same time.
• What is the hazard: The aircraft that landed on Runway 24R inadvertently crosses past the hold line on Taxiway Y and crosses Runway 24L at the same time a Heavy begins its departure roll down Runway 24L.
• What may be the outcome if the hazard occurs: Either or both pilots conduct a severe maneuver to avoid a potential collision, which would be classified by the FAA as a “severe operational error.”
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Los Angeles World Airports | LAX Interim Runway Safety Improvement Project
North Airfield Hazards
• Hazard LAX002 – Taxiway Y
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Los Angeles World Airports | LAX Interim Runway Safety Improvement Project
North Airfield Hazards
• Hazard LAX002 – Taxiway Z• What is going on: Simultaneous use of Runway 24R for
Arrivals and Runway 24L for Heavy Departures
• What may occur: The departing Heavy aircraft is cleared for departure and begins its takeoff roll and the arrival on Runway 24L, instructed to hold on Taxiway Z, approaches to hold line at the same time.
• What is the hazard: The aircraft that landed on Runway 24R inadvertently crosses past the hold line on Taxiway Z and crosses Runway 24L at the same time a Heavy begins its departure roll down Runway 24L.
• What may be the outcome if the hazard occurs: Either or both pilots conduct a severe maneuver to avoid a potential collision, which would be classified by the FAA as a “severe operational error.”
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Los Angeles World Airports | LAX Interim Runway Safety Improvement Project
North Airfield Hazards
• Hazard LAX002 – Taxiway Z