1 of 31 title slide learn how to partition in oracle 9i release 2 reference number: #31316 by eric...

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Title SlideLearn How To Partition In Oracle 9i Release 2Reference Number: #31316

By

Eric YenSystem ConsultantQuest Software

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Agenda• Partitioning Defined• Evolution of Partitioning in Oracle• When to partition tables• Range Partitioning• Hash Partitioning• List Partitioning• Composite

– Range-Hash– Range-List

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Agenda• Globally Partitioned Indexes• Locally Partitioned Indexes• Bringing It All Together• Other Sources Of Information• Summary• Questions and Answers• Short Survey . . . How did I do?

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Partitioning Defined• The concept of Divide and Conquer.• Breaking down a large problem into

smaller manageable pieces.• Making a mountain into a mole hill.• Your definition here.

• “Dividing Tables and Indexes into manageable pieces.”

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Evolution of Partitioning in Oracle

Oracle 8 •Range

Oracle 8i

•Range•Hash •Composite

•Range-Hash

Oracle 9i Release 1 •Range•Hash •List•Composite

•Range-Hash

Oracle 9i Release 2 •Range•Hash •List*

•Composite •Range-Hash•Range-List

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When to partition tables• For “large” table.

Tables >= 2 Gigs*

• Performance gain outweighs the management of partitioning.

• Archiving of data is on a schedule and repetitive.

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Range Partitioning• Often used when there is a logical

range.• Examples:

–Dates•Start Date•Transaction Date•Close Date•Date of Payment

–IDs•Product ID•Location ID•UPC

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Range Partitioning CodeCREATE TABLE PARTITION_BY_RANGE( . . . BIRTH_MM INT NOT NULL, BIRTH_DD INT NOT NULL, BIRTH_YYYY INT NOT NULL)

PARTITION BY RANGE (BIRTH_YYYY, BIRTH_MM, BIRTH_DD)(PARTITION PARTITION_01 VALUES LESS THAN (1970, 01 ,01) TABLESPACE TS01, . . . PARTITION PARTITION_N VALUES LESS THAN (MAXVALUE, MAXVALUE, MAXVALUE) TABLESPACE TS05) ENABLE ROW MOVEMENT;

Partition Method

Partition Key

PartitionDefinition

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Hash Partitioning• Hashing allows for distributed data

by a hash key.• DBAs do not have to know the

data.• Distribution is handled by Oracle.• Each partition can have its own

tablespace.

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Hash Partitioning Code

CREATE TABLE PARTITION_BY_HASH

(FIRST_NAME VARCHAR2(10),

MIDDLE_INIT VARCHAR2(1),

LAST_NAME VARCHAR2(10),

AGE INT NOT NULL)

PARTITION BY HASH (AGE)

(PARTITION P1_AGE TABLESPACE TS01,

PARTITION P2_AGE TABLESPACE TS02,

PARTITION P3_AGE TABLESPACE TS03,

PARTITION P4_AGE TABLESPACE TS04)

ENABLE ROW MOVEMENT;

Partition MethodPartition Key

PartitionDefinition

Hash Partitioning Code

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List Partitioning• Added in Oracle 9.1• In 9.2 the “DEFAULT” partition

method was added.• Allows DBAs to explicitly define

what is in a partition.• Example

– States into a Region– Departments into a Division

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List Partitioning Code

CREATE TABLE PARTITION_BY_LIST

(DEPTID NUMBER,

DEPTNAME VARCHAR2(15),

STATE VARCHAR2(2))

PARTITION BY LIST (STATE)

(PARTITION DEPTS_IN_NORTH VALUES ('AK')

TABLESPACE TS01,

. . .

PARTITION DEPTS_WITH_NO_REGION VALUES (DEFAULT)

TABLESPACE TS05)


Partition MethodPartition Key

Partition Definition

List Partitioning Code

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Composite Range-Hash• Partition by Range • Stored by a Hash algorithm• DBAs can focus on both the ease

of Range Partitioning and get the benefits of Hash Partitioning

• Logically divide the data and let Oracle determine where to store.

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Composite Range-Hash Code

CREATE TABLE PARTITION_BY_RANGE_HASH

( FIRST_NAME VARCHAR2(10),



BIRTH_MM INT NOT NULL,

BIRTH_DD INT NOT NULL,

BIRTH_YYYY INT NOT NULL)

TABLESPACE USERS

Composite Range-Hash Code

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PARTITION BY RANGE (BIRTH_YYYY, BIRTH_MM, BIRTH_DD)

<SUBPARTITION TEMPLATE>

(PARTITION DOBS_IN_1971 VALUES LESS THAN (1972, 01 ,01),

. . .

PARTITION DOBS_IN_1975 VALUES LESS THAN (MAXVALUE, MAXVALUE, MAXVALUE))


Composite Range-Hash Code continued

PartitionPartition Method

Partition Key

PartitionDefinition


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SUBPARTITION BY HASH(FIRST_NAME, MIDDLE_INIT, LAST_NAME)

SUBPARTITION TEMPLATE(

SUBPARTITION SP1 TABLESPACE TS01,




SUBPARTITION SP5 TABLESPACE TS05)

SubpartitionMethod

SubpartitionKey

SubpartitionName


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Composite Range-List• Similar to Range-Hash partitioning.• Subpartition is by List method.• Allows for greater control by the

DBAs.• Proper use of Range-List must be

carefully thought out.

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Composite Range-List Code

CREATE TABLE PARTITION_BY_RANGE_LIST

( FIRST_NAME VARCHAR2(10),



BIRTH_MM INT NOT NULL,

BIRTH_DD INT NOT NULL,

BIRTH_YYYY INT NOT NULL,

STATE VARCHAR2(2) NOT NULL)

TABLESPACE USERS

Composite Range-List Code

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Composite Range-List Code continuedPARTITION BY RANGE (BIRTH_YYYY, BIRTH_MM, BIRTH_DD)

<SUBPARTITION TEMPLATE>

(PARTITION DOBS_IN_1971 VALUES LESS THAN (1972, 01 ,01),

. . .

PARTITION DOBS_IN_1975 VALUES LESS THAN (MAXVALUE, MAXVALUE, MAXVALUE))


PartitionPartition Method

Partition Key

PartitionDefinition

Composite Range-List Code continued

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SUBPARTITION BY LIST (STATE)

SUBPARTITION TEMPLATE

(SUBPARTITION IN_NORTH VALUES

('AK') TABLESPACE TS01,

SUBPARTITION IN_EAST VALUES

('NY', 'NJ', 'VA', 'CT') TABLESPACE TS02,

. . .

SUBPARTITION NO_STATE VALUES

(DEFAULT) TABLESPACE TS05)

Subpartition Key

SubpartitionName

Subpartition Method


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Globally Partitioned Indexes• Two types of Globally Partition Indexes.

– Non-Partitioned– Partitioned

• Globally Non-Partitioned Indexes are “regular” indexes used in OLTP.

• Globally Partitioned Indexes are similar in syntax to Range partitioned tables.

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Globally Partitioned Index CodeCREATE INDEX PARTITION_BY_RANGE_GPI ON PARTITION_BY_RANGE (BIRTH_YYYY)

GLOBAL PARTITION BY RANGE (BIRTH_YYYY)(PARTITION DOBS_IN_1971_OR_B4 VALUES LESS THAN (1972) TABLESPACE ITS01, PARTITION DOBS_IN_1972_GPI VALUES LESS THAN (1973) TABLESPACE ITS02, . . . PARTITION DOBS_IN_1975_OR_L8R VALUES LESS THAN (MAXVALUE) TABLESPACE ITS05);

IndexMethod

IndexPartition

Index Partition

Globally Partitioned Index Code

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Locally Partitioned Indexes• Oracle manages the rebuild of LPI• Extra time should be allocated for

– Range-Hash– Range-List

• LPI can “point” to partition or subpartition level.

• No SUBPARTITION TEMPLATE

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Locally Partitioned Index Code(LPI at Partition Level)

CREATE INDEX PARTITION_BY_RANGE_HASH_LIP ON PARTITION_BY_RANGE_HASH (LAST_NAME) LOCAL( PARTITION <PARTITION_NAME01> TABLESPACE ITS01,

. . .

PARTITION <PARTITION_NAMEN> TABLESPACE ITSN);

IndexMethod

IndexPartition

Locally Partitioned Index Code – Partition Level

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Locally Partitioned Index Code Continued(LPI at Subpartition Level)

CREATE INDEX <INDEX_NAME>ON <TABLE_NAME> (<COLUMNS>) LOCAL(PARTITION <PARTITION_NAME> TABLESPACE ITS0N ( SUBPARTITION <SUBPARTITION_NAME> TABLESPACE ITS01 , . . . SUBPARTITION <SUBPARTITION_NAME> TABLESPACE

ITS0N ), . . .

IndexMethod

IndexPartition

IndexSubpartition

Locally Partitioned Index Code – Subpartition Level

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Locally Partitioned Index Code Continued(LPI at Subpartition Level)

(PARTITION <PARTITION_NAME> TABLESPACE ITS0N ( SUBPARTITION <SUBPARTITION_NAME> TABLESPACE ITS01 , . . . SUBPARTITION <SUBPARTITION_NAME> TABLESPACE

ITS0N )

);

IndexPartition

IndexSubpartition

Locally Partitioned Index Code – Subpartition Level

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Bringing It All Together• 5 table partition methods

– Range, Hash, List, Range-Hash, Range-List

• 3 index partition methods– Global Non-partition, Global partition,

Locally partition

• Guidelines– Is the table the “right” size?– How volatile is the data?– What are your maintenance considerations?

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Other Sources Of Information• Oracle9i Database Concepts Release 2

(9.2) Part Number A96524-01 Chapter 11 Partitioned Tables and

Indexes• Oracle9i Database Administrator's

Guide Release 2 (9.2) Part Number A96521-01

Chapter 17 Managing Partitioned Tables and Indexes*

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Summary• Basics of partitioning

– Definition, Evolution & When to partition

• Table partitioning methods– Range, Hash, List, Range-Hash, Range-List

• Index partitioning methods– Global Nonpartition, Global Partition,

Locally Partition

• Wrapped It Up– Bringing it all together, Other Sources Of

Information

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Question and Answer

Question and

Answer

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Ending SlideLearn How To Partition In Oracle 9i Release 2Reference Number: #31316

By

Eric YenSystem ConsultantQuest Software

1 of 31 title slide learn how to partition in oracle 9i release 2 reference number: #31316 by eric...

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