1 new directions in architecture for egovernment executive forum cupertino, ca 2 april 2002 george...

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New Directions in Architecture for eGovernment

Executive ForumCupertino, CA

2 April 2002

New Directions in Architecture for eGovernment

Executive ForumCupertino, CA

2 April 2002

George Champine Director of Technology and Architecture North America

Compaq Global Services

[email protected]

George Champine Director of Technology and Architecture North America

Compaq Global Services

[email protected]

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Agenda Agenda eGovernment: The Promise and the eGovernment: The Promise and the Challenge Challenge

Agenda Agenda eGovernment: The Promise and the eGovernment: The Promise and the Challenge Challenge

The Megatrends and eBusiness The promise and challenge of eGovernment The challenges for IT Realizing the Promise – A Framework for

Success Concluding remarks

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Megatrends and eBusiness

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Evolution of computingEvolution of computingEvolution of computingEvolution of computing

Mainframe Era

Client/Server Era

Pervasive Information Era

PC Internet

S t a n d a r d i z a t i o n W a v e s

Technology Driven

Vendor Driven

Customer Driven

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Disappearing BoundariesDisappearing BoundariesDisappearing BoundariesDisappearing Boundaries

• Intranet + Extranet + Internet = Business Net• Multi-directional info sharing• Time and location independent users and

information providers• All links of the value chain have

information that has end consumer impact

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Promise and challenge of eGovernment

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Why eGovernmentWhy eGovernmentWhy eGovernmentWhy eGovernment Government is mostly about information:

– Acquisition– Manipulation– Storage– Retrieval/delivery

Government services can be delivered faster/better/cheaper with Internet technology

Citizens want eGovernment for ease of access and convenience to more information faster and cheaper

Businesses need it to cut cost, move faster, be more competitive Elected officials are demanding it:

– Paperwork Elimination Act– Clinger-Cohen Act– Cope with rising volume of transactions– Increasing number of services

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Government Environment and ContextGovernment Environment and ContextGovernment Environment and ContextGovernment Environment and Context All governments are being encouraged to go to

eGovernment– Rising expectations driven by Amazon.com etc– Demands for better, faster, cheaper, unified government

services by citizens and elected officials

Some governments not well positioned to do this

– Highly fragmented due to department autonomy– Stovepipe departments– Very political– Often weak central I/S– Obsolete incompatible systems– Proprietary, non-standard systems– Limited budgets

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What Do We KnowWhat Do We KnowWhat Do We KnowWhat Do We Know

eBusiness techniques have yield significant private sector productivity growth that has not been widely utilized in government

Government IT investments have traditionally:– supported agency needs, not citizen benefits

– Automated existing processes rather than leveraging technology-enabled improvements

eGovernment solutions provide tools to move from strategy to implementation

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Winning with eGovernment Winning with eGovernment Winning with eGovernment Winning with eGovernment

The Vision: a quantum improvement in government value and service to citizens

The Definition: the use of digital and internet techniques to greatly improve efficiency, effectiveness, and service quality

The Principles:– Citizen-centric, results-oriented, market-based

– Unify and simplify

– Integral part of government agenda

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Citizen-centric StrategyCitizen-centric StrategyCitizen-centric StrategyCitizen-centric Strategy

For the individual: build easy-to-use one-stop shopping access to high quality gov. services

Business: reduce burden through use of internet technologies

Inter-government: ease reporting and access requirements while enabling better performance measurement and results

Internal effectiveness and efficiency: reduce cost through best architecture and practices

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Best Practices for eGovernmentBest Practices for eGovernmentBest Practices for eGovernmentBest Practices for eGovernment

Aggregate services around citizen needs Collect data once and only once (must agree on

data definitions) Simplify processes before data collection Integrate customer interfaces Monitor and measure (define service levels)

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Leaders in Movement to eGovernment*Leaders in Movement to eGovernment*Leaders in Movement to eGovernment*Leaders in Movement to eGovernment*

Illinois “Leader in Digital Government” Kansas “Leader in Digital Government” State of Minnesota Yellow Pages Directory Michigan – “visionary use of technology” “No wrong door” access

– State of Georgia portal

– City of Houston 311 service

*http://www.centerdigitalgov.com*half of Americans on Internet

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Change Is Inevitable And ContinuousChange Is Inevitable And ContinuousChange Is Inevitable And ContinuousChange Is Inevitable And Continuous

Driven by: Rising citizen expectations and demands Technology advancements eGovernment initiatives Cost reduction “crunch” to free funds to re-invest

elsewhere for added benefit Elected officials using eGovernment as re-election engine Resistance is futile Those who have a compelling vision and well-developed

plan will prevail and dominate the future

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Internet/Intranet/Extranet at CompaqInternet/Intranet/Extranet at CompaqInternet/Intranet/Extranet at CompaqInternet/Intranet/Extranet at Compaq

Second largest computer company $40B revenue with facilities in 200 countries Ship 80,000 PCs/day First Fortune 500 company with home page Phased approach to World Wide Web

– Presence - 1992– Product information– Employee information– Shareholder support– Customer support (bug fixes, etc)– B2C E-commerce (limited)– B2B augmentation of EDI– B2E transactions– B2C transactions

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•PCs•Bus. Critical Sys.•Prof. Services

•Finance•Legal•Human Res.•Information Svs


InternetCorp.

Functions

Employees

Lines of Business

Intranet

Extranet

Customers

FinancialCommunity

VendorsSuppliers

Infrastructure/Shared Svs

•Call Center•Phone orders•Customer Support

•Interactive Voice Resp.

•Corporate•Channels•Individuals

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•PCs•Bus. Critical Sys.•Services


InternetCorp.

Functions

Employees

Lines of Business

Intranet

Extranet

Customers

FinancialCommunity

VendorsSuppliers


•Call Center •Phone orders•Customer Support


RFPs

Catalogs/Offerings

Prices

Specs

Contracts

Schedules

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InternetCorp.

Functions

Employees

Lines of Business

Intranet

Extranet

Customers

FinancialCommunity

VendorsSuppliers


RFP

Catalogs/Offerings

Prices

Specs

Contracts

Schedules



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InternetCorp.

Functions

Employees

Lines of Business

Intranet

Extranet

Customers

FinancialCommunity

VendorsSuppliers




Financial reports

Briefings

Interviews

Outlook

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InternetCorp.

Functions

Employees

Lines of Business

Intranet

Extranet

Customers

FinancialCommunity

VendorsSuppliers



HR Policy

Benefits

Expense Reports

E-Mail

Payroll

News about Compaq

Vacation

Employee purchase

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Mission and Objectives of eGovernmentMission and Objectives of eGovernmentMission and Objectives of eGovernmentMission and Objectives of eGovernment

Mission:

Provide citizens, business, government employees, and trusted partners with secure and citizen-centric electronic access options to government electronic applications current and future .

Support diverse and geographically distributed population

Guarantee the secure and efficient flow of sensitive information between the government and citizens

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Business Factors Driving eGovernmentBusiness Factors Driving eGovernmentBusiness Factors Driving eGovernmentBusiness Factors Driving eGovernment Accessibility to government programs for all Citizens Security, authentication, and authorization to protect

all information and services from internal and external threats

Government as an integrated enterprise to deliver all information services through: multiple points of access no “wrong door”

Citizen-centric service delivery to meet public expectations

Efficient and effective service and information delivery regardless of access method

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eGovernment NeedseGovernment NeedseGovernment NeedseGovernment Needs Improved network to connect citizens,

government employees, vendors, departments, ISPs, and partners

High quality security system (PKI, CA, etc) Mechanisms to integrate Department

applications (CORBA, DCOM, MQ, XML, etc) Service broker to connect diverse department

applications to each other and to citizens Continuously available, reliable transactions,

and zero latency (to support multiple access) Call Centers and Interactive Voice Response Scale to millions of users with real time

response

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Government Business ModelGovernment Business ModelGovernment Business ModelGovernment Business Model

Legislative Executive Judicial

Voters

Dept.

Dept.

Dept.

Dept.

Dept.

Dept.

Dept.

Dept.

Dept.

Dept.

Dept.

Dept.

Infrastructure/Shared Services

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Government IT Strategy yesterdayGovernment IT Strategy yesterdayGovernment IT Strategy yesterdayGovernment IT Strategy yesterday

Government Government ProcessProcess

ApplicationApplication

GovernmentGovernmentUsersUsers





Optimize at the Optimize at the Government UnitGovernment Unit

Empower the deptEmpower the dept

DecentralizationDecentralization

IT followed the IT followed the government units. government units.

No Shared DataNo Shared Data

Change took yearsChange took years



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Government Strategy tomorrowGovernment Strategy tomorrowGovernment Strategy tomorrowGovernment Strategy tomorrow• Processes are optimizedProcesses are optimized• Move from function to process, some shared Move from function to process, some shared

datadata• Internal Value ChainInternal Value Chain

Government Value ChainGovernment Value Chain

ApplicationApplication ApplicationApplication ApplicationApplication




DataData DataData

GovernmentGovernmentProcessProcess



Change is still Change is still

too difficult !!too difficult !!

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From Depts. And Agencies to ServicesFrom Depts. And Agencies to ServicesFrom Depts. And Agencies to ServicesFrom Depts. And Agencies to ServicesDept.

ApplicationDept.

ApplicationDept.

ApplicationDept.

Application

Infrastructure

Service Group “N” (Licensing)

Service Group 3 (Natural Resources)

Service Group 1 (Family Services)

Service Group 2 (Motor Vehicles)

Customized One-stop shopping user portal

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Agencies and ServicesAgencies and ServicesAgencies and ServicesAgencies and Services

In the U.S. Federal Government:– Each service crosses 19 agencies

– Each agency supports 17 services

Source: Office of Management and Budget

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Four Types of eGovernmentFour Types of eGovernmentFour Types of eGovernmentFour Types of eGovernment

G2C

G2E

G2B

G2G

Citizens are demanding the same 24X7 access that they get with the Corporate Sector

Constituents need to know what they want to do – “Life Event” rather than who to interact with

Self-service benefits for employees Ease of fulfilling administrative requirements Knowledge Management Collaboration

eProcurement Inspections and Permits Land Development information By 2003 the internet will become the predominant mechanism for conducting

business – Gartner Group

Criminal Justice Legislative Process tracking Intelligence Information

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Typical G2C ServicesTypical G2C ServicesTypical G2C ServicesTypical G2C Services Information delivery on departments, agencies, elected officials License applications with payment Motor vehicle licenses and registration Birth/death, marriage certificates Property tax payments Traffic fine payment Building permit applications Income tax payment Crime/penal system information Utility bill payments Medical licensing verification Employment jobs data base

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Typical G2B ServicesTypical G2B ServicesTypical G2B ServicesTypical G2B Services

Information on departments, agencies, elected officials

License applications Building permit applications Sale of Govt surplus Corp tax payment Fine payment Government auctions Sales tax payment

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Typical G2G ServicesTypical G2G ServicesTypical G2G ServicesTypical G2G Services

Wanted persons Missing persons Warrants Criminal histories

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Access: Improve citizen access to Information and Services

Dissemination: Improve the efficiency of delivery of Information and Services to all constituents

Policy Making: Establish Leadership and guidelines for the transformation to eGovernment

Participation: Increase the level of citizen participation in Government

Services: Provide a wider range of integrated services, with higher quality and reduced costs

Operations: 24X7X 365, Highly available and reliable

Transactions: Ensure ability to handle high transaction volumes

Privacy and Security: Address Privacy and Security Issues

8 Strategic Challenges for eGovernment8 Strategic Challenges for eGovernment

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Assertions About eGovernmentAssertions About eGovernmentAssertions About eGovernmentAssertions About eGovernment eBusiness is generating rising expectations that will impact

every department and agency eGovernment requires processes that cross department

boundaries at many levels. They challenge the current structure of state and regional administrations

eGovernment requires new and rapidly evolving skills, stressing in-house staff

No one vendor can meet all needs, forcing a “best of breed” architecture and solution

Moving to eGovernment involves cost and risk which must be carefully identified and planned

eGovernment is:– A process, not a destination– Constantly changing and evolving

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Realizing the promise of eGovernment - Realizing the promise of eGovernment - A framework for success A framework for success Realizing the promise of eGovernment - Realizing the promise of eGovernment - A framework for success A framework for success

eGovernment is a multi-dimensional challenge– Business and Process

Integrated Processes Citizen-centric approach Life-Event orientation

– People Create widespread capability – internal and external Provide universal access

– Technology Integrate Architecture into the IS Strategic Planning Process Practice Program and Project Management Discipline

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Challenges for IT

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Key Design PoliciesKey Design PoliciesKey Design PoliciesKey Design Policies Standards-based modular architecture

– Adherence to open standards Continuous operation

– No single points of failure through parallelism– Within Service Point and among service points– Disaster recovery

Privacy and security Scalability

– Growth without obsolescence– High performance systems– Parallelism where appropriate (SMP, clusters, DISA, load leveling)

Integration of applications and data sources through Service Broker

Minimize total life cycle cost Flexibility and extensibility through well-defined interfaces etc. Leverage existing infrastructure Accessible to all citizens

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SecuritySecuritySecuritySecurity

Threat is real!– Some outside but mostly inside

Can not be done piecemeal – must have high quality top-down plan

Technology is available but must be used appropriately

Must be integrated with disaster recovery If you think information systems are expensive,

try getting along without them

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Realizing the Promise - Framework for Success

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What is an eGovernment Information What is an eGovernment Information System Architecture?System Architecture?What is an eGovernment Information What is an eGovernment Information System Architecture?System Architecture?

Includes ALL aspects of the eGovernment Information System.

Provides a “Blueprint” to build the eGovernment Infrastructure, based on standards

Defines the “system” components and interfaces

Defines the government data-flow

Includes a Technology Strategy with clear forward looking plan

Is Actionable - Builds a Roadmap to get there

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Architecture: a Key Pillar of IS Strategic Architecture: a Key Pillar of IS Strategic Planning ProcessPlanning ProcessArchitecture: a Key Pillar of IS Strategic Architecture: a Key Pillar of IS Strategic Planning ProcessPlanning Process

ProgramsPrograms

Plans

ProjectsProjects

Architecture

PLANSPLANS

Architecture becomes Architecture becomes • A Communications A Communications

ToolTool• A Management ToolA Management Tool• A Budgeting ToolA Budgeting Tool

Through ArchitectureThrough ArchitectureIT becomes a partner IT becomes a partner with the Governmentwith the Government

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Phased Approach to ArchitecturePhased Approach to ArchitecturePhased Approach to ArchitecturePhased Approach to Architecture

InformationInformationGatheringGatheringInformationInformationGatheringGathering

InformationInformationAnalysisAnalysis

InformationInformationAnalysisAnalysis

ArchitectureArchitectureSynthesisSynthesis

ArchitectureArchitectureSynthesisSynthesis

ArchitectureArchitectureDeliveryDelivery

ArchitectureArchitectureDeliveryDelivery

Government Requirements

Current State

Meeting Notes

IS Requirements Spec.

Installed base doc.

Future State Model

Technology Strategy

Final Architecture

Technical Strategy Doc.Each phase has specific deliverables

and Management visibility:

Each transition to next phase requires

Mgmt review of deliverables.

Trends and Futures

Industry/Technology/Product

Best Practices

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Architectural Approach helps:Architectural Approach helps:Architectural Approach helps:Architectural Approach helps: To create IT solutions that are aligned with

strategic objectives To address the complexity of integrating legacy

systems with new initiatives To be responsive to changing needs of end

users and the dynamics of technology Identifies current Best-In-Class Technologies

with maps to future trends Identifies current Best Implementation Practices

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Supports the eGovernment Strategy and GoalsSupports the eGovernment Strategy and GoalsSupports the eGovernment Strategy and GoalsSupports the eGovernment Strategy and Goals

Objectives and Strategies

Government Processes

Application / Data Architecture

Infrastructure Strategy

determine

determine

determines

ITStrategy

Service Service metricsmetrics

E-CommE-CommB2BB2BB2CB2C

Data Data ERPERPInternet Tech.Internet Tech.SystemsSystems

InfrastructureInfrastructureNetworksNetworksTopologyTopology

InvestInvest

COTSCOTS

OutsourceOutsource

ERPERP

InternetInternet

CRMCRM

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Directory

Security

Broker

Systems Mgmt

Internet

Secure Network

ISP

Users

ISP

Users Users

ISP

IVR

Service Point 1

Firewall Firewall Firewall

Kiosk

PSTN

Dept SystemsCall Center

State Systems

X.500

Firewall Firewall Firewall FirewallIntrusion Detection

Firewall

Intrusion Detection

Intrusion Detection

Intrusion Detection

Intrusion Detection

Intrusion Detection

Service Point N

Trusted Partners

Firewall

Service Point N

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What Does This Mean?What Does This Mean?What Does This Mean?What Does This Mean?

Lines between public and private sectors will blur– Governments off-load low value services to service providers– Quicken facilitates tax filings– Auto excise tax paid through Autobytel.com– H&R Block collects taxes

Government focus will shift to core service delivery– Compliance– Code simplification– Close loop holes– Shared services (mail truck deliver meals-on-wheels)

Technology enables larger, more complex services

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SummarySummarySummarySummary Government organizations must prepare for moving into the

eGovernment era (resistance is futile) Design of the systems must be done by experts

– In-house– In-source– Outsource– Service providers

Government IT must develop services that are:– Secure– Reliable– Responsive– Easy-to-use– Full function

A well-designed and architected system is:– Faster to implement– Higher quality service– Lower life cycle cost

High quality information systems are crucial to success!!!

1 new directions in architecture for egovernment executive forum cupertino, ca 2 april 2002 george...

Documents

information faster

internet techniques

government value

unified government services

best architecture

ebusinessthe promise

internet technologycitizens

ease of access